Children who drink more milk do not necessarily develop healthier bones, researchers said on Monday in a report that stresses exercise and modest consumption of calcium1-rich foods such as tofu and broccoli2.
Appearing in the journal Pediatrics, the report drew its conclusions from previously3 published studies and was written by researchers from the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, which advocates a strict vegetarian4 diet.
"Under scientific scrutiny5, the support for the milk myth crumbles6. This analysis of 58 published studies shows that the evidence on which U.S. dairy intake7 recommendations are based is scant," said study author Dr. Amy Lanou in a statement.
Some earlier studies that extol8 dairy products as a calcium source have been funded at least in part by the dairy industry.
The U.S. government has gradually increased recommendations for daily calcium intake, largely from dairy products, to between 800 and 1,300 milligrams to promote healthy bones and prevent osteoporosis.
But the Physicians Committee’s report said boosting consumption of milk or other dairy products was not necessarily the best way to provide the minimal9 calcium intake of at least 400 milligrams per day. Other ways to get the absorbable calcium found in one cup of cow’s milk include a cup of fortified10 orange juice, a cup of cooked kale or turnip11 greens, two packages of instant oats, two-thirds cup of tofu, or 1-2/3 cups of broccoli, the report said.
Several of the studies, which examined such factors as bone density12 and rate of fractures, concluded that exercise may be more important than increased calcium consumption in developing strong bones.
Data was scarce on the effect of calcium intake for children younger than 7 years, the report said. Dairy products provide 18 percent of the total energy and 25 percent of the total fat intake in the diets of American children, who are developing increasing rates of obesity13, it said.
In an editorial in the journal commenting on the report, Frank Greer, a pediatrician at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, said the ideal way to achieve the goal of healthy bones is to make sure children exercise and consume up to 1,300 milligrams a day of calcium.
1 calcium [ˈkælsiəm] 第7级 | |
n.钙(化学符号Ca) | |
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2 broccoli [ˈbrɒkəli] 第10级 | |
n.绿菜花,花椰菜 | |
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3 previously ['pri:vɪəslɪ] 第8级 | |
adv.以前,先前(地) | |
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4 vegetarian [ˌvedʒəˈteəriən] 第7级 | |
n.素食者;adj.素食的 | |
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5 scrutiny [ˈskru:təni] 第7级 | |
n.详细检查,仔细观察 | |
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6 crumbles [ˈkrʌmblz] 第8级 | |
酥皮水果甜点( crumble的名词复数 ) | |
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7 intake [ˈɪnteɪk] 第7级 | |
n.吸入,纳入;进气口,入口 | |
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8 extol [ɪkˈstəʊl] 第9级 | |
vt.赞美,颂扬 | |
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9 minimal [ˈmɪnɪməl] 第7级 | |
adj.尽可能少的,最小的 | |
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10 fortified ['fɔ:tɪfaɪd] 第9级 | |
adj. 加强的 | |
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11 turnip [ˈtɜ:nɪp] 第8级 | |
n.萝卜,芜菁 | |
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