Banks have already begun to take action to shift operations out of the UK, with the governor of France's central bank warning last Saturday that Britain's financial services groups were at risk of losing their right to operate across the EU.

多家银行已开始采取行动，将业务移出英国。上周六，法国央行行长警告称，英国的金融服务机构有可能失去他们在欧盟各国经营的权利。

Investment banks have reacted immediately to Britain's referendum result, with some of the City's largest institutions approaching regulators to secure licences and lining¹ up executives to relocate.

在英国公投结果出来之后，一些投行立即做出反应，伦敦一些大型机构开始接触监管者以取得执照，并安排高管们搬离。

The big US banks — JPMorgan Chase, Goldman Sachs, Bank of America, Citigroup and Morgan Stanley — have large operations employing tens of thousands of people in the UK. They are now preparing to shift some of this work to cities such as Dublin, Paris and Frankfurt.

美国几大银行——摩根大通、高盛、美银、花旗和摩根士丹利——在英国开办的业务规模都很大，雇员多达上万人。所以它们开始准备把部分业务转移到都柏林、巴黎、法兰克福等城市去。

Francois Villeroy de Galhau said it was "paradoxical" to allow the City of London to operate by the EU's rules and not be a member of the European Economic Area in the manner of Norway.

法国央行行长弗朗索瓦·维勒鲁瓦·德加洛表示，允许伦敦市依照欧盟的规则运营，但它又不是按照挪威的方式运营的欧洲经济共同体的一员，这实在是很“荒谬”。

Many of the US banks have been quietly bulking up European entities² outside the UK to which they can transfer some activities, but most of them still lack sufficient licences to carry out many of the operations they at present run out of London.

许多美资银行一直在悄悄地扩大英国之外的欧洲业务部门，这使得它们能够相当迅速地转移业务。但大多数美资银行目前仍缺乏在伦敦之外经营许多业务的执照。

"If you don't have a licence outside the UK then you need to start work right away," said the head of investment banking³ at a large group.

一家大型集团的投行业务主管表示：“如果你没有英国之外的执照，那么你需要马上行动起来，”

Jamie Dimon, JPMorgan chief executive, warned before the referendum that as many as 4,000 jobs could be shifted out of the UK.

公投之前，摩根大通首席执行官杰米·戴蒙警告称，可能会把至多4000个岗位迁出英国。

Stuart Gulliver, HSBC's chief executive, had said the bank may move as many as 1,000 of its 5,000 UK-based investment banking staff to Paris if Brexit happened. Other UK banks, such as Barclays, Royal Bank of Scotland and Lloyds Banking Group, may also need to strengthen their European presence outside of the UK.

汇丰银行首席执行官欧智华表示，如果全民公投后英国退出欧盟，汇丰会将大约1000个岗位从伦敦转移到巴黎。当前汇丰在英国共有大约5000名职员。其他一些英国的银行，比如巴克莱、苏格兰皇家银行、劳埃德银行集团，可能也将加强拓展英国之外的欧洲业务。

Jonathan Lewis, head of Japan's Nomura International, which employs about 2,600 staff in London, said it would have to "wait and see" how things unfolded before making any big decisions about its locations or operating structures.

日本野村国际在伦敦也有2600名员工，其主管乔纳森·路易斯表示将静候事情会如何发展，暂不对公司地点和运营结构作出大的变化。