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我们需要不会令人上瘾的止痛药
添加时间:2018-06-07 10:44:33 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • Medically speaking, I've noticed over the years that we can be infected by US health problems. A case in point is opioid addiction1, which affects 65,000 people annually2 in the US and is the leading cause of death in people under 50. That could never happen here you say, we're too careful to let potent3 painkillers4 get out of hand. Don't be too sure.

    从医学角度来说,我发现随着时间的推移,我们可能会感染一些存在于美国的健康问题。一个典型的例子就是阿片类成瘾。在美国,阿片类上瘾每年影响65000人,也是50岁以下人群的主要死亡原因。你会说在我国永远都不会发生这种情况,我们十分小心,不会让强效止痛药失去控制。但不要太过肯定哦。

    A paper published in 2013 highlighted a rise in tramadol (an opioid) deaths in the UK. In 1996, tramadol was linked to one death in England and Wales. By 2011, it accounted for 154. The report called for close monitoring of "any increase in deaths caused by opioid analgesics5 because it may signal an emerging problem in the UK similar to the issue that's now well established in the USA".

    2013年发表的一篇文章强调了英国曲马多(一种阿片类药物)致死人数在增加。1996年,曲马多只导致英格兰和威尔士一起死亡事件。到2011年,却造成了154起死亡事件。报道呼吁密切监测"由类阿片镇痛药导致的死亡人数增加,因为这可能表明英国正出现类似于美国已确立存在的问题。"

    We now have painkillers that are much more powerful than morphine and far more dangerous. Fentanyl is such a drug, 150-200 times as strong as morphine and more addictive6. In 2015, there were 330,445 high-risk opioid users in the UK, the highest in Europe. Scripts for opioids doubled between 2000-2012 and were for longer. And hospital admissions for overdoses doubled between 2005 and 2017.

    现在的止痛药比吗啡更强大,也更为危险。芬太尼就是这类药物,比吗啡的药效强150至200倍,也更令人上瘾。2015年,英国有330445名高风险的阿片类药物使用者,位居欧洲之首。2000年至2012年间,阿片类药物的使用情况翻了一番。而在2005年至2017年间,由于过量服用而住院的人数也翻了一番。

    In 2015, there were 34 deaths due to fentanyl and 51 because of oxycodone. By 2017, these figures were 58 and 75 respectively. When I was a practising doctor the use of morphine was a last resort. But over the last 20 years it's become acceptable to prescribe opioids routinely. Now, they're seen almost as a standard treatment for short and intermediate pain problems. This has gradually segued into long-term use.

    2015年,芬太尼和羟考酮导致的死亡事件分别为34例和51例。至2017年,这一数字分别涨至58例和75例。当我还是一名执业医生的时候,使用吗啡是万不得已的方法。但在过去20年间,人们已接受使用阿片类药物。现在,它们已几乎被视作治疗短期和中期疼痛的标准治疗方法。并且慢慢的被人们长期使用。

    Could the answer be new opioids that relieve pain but are non-?addictive? Some promising7 research from the US gives us hope. Over three years, researchers from the University of North Carolina have identified the exact part of the opioid molecule8 that relieves pain.

    这是不是因为缓解疼痛的新阿片类药物会令人上瘾?美国一些具有前景的研究给了我们希望。过去3年内,北卡罗来纳大学的研究人员已经确定了阿片类分子缓解疼痛的确切部分。

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    1 addiction [əˈdɪkʃn] JyEzS   第8级
    n.上瘾入迷,嗜好
    参考例句:
    • He stole money from his parents to feed his addiction. 他从父母那儿偷钱以满足自己的嗜好。
    • Areas of drug dealing are hellholes of addiction, poverty and murder. 贩卖毒品的地区往往是吸毒上瘾、贫困和发生谋杀的地方。
    2 annually [ˈænjuəli] VzYzNO   第9级
    adv.一年一次,每年
    参考例句:
    • Many migratory birds visit this lake annually. 许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
    • They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually. 他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。
    3 potent [ˈpəʊtnt] C1uzk   第7级
    adj.强有力的,有权势的;有效力的
    参考例句:
    • The medicine had a potent effect on your disease. 这药物对你的病疗效很大。
    • We must account of his potent influence. 我们必须考虑他的强有力的影响。
    4 painkillers [ˈpeɪnˌkɪləz] 1a67b54ddb73ea8c08a4e55aa1847a55   第9级
    n.止痛药( painkiller的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • The doctor gave him some painkillers to ease the pain. 医生给了他一些止疼片以减缓疼痛。 来自辞典例句
    • The primary painkillers - opiates, like OxyContin - are widely feared, misunderstood and underused. 人们对主要的镇痛药——如鸦片剂奥施康定——存在广泛的恐惧、误解,因此没有充分利用。 来自时文部分
    5 analgesics [ˌænəl'dʒi:zɪks] f0b518b9f904c9ad65ac822de28f1dac   第11级
    n.止痛剂,镇痛剂( analgesic的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • Management of lumbar strain includes analgesics and rest during the acute phase. 在急性期,腰部劳损的处理包括用止痛剂及休息,在床垫下面放置硬板。 来自互联网
    • I've taken a lot of analgesics. But they are not so effective. 我吃了不少镇痛药。促是效果不怎么好。 来自互联网
    6 addictive [əˈdɪktɪv] hJbyL   第9级
    adj.(吸毒等)使成瘾的,成为习惯的
    参考例句:
    • The problem with video game is that they're addictive. 电子游戏机的问题在于它们会使人上瘾。
    • Cigarettes are highly addictive. 香烟很容易使人上瘾。
    7 promising [ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ] BkQzsk   第7级
    adj.有希望的,有前途的
    参考例句:
    • The results of the experiments are very promising. 实验的结果充满了希望。
    • We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers. 我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。
    8 molecule [ˈmɒlɪkju:l] Y6Tzn   第7级
    n.分子,克分子
    参考例句:
    • A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hygrogen and one atom of oxygen. 一个水分子是由两个氧原子和一个氢原子组成的。
    • This gives us the structural formula of the molecule. 这种方式给出了分子的结构式。

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