父母经常说，别人家的孩子又考了多么高的分，来激励自己的孩子努力学习。但他们可能没有想到，自己的学业成绩也可能导致孩子承担心理的压力和痛苦。这种影响在男性身上体现得较为明显。

Failing to match the academic achievements of your parents can be as distressing² for men as a divorce, a study suggests.

研究显示，对男性来说，学业成绩比不上爸妈痛苦程度堪比离婚。

Researchers divided educational attainment³ into three categories – the top level equated⁴ to a degree, the middle to A-levels and the bottom to GCSEs or lower.

研究人员将受教育程度分为三类，第一类等同于获得学位，第二类相当于修完高中A-level课程，最后一类相当于拿到普通初级中学毕业文凭或者更低。

The levels reached by parents and their children were then compared with their psychological state.

研究人员随后将父母和子女的受教育程度与其心理状态进行对比。

The Oxford⁵ University researchers found that exceeding parents’ educational attainment was linked to decreased psychological distress¹ in men – but falling short was linked to an increase.

牛津大学的研究人员发现，超过父母的受教育程度能减少男性的心理痛苦，但不及父母的受教育程度则会增加心理痛苦。

However women did not appear to be affected⁶ by failing to keep up with their parents. The survey analysed results from more than 50,000 people in Britain and 27 other European countries.

然而女性似乎不会受到学业赶不上父母的影响。这项研究分析了来自英国和27个其他欧洲国家的超过5万人的调查结果。

Men whose educational status was at the bottom level and whose parents were at the top level were more than twice as likely to be among the 10 percent of most psychologically distressed⁷ people than those whose educational level matched their parents’.

自己的受教育程度垫底，而父母的受教育程度最高的男性成为心理最痛苦人群的可能性是与父母的受教育程度持平的男性的两倍多。心理最痛苦人群占总人口的10%。

study co-author Dr Alexi Gugushvili said the effect was comparable to the gap between those who were divorced and those who were not.

研究合著者之一亚力克西-古古什维利博士说，这堪比离异与否带给男性的心理差异。

But men whose educational status was at the top level and whose parents were at the bottom level were 50 percent less likely to be psychologically distressed than men whose level was the same as their parents’.

而自己的受教育程度最高，父母的受教育程度垫底的男性心理痛苦的可能性是与父母的受教育程度持平的男性的一半。

Dr Gugushvili said: ‘For men, parents’ educational achievement and intergenerational mobility⁸ retain an important influence on their psychological health after accounting⁹ for individuals’ social class and other explanations of distress, but no effect is observed for women’s distress.

古古什维利博士说：“对男性来说，父母的受教育程度和代际流动对其心理健康有重要影响，我们已经考虑到了个人的社会阶层和其他可能导致心理痛苦的因素。但在女性身上没有发现这种影响。”

‘The reason for this could be that men are more likely than women to attribute success and failure by pointing to their own merits, abilities and effort, rather than factors they have no control over.’

“原因可能是，男性比女性更容易把成败归因于个人的优点、能力和付出，而不是他们无法掌控的因素。”

Dr Gugushvili is due to present the findings at the British Sociological Association’s annual conference.

古古什维利博士将在英国社会学协会年度会议上公布他的这一发现。