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Art is a great thing. But it is not the greatest. The most important of all perceptions is the continual perception of cause and effect—in other words, the perception of the continuous development of the universe—in still other words, the perception of the course of evolution. When one has thoroughly2 got imbued3 into one's head the leading truth that nothing happens without a cause, one grows not only large-minded, but large-hearted.
It is hard to have one's watch stolen, but one reflects that the thief of the watch became a thief from causes of heredity and environment which are as interesting as they are scientifically comprehensible; and one buys another watch, if not with joy, at any rate with a philosophy that makes bitterness impossible. One loses, in the study of cause and effect, that absurd air which so many people have of being always shocked and pained by the curiousness of life. Such people live amid human nature as if human nature were a foreign country full of awful foreign customs. But, having reached maturity4, one ought surely to be ashamed of being a stranger in a strange land!
The study of cause and effect, while it lessens5 the painfulness of life, adds to life's picturesqueness6. The man to whom evolution is but a name looks at the sea as a grandiose8, monotonous9 spectacle, which he can witness in August for three shillings third-class return. The man who is imbued with the idea of development, of continuous cause and effect, perceives in the sea an element which in the day-before-yesterday of geology was vapour, which yesterday was boiling, and which to-morrow will inevitably10 be ice.
He perceives that a liquid is merely something on its way to be solid, and he is penetrated11 by a sense of the tremendous, changeful picturesqueness of life. Nothing will afford a more durable12 satisfaction than the constantly cultivated appreciation13 of this. It is the end of all science.
Cause and effect are to be found everywhere. Rents went up in Shepherd's Bush. It was painful and shocking that rents should go up in Shepherd's Bush. But to a certain point we are all scientific students of cause and effect, and there was not a clerk lunching at a Lyons Restaurant who did not scientifically put two and two together and see in the (once) Two-penny Tube the cause of an excessive demand for wigwams in Shepherd's Bush, and in the excessive demand for wigwams the cause of the increase in the price of wigwams.
"Simple!" you say, disdainfully. Everything—the whole complex movement of the universe—is as simple as that—when you can sufficiently14 put two and two together. And, my dear sir, perhaps you happen to be an estate15 agent's clerk, and you hate the arts, and you want to foster your immortal16 soul, and you can't be interested in your business because it's so humdrum.
Nothing is humdrum.
The tremendous, changeful picturesqueness of life is marvellously shown in an estate agent's office. What! There was a block of traffic in Oxford17 Street; to avoid the block people actually began to travel under the cellars and drains, and the result was a rise of rents in Shepherd's Bush! And you say that isn't picturesque7! Suppose you were to study, in this spirit, the property question in London for an hour and a half every other evening. Would it not give zest18 to your business, and transform your whole life?
You would arrive at more difficult problems. And you would be able to tell us why, as the natural result of cause and effect, the longest straight street in London is about a yard and a half in length, while the longest absolutely straight street in Paris extends for miles. I think you will admit that in an estate agent's clerk I have not chosen an example that specially19 favours my theories.
You are a bank clerk, and you have not read that breathless romance (disguised as a scientific study), Walter Bagehot's "Lombard Street"? Ah, my dear sir, if you had begun with that, and followed it up for ninety minutes every other evening, how enthralling20 your business would be to you, and how much more clearly you would understand human nature.
You are "penned in town," but you love excursions to the country and the observation of wild life—certainly a heart-enlarging diversion. Why don't you walk out of your house door, in your slippers21, to the nearest gas lamp of a night with a butterfly net, and observe the wild life of common and rare moths22 that is beating about it, and co-ordinate the knowledge thus obtained and build a superstructure on it, and at last get to know something about something?
You need not be devoted23 to the arts, not to literature, in order to live fully.
The whole field of daily habit and scene is waiting to satisfy that curiosity which means life, and the satisfaction of which means an understanding heart.
I promised to deal with your case, O man who hates art and literature, and I have dealt with it. I now come to the case of the person, happily very common, who does "like reading."
1 humdrum [ˈhʌmdrʌm] 第10级 | |
adj.单调的,乏味的 | |
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2 thoroughly [ˈθʌrəli] 第8级 | |
adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地 | |
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3 imbued [ɪmˈbju:d] 第11级 | |
v.使(某人/某事)充满或激起(感情等)( imbue的过去式和过去分词 );使充满;灌输;激发(强烈感情或品质等) | |
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4 maturity [məˈtʃʊərəti] 第7级 | |
n.成熟;完成;(支票、债券等)到期 | |
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5 lessens [ˈlesənz] 第7级 | |
变少( lessen的第三人称单数 ); 减少(某事物) | |
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6 picturesqueness [] 第8级 | |
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7 picturesque [ˌpɪktʃəˈresk] 第8级 | |
adj.美丽如画的,(语言)生动的,绘声绘色的 | |
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8 grandiose [ˈgrændiəʊs] 第10级 | |
adj.宏伟的,宏大的,堂皇的,铺张的 | |
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9 monotonous [məˈnɒtənəs] 第8级 | |
adj.单调的,一成不变的,使人厌倦的 | |
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10 inevitably [ɪnˈevɪtəbli] 第7级 | |
adv.不可避免地;必然发生地 | |
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11 penetrated ['penɪtreɪtɪd] 第7级 | |
adj. 击穿的,鞭辟入里的 动词penetrate的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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12 durable [ˈdjʊərəbl] 第7级 | |
adj.持久的,耐久的 | |
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13 appreciation [əˌpri:ʃiˈeɪʃn] 第7级 | |
n.评价;欣赏;感谢;领会,理解;价格上涨 | |
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14 sufficiently [sə'fɪʃntlɪ] 第8级 | |
adv.足够地,充分地 | |
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15 estate [ɪˈsteɪt] 第7级 | |
n.所有地,地产,庄园;住宅区;财产,资产 | |
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16 immortal [ɪˈmɔ:tl] 第7级 | |
adj.不朽的;永生的,不死的;神的 | |
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17 Oxford ['ɒksfəd] 第8级 | |
n.牛津(英国城市) | |
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18 zest [zest] 第9级 | |
n.乐趣;滋味,风味;兴趣 | |
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19 specially [ˈspeʃəli] 第7级 | |
adv.特定地;特殊地;明确地 | |
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20 enthralling [ɪn'θrɔ:lɪŋ] 第10级 | |
迷人的 | |
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21 slippers ['slɪpəz] 第7级 | |
n. 拖鞋 | |
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