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当前位置:首页 -> 12级英语阅读 - > 喜马拉雅山还会“长高”吗
喜马拉雅山还会“长高”吗
添加时间:2014-07-23 15:59:40 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • Will the Himalaya Mountains, home to the world's highest peaks, continue to push up into the sky in future? Some Chinese scientists say no.

    The Himalayas may have reached their highest altitude and in the centuries to come may even shrink a little, said Bian Qiantao, a researcher with the Institute of Geology and Geophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

    Located on the southern rim1 of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Himalaya Mountains form an arc protruding2 southward. The main part of the range lies in China. "Himalaya" means "abode3 of snow" in Tibetan. The average height of these mountains is more than 6,000 metres.

    Scientists believe that 65 million years ago, the Indian Plate moving north collided with the Eurasian Plate , and the upheaval4 saw the emergence5 of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as well as the Himalayas.

    "Friction6 between the tectonic plates continues to this day, gradually pushing the Himalayas upward," said Bian.

    "But at the same time, a horizontal pulling power inside the lower continental7 crust and mantle8 of the earth counteracts9 this upward movement," said Bian.

    According to measurements made by scientists in 2005, the altitude of Mount Qomolangma is 8844.43 metres, 3.70 metres lower than the figure obtained in 1975.

    The result suggests that the Himalayas and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau will not continue to move up indefinitely. After growing to a certain height, the effect of gravity and collision-generated extrusion10 will make them grow wider, but not higher, Bian said.

    拥有世界最高峰的喜马拉雅山还将继续“长高”吗?我国一些科学家认为“不会”。

    中科院地质与地球物理研究院的研究员边千韬说,喜马拉雅山已基本达到最高点,在未来几个世纪内,甚至可能会有所下降。

    喜马拉雅山位于青藏高原南侧,呈向南突出的弧形,山脉的主要部分位于中国境内。“喜马拉雅”在藏语中是“冰雪之乡”的意思。喜马拉雅山的平均高度在6000米以上。

    科学界普遍认为,青藏高原和喜马拉雅山是6500万年前向北漂移的印度板块与欧亚板块相撞而形成的。

    边教授说:“这两个板块之间的摩擦仍在继续,在这种力量的作用下,喜马拉雅山一直在慢慢升高。”

    “但同时,从下地壳一直到地幔上部在产生一种东西拉张的力量,这种拉力对喜马拉雅山的继续升高起到了阻碍作用。”

    2005年,科学家测出珠穆朗玛峰的海拔为8844.43米,比1975年低3.7米。

    测量结果表明,喜马拉雅山和青藏高原不会无限升高。边教授说,喜马拉雅山达到一定高度后,在重力和由板块碰撞产生的挤压力的作用下,山脉会向外扩展,而不会持续增高。

     12级    英文科普 


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    1 rim [rɪm] RXSxl   第7级
    n.(圆物的)边,轮缘;边界
    参考例句:
    • The water was even with the rim of the basin. 盆里的水与盆边平齐了。
    • She looked at him over the rim of her glass. 她的目光越过玻璃杯的边沿看着他。
    2 protruding [prə'tru:diŋ] e7480908ef1e5355b3418870e3d0812f   第8级
    v.(使某物)伸出,(使某物)突出( protrude的现在分词 );凸
    参考例句:
    • He hung his coat on a nail protruding from the wall. 他把上衣挂在凸出墙面的一根钉子上。
    • There is a protruding shelf over a fireplace. 壁炉上方有个突出的架子。 来自辞典例句
    3 abode [əˈbəʊd] hIby0   第10级
    n.住处,住所
    参考例句:
    • It was ten months before my father discovered his abode. 父亲花了十个月的功夫,才好不容易打听到他的住处。
    • Welcome to our humble abode! 欢迎光临寒舍!
    4 upheaval [ʌpˈhi:vl] Tp6y1   第10级
    n.胀起,(地壳)的隆起;剧变,动乱
    参考例句:
    • It was faced with the greatest social upheaval since World War Ⅱ. 它面临第二次世界大战以来最大的社会动乱。
    • The country has been thrown into an upheaval. 这个国家已经陷入动乱之中。
    5 emergence [ɪ'mɜ:dʒəns] 5p3xr   第8级
    n.浮现,显现,出现,(植物)突出体
    参考例句:
    • The last decade saw the emergence of a dynamic economy. 最近10年见证了经济增长的姿态。
    • Language emerges and develops with the emergence and development of society. 语言是随着社会的产生而产生,随着社会的发展而发展的。
    6 friction [ˈfrɪkʃn] JQMzr   第7级
    n.摩擦,摩擦力
    参考例句:
    • When Joan returned to work, the friction between them increased. 琼回来工作后,他们之间的摩擦加剧了。
    • Friction acts on moving bodies and brings them to a stop. 摩擦力作用于运动着的物体,并使其停止。
    7 continental [ˌkɒntɪˈnentl] Zazyk   第8级
    adj.大陆的,大陆性的,欧洲大陆的
    参考例句:
    • A continental climate is different from an insular one. 大陆性气候不同于岛屿气候。
    • The most ancient parts of the continental crust are 4000 million years old. 大陆地壳最古老的部分有40亿年历史。
    8 mantle [ˈmæntl] Y7tzs   第9级
    n.斗篷,覆罩之物,罩子;vt.&vi.罩住,覆盖,脸红
    参考例句:
    • The earth had donned her mantle of brightest green. 大地披上了苍翠欲滴的绿色斗篷。
    • The mountain was covered with a mantle of snow. 山上覆盖着一层雪。
    9 counteracts [ˌkauntəˈrækts] 63ce8aebfaf0be5708aafd06ca84b3c1   第9级
    对抗,抵消( counteract的第三人称单数 )
    参考例句:
    • The drug counteracts the effects of the poison. 这种药可抵消毒物的作用。
    • Offset Something that balances, counteracts, or compensates the effects of another thing. 弥补用来平衡、抵消或偿还另一财物的东西。
    10 extrusion [ɪk'stru:ʒn] b8d9085d12342817121834d3a0b7e4a6   第12级
    n.挤出;推出;喷出;赶出
    参考例句:
    • The dough was formed into tubular grains by extrusion. 药团通过挤压而成管状药。 来自辞典例句
    • Some other materials are added to facilitate extrusion and other manufacturing operations. 添加其它的一些物质是为了使挤压和别的加工过程更为方便。 来自辞典例句

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