Whether it's a popstar or a friend - you're unlikely to bat an eyelid¹ if they snap and post a picture of themselves online。

我们显然已经厌倦了网上的那些自拍照，无论它来自巨星还是朋友。

But people who share lots of selfies are displaying psychopathic traits, according to a new study。

然而，一项新的研究显示，沉迷于自拍的人有精神病患特征。

It found that men who regularly post selfies on sites such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram,are more likely to be narcissistic², impulsive³ and display other characteristics, such as a lack of empathy。

研究发现，与其他人相比，经常在网站上(例如Facebook, Twitter 和Instagram)上传自拍照的男性更容易自恋、冲动，同时也表现出其他特征，例如同情心缺乏。

Researchers also revealed that self-objectification may be a bigger problem for men than previously⁴ thought,with many taking the time and effort to edit and improve their selfies, beforeposting them online。

此外，研究者也发现，自我客观化的后果比我们之前想象的更加严重，在上传照片之前，自拍者往往会花费很多时间和精力去美化他们的自拍。

Psychologists from Ohio State University found that men who posted selfies regularly, scored higher than average for levels of anti-social traits。

来自美国俄亥俄州立大学的心理学家发现，经常上传自拍照的男性更易具有反社会特征。

For example, men who doctor their images to improve their appearance, show signs of narcissism⁵ and self-objectification,said assistant professor of communication Jesse Fox。

例如，经常反复修改照片的人会有自恋和自我客观化的倾向，助理教授Jesse Fox说。

Narcissism is most commonly associated with vanity but as a psychological flaw, relates to a feeling of being more intelligent, attractive and better than others, according to the study published in the journal, Personality and Individual Differences.

人们常常把自恋和虚荣联系在一起，然而根据已发表的文章《性格和个体差异》(Personality and Individual Differences)，作为一种心理缺陷，自恋意味着攀比，比别人更聪明、更迷人和更优秀。

Men who put their pictures online as soon as they can are more likely to show signs of psychopathy,which is defined as having a lack of empathy or regard to others and impulsiveness⁶。

只要有机会就上传自拍照的男性更容易有患精神病倾向：缺乏同情心、缺乏对别人的尊重以及冲动。

Professor Fox explained: ‘Psychopathy is characterised by impulsivity⁷. They are going to snap the photos and put them online right away。

Fox教授解释道：“精神病的表现之一就是冲动。他们会迅速自拍然后上传”，

‘They want to see themselves. They don’t want to spend time editing.’

“他们希望在网上看到自己，并且不希望花太多时间修改”。

To come to their conclusions, the researchers surveyed 800 men aged⁸ between 18 and 40 about their social media output, as well as giving them psychological questionnaires to establish personality traits。

在得出结论之前，研究者调查了800名18到40岁之间的男性，包括他们在社交媒体上的记录以及有关个性特征的心理问卷。

The survey asked them how often they post pictures on sites like Instagram and Twitter and whether they Photoshop their selfies first。

调查询问他们每隔多长时间会上传一次照片，以及他们是否会首先PS他们的照片。

Professor Fox said: ‘It’s not surprising that men who post a lot of selfies and spend moretime editing them are more narcissistic。

Fox教授说：“喜欢上传自拍和花费大量时间修照的人无疑更加自恋”，

自我客观化

‘The more interesting finding is that they also score higher on this other anti-social personality trait, psychopathy, and are more prone⁹ to self-objectification。

“但更有趣的是他们更易具有反社会倾向、更易患有精神病、更易自我客观化”，

‘Most people don’tthink that men even do that sort of thing, but they definitely do.'

“大部分人不认为男性会做这样的事，但事实却相反”。

She warned that such behaviour can lead to further problems。

她希望人们能够警惕这种行为，因为它们可能引起一系列问题。

‘We know that self-objectification leads to a lot of terrible things, like depression and eating disorders¹⁰ in women。

“我们知道自我客观化会带来很多严重后果，例如，女性就会沮丧和饮食混乱”，

‘With the growing use of social networks, everyone is more concerned with their appearance。

“随着社交网络的流行，每个人都越来越关注他们的外表”，

‘That means self-objectification may become a bigger problem for men, as well as for women.’

“这将意味着客观自我化会是一个很严重的问题，无论是对于男性还是女性”。