北京大学

基本概况

北京大学是一所以文理教学和研究为主的综合性全国重点大学，是国家首批“211工程”建设的高校。北京大学创办于1898年11月，初名京师大学堂，是第一所国立综合性大学，当时既是

中国的最高学府，也是中国最高的教行政机关。1912年5月，京师大学堂改名北京大学，著名的教育家、启蒙思想家严复出任北京大学第一任校长。1916年12月，著名的科学家、教育家主

革命家蔡元培先生出任校长，对学校的改革和发展发挥了积极的作用。北京大学位于北京西郊海淀区的东北部占地2 661 581平方米。北京大学校园又称燕园，与圆明园、颐和园相毗邻。 北京大学具有光荣的革命传统，作为新文化运动的中心和中国最早传播马克思主义和民主科学思想的发祥地，1919年的反帝反封建主义的“五四”运动就是从北大点燃。中国共产党的创始人陈独秀、李大钊、毛泽东以及著名作家、思想家、中国新文化运动的领导人鲁迅等一批杰出人才都曾在北京大学任职或任教。新中国成立后，为了继承“五四”运动的革命传统，学校决定每年的5月4日为北京大学的成立纪念日 北京大学现有教职工4 574人，其中中国科学院院士49名、中国工程院院士8名、第三世界科学院院士9名、"9项目”首席科学家14人、长江特聘教授}7人、2 691名教授或副教授(其中博士生导师1 287名)。北京大学有29 617名各类在校学生，其中普通本科学生14 240人、硕士生8 498人、博士生234人，1 776名留学生。共有5个学部、45个院系、271个研究所(中心),16个一国家重点实验室、18个附属和教学医院;102个本科专业、4个第二学士学位专业、221个硕士点、199个博士点、81个全国重点学科、35个博士后科研流动站。北京大学的中科院院士、"973项目”首席科学家、教授、博士生导师、长江学者以及国家重点学科、重点实验室的数目，均居全国高等院校之首。

Peking University

General Information

Peking University is a national key comprehensive teaching and research orientated¹ university emphasizing the liberal arts and science，and is also one of the first group of universities aamitted to "project 211".peking the former Jing Shi Da Xue Tan(the Metropolitan² University)of the Qing Dynasty，opened in December 1898 .The Metropolitan University was the most prestigious³ institution of higher learning but also the highest administrative⁴ organization of education in China. In May 1912，the Metropolitan University was renamed“Peking University".Mr. Yan Fu，an outstanding educationist philosopher，was chosen as the first president.In December 1916,its presidency⁵ was taken up by Mr. Cai Yuanpei，an outstanding scientist educationist and democratic revolutionary who played an active role in the reform and development of the university Peking University is situated⁶ at the northeast of the Haidian District at the western suburbs of Beijing with an area of 2661581 m2.the campus is known as“YanYuan the gardens of Yan. It stands near the Yuan Ming Gardens and the Summer Palace. Peking University has a glorious revolutionary tradition。In 1919，the anti-impe-rialist and anti-feudal May 4th Movement was initiated⁷ from the university，which had been the Centre of the Chinese New-Culture Movement and the earliest basefor the dissemination⁸ of Marxism in China. Chen Duxiu，Li Dazhao and Mao Ze-dong，founders of the Chinese communist Party，as well as Lu Xun，a great writer，thinker

and chief leader of the Chinese New-Culture Movement，all either taught or held offices in the university. In order to carry on the revolutionary tradition of the May 4th Movement，the university decided，after the new China was founded，that the 4th of May be set as the date on which to celebrate the anniversary of the founding of the university. Peking University has 4574 faculty⁹ and

staff，including 49 academicians of theChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and 8 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Engineering(CAE)，9 academicians of the Third World Academy of Sciences，14 chief scientists of“Project 973”，57 special professorsof“Cheungkong Scholars Program”and 2 691 full or associate professors (including 1287 doctoral supervisors).Peking University has a total enrolment of 29 617 students of all kinds including 14 240 undergraduates，8 498 master candidates，4 234 doctoral candidates and 1 776 foreign students. The university comprises 5 councils，45 colleges and departments，271 institutes(research centers)，16 state key labs，18 affiliated¹⁰ and teaching hospitals. It has 102 specialties¹¹ for undergraduates，4 specialties for the Second Bachelor's degree，221 specialties for Master candidates and 199 specialties for Doctoral candidates，81 state key disciplines and 3S post-doctor stations.Peking University ranks first in the number of the academicians of CAS，chief scientists，professors，doctorate tutors and Chang Jiang scholars as well as the number of state key disciplines and labs.