How to Escape from"Colour Blind" Sharks

怎样逃过色盲鳖鱼的眼睛

Wearing a light blue wetsuit that matches the colour of the sea will make you less likely to become the victim of a shark attack, according to researchers.

据研究人员称，身穿浅蓝色潜水衣与海的颜色相匹配，会让你成为受重鱼攻击的受害者的可能性更小。科学家称，鳖鱼是完全色盲，只看得清特别亮或特别暗的物体。

Sharks are completely colour blind and only see things clearly if they are mostly light or dark, scientists have claimed. In a breakthrough that could prove hugely beneficial to divers¹ navigating² shark-filled waters, scientists found that the predator-like dolphins, seals and whales-is unable to distinguish between colours. Costumes or wetsuits that camouflage³ swimmers' bodies in the sea water are less likely to draw a shark's attention than ones with bright, solid colours than emphasise⁴ their outline.

一个巨大的研究突破，给在重鱼众多的水域潜水的人带来好消息。科学家发现食肉动物，像海豚、海豹和鲸是无法分辨颜色的。科学家建议，倘若要拍摄鳖鱼在海中生活情况，不要穿在海中"强调身体曲线"颜色的泳衣，如深色、亮色这样的泳衣尽量都要避免。要很好地伪装自己，只要穿连体的和海水相似颜色的泳衣就可以了。

Professor Nathan Hart, from the University of Western Australia, said: "It's the high contrast against the water rather than the colour itself which is probably attractive to sharks." So you should wear perhaps more muted colours or colours that match the background in the water better.

西澳大利亚大学的哈特教授说这是对水的高对比度，而不是颜色本身可能吸引鳖鱼。"所以你应该穿更柔和的色彩，或与水中背景颜色相匹。

The researchers examined the eyes of dead sharks and found they had only one type of photoreceptor in the retina, indicating they could only see in monochrome. Humans, and most other fish, have several types, allowing them to distinguish between colours. The U.S. Navy has conducted tests that suggested sharks were able to see yellow most clearly. The tests had been to see what would be the best colour for the lifejackes that pilots wear in case they have to eject and splash down in the ocean.

研究人员检查了死重鱼的眼睛，发现他们只有一个类型的视网膜感光细胞，这表示他们只能看到单色。人类和大多数其他鱼，有多种类型使它们能够分辨颜色。美海军已进行的测试表明鳖鱼最能清楚地看到黄色。飞行员在必要的情况下身着救生衣跳入海中，这些试验是为了探究救生衣的最佳颜色。

Professor Hart said it was more the high contrast of yellow, not the colour itself, that would increase the visibility for sharks. He said: "It may be possible to design swimming attire⁵ and surf craft that have a lower visual contrast to sharks and are therefore less attractive to them." The study by researchers at the University of Western Australia and the University of Queensland, is to be published in the German nature journal Naturwissenschafte (Science of Nature).

哈特教授说，是黄色的高对比度提高了监鱼的可见度，而不是颜色本身。他说:"很可能会设计游泳服装和冲浪板有更低的视觉对比度，因此被重鱼发现的可能性也更低。"西澳大利大学亚和昆士兰大学学者们的研究，将要在德国自然杂志哲学社会科学版出版。