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当前位置:首页 -> 12级英语阅读 - > 中国历史名人:项羽
中国历史名人:项羽
添加时间:2015-09-02 19:09:50 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • Xiang Yu (232 B. C.~202 B. C.), was a Chinese general and leader of the rebel forces that overthrew1 the Qin Dynasty.

    项羽(公元前232年~公元前202年),楚国名将,推翻秦朝的起义军领袖。

    He was the principal contestant2 for control of China with Liu Bang, the founder3 of the Han Dynasty.

    在角逐统治中国的权力的时候,项羽是汉朝开国皇帝刘邦的主要竞争对手。

    Xiana Yu's defeat signaled the end of the old aristocratic ruling in China.

    项羽的失败意味着中国贵族统治的结束。

    Xiang Yu was a member of a prominent family in Chu, one of the Chinese states absorbed by the Qin Dynasty when it united China and abolished the small feudal5 kingdoms into which the country had been divided.

    项羽出身于楚国贵族家庭。秦朝统一中国之时吞并了很多封建小国,楚国就是其中一个。

    When rebellions erupted against the Dynasty, Xiang Yu joined the Ch'u armies led by his uncle, eventually succeeding him as supreme6 commander.

    反秦起义爆发后,项羽参加了他叔叔领导的楚军,最后继承他的位置成了最高统帅。

    Xiang Yu's forces captured the Qin capital and executed the last Qin emperor.

    项羽军队占领了秦都,处死了秦朝最后一个皇帝。

    Xiang Yu then attempted to restore the earlier ruling system. He gave the title of emperor to a member of the former imperial family of the state of Ch'u and divided the country among the various insurgent7 generals, making each a ruler of one of the old royal houses.

    那时项羽试图恢复原来的统治体系,拥原来楚国的一位王室成员为帝,并且割地封王。

    Hsiang Yu took the old territory of Ch'u and reserved for himself the title of hegemon king.

    项羽自立为西楚霸王,取原楚国领地。

    Soon, however, he had the emperor executed, thus precipitating8 a struggle for supremacy9 with his rival generals, the foremost of whom was Liu Bang, who had been given control of western China.

    但是,不久项羽就处死了皇帝,引发了他与竞争对手之间的霸权争夺斗争。项羽最重要的竞争对手,是当时统治着中国西部的刘邦。

    Of peasant origin, Liu was a blunt, crude man but one who knew how to win the hearts of the people.

    刘邦是农民出身,虽然粗鲁但是知道如何获得人心。

    He had gradually eliminated his rivals in the west and consolidated10 his position. Hsiang Yü, by contrast, epitomized the aristocrat4.

    刘邦已经逐渐除去了他西部的竞争对手,巩固了自己的地位,相比而言项羽却是典型的贵族。

    He was tall and muscular, a poet and an educated man, and a superb military tactician11; yet he lacked the personal magnetism12 to gain and hold the loyalty13 of the common people.

    项羽长得高大强壮,是个很有教养的诗人,还是一个极好的军事战略家,但是他却缺乏获得人心的个人魅力。

    The truce14 that the two rivals for power concluded was violated almost immediately by Liu Bang, who also repeatedly declined Xiang Yu's offers to settle their conflict in hand-to-hand combat.

    停战协议签订完毕,刘邦几乎马上就把它抛到脑后。刘邦还一次又一次地拒绝项羽通过自刃战解决问题的提议。

    In 202 Xiang Yü's forces were overwhelmed, and he chose suicide rather than capture.

    202年,项羽战败,但宁死不降。

    His heroism15, especially during the final battle, has been glorified16 in Chinese stories and poetries.

    项羽的英雄气概,特别是最后决战时期表现出来的,在中国故事和诗歌中得到赞誉。

     12级    双语 


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    1 overthrew [ˌəʊvə'θru:] dd5ffd99a6b4c9da909dc8baf50ba04a   第7级
    overthrow的过去式
    参考例句:
    • The people finally rose up and overthrew the reactionary regime. 人们终于起来把反动的政权推翻了。
    • They overthrew their King. 他们推翻了国王。
    2 contestant [kənˈtestənt] qp9zR   第10级
    n.竞争者,参加竞赛者
    参考例句:
    • The company will furnish each contestant with a free ticket. 公司将为每个参赛者免费提供一张票。
    • The personal appearance and interview of the contestant is another count. 参加比赛者的个人仪表和谈话也是一项。
    3 Founder [ˈfaʊndə(r)] wigxF   第8级
    n.创始者,缔造者
    参考例句:
    • He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school. 他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
    • According to the old tradition, Romulus was the founder of Rome. 按照古老的传说,罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。
    4 aristocrat [ˈærɪstəkræt] uvRzb   第8级
    n.贵族,有贵族气派的人,上层人物
    参考例句:
    • He was the quintessential English aristocrat. 他是典型的英国贵族。
    • He is an aristocrat to the very marrow of his bones. 他是一个道道地地的贵族。
    5 feudal [ˈfju:dl] cg1zq   第8级
    adj.封建的,封地的,领地的
    参考例句:
    • Feudal rulers ruled over the country several thousand years. 封建统治者统治这个国家几千年。
    • The feudal system lasted for two thousand years in China. 封建制度在中国延续了两千年之久。
    6 supreme [su:ˈpri:m] PHqzc   第7级
    adj.极度的,最重要的;至高的,最高的
    参考例句:
    • It was the supreme moment in his life. 那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
    • He handed up the indictment to the supreme court. 他把起诉书送交最高法院。
    7 insurgent [ɪnˈsɜ:dʒənt] V4RyP   第10级
    adj.叛乱的,起事的;n.叛乱分子
    参考例句:
    • Faruk says they are threatened both by insurgent and government forces. 法鲁克说,他们受到暴乱分子和政府军队的双重威胁。
    • The insurgent mob assembled at the gate of the city park. 叛变的暴徒聚在市立公园的门口。
    8 precipitating [prɪ'sɪpɪteɪtɪŋ] 35f8964c090ad458c8170c63da35137f   第7级
    adj.急落的,猛冲的v.(突如其来地)使发生( precipitate的现在分词 );促成;猛然摔下;使沉淀
    参考例句:
    • Precipitating electrode plate is a key part in electrostatic precipitation equipment. 静电收尘板是静电收尘设备中的关键部件。 来自互联网
    • The precipitation bond adopts a sloped tube to enhance the precipitating efficiency. 沉淀池采用斜管,提高了沉降效率。 来自互联网
    9 supremacy [su:ˈpreməsi] 3Hzzd   第10级
    n.至上;至高权力
    参考例句:
    • No one could challenge her supremacy in gymnastics. 她是最优秀的体操运动员,无人能胜过她。
    • Theoretically, she holds supremacy as the head of the state. 从理论上说,她作为国家的最高元首拥有至高无上的权力。
    10 consolidated [kən'sɔlideitid] dv3zqt   第7级
    a.联合的
    参考例句:
    • With this new movie he has consolidated his position as the country's leading director. 他新执导的影片巩固了他作为全国最佳导演的地位。
    • Those two banks have consolidated and formed a single large bank. 那两家银行已合并成一家大银行。
    11 tactician [tæk'tiʃən] 4gvzsk   第8级
    n. 战术家, 策士
    参考例句:
    • This was why an airport manager needed to be a tactician as well as versatile administrator. 因此,一个空港经理必须既是一个计谋家,又是一个能应付各种情况的行政管理家。
    • The skillful tactician may be likened to the shuai-jan. 故善用兵者,譬如率然。
    12 magnetism [ˈmægnətɪzəm] zkxyW   第7级
    n.磁性,吸引力,磁学,吸引力
    参考例句:
    • We know about magnetism by the way magnets act. 我们通过磁铁的作用知道磁性是怎么一回事。
    • His success showed his magnetism of courage and devotion. 他的成功表现了他的胆量和热诚的魅力。
    13 loyalty [ˈlɔɪəlti] gA9xu   第7级
    n.忠诚,忠心
    参考例句:
    • She told him the truth from a sense of loyalty. 她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。
    • His loyalty to his friends was never in doubt. 他对朋友的一片忠心从来没受到怀疑。
    14 truce [tru:s] EK8zr   第10级
    n.休战,(争执,烦恼等的)缓和;v.以停战结束
    参考例句:
    • The hot weather gave the old man a truce from rheumatism. 热天使这位老人暂时免受风湿病之苦。
    • She had thought of flying out to breathe the fresh air in an interval of truce. 她想跑出去呼吸一下休战期间的新鲜空气。
    15 heroism [ˈherəʊɪzəm] 5dyx0   第8级
    n.大无畏精神,英勇
    参考例句:
    • He received a medal for his heroism. 他由于英勇而获得一枚奖章。
    • Stories of his heroism resounded through the country. 他的英雄故事传遍全国。
    16 glorified [ˈglɔ:rɪfaɪd] 74d607c2a7eb7a7ef55bda91627eda5a   第8级
    美其名的,变荣耀的
    参考例句:
    • The restaurant was no more than a glorified fast-food cafe. 这地方美其名曰餐馆,其实只不过是个快餐店而已。
    • The author glorified the life of the peasants. 那个作者赞美了农民的生活。

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