We all probably know someone who is allergic¹ to pollen² or dust, but what about cold weather or even underwear? Indeed, various unusual allergies³ exist, and some of them can be dangerous. Allergist Tim Mainardi sat down with FoxNews.com to discuss some of these allergens, as well as their effects and how to treat them.

我们也许都知道有人对花粉过敏，有人对灰尘过敏，但你知道有人对冷空气甚至内裤过敏吗？事实上，生活中有各种罕见的过敏现象，有些还很危险。过敏症专科医师蒂姆·梅娜迪莅临福克斯新闻频道，向大家介绍一些过敏原及其影响和治疗方法。

Cold weather: Dr. Mainardi said this allergy⁴ is fairly common. It's a type of physical urticaria, which is a fancy word for hives. Hives are caused by the release of histamines, which is why people generally take an antihistamine⁵ when they break out. Dr. Mainardi said hands are typically the body part that's most vulnerable to this allergen. "Holding onto cold drinks, you develop hives where the cold has touched them." To treat a cold-weather allergy, Mainardi recommended taking an antihistamine.

冷空气过敏：梅娜迪医生表示，对冷空气的过敏相当普遍，它实际上是一种荨麻疹，说好听点是物理性风团。荨麻疹是由组胺的释放所致。组胺释放的时候，人们需要服用抗组胺剂。梅娜迪医生表示，人的双手最容易受到冷空气过敏原的攻击。"如果你手里拿着冷饮，接触冷饮的地方就会出现荨麻疹症状。" 梅娜迪医生建议，治疗冷空气过敏的方法就是服用抗组胺剂。

Exercise: An allergy to exercise can be dangerous and scary, Dr. Mainardi said. It usually affects people ages 15 to 45. During exercise, a person can feel warmth then break out in hives. The reaction can become systemic, and the person can then develop true anaphylaxis. The attack usually is associated with consumption of certain foods. Decades ago, eating shellfish and exercising shortly after commonly triggered the reaction, but now it's more common to see anaphylaxis with consumption of wheat. "Anybody who has this has to be very careful about any type of strenuous⁶ activity," Mainardi said. If you suffer from an allergy to exercise, see an allergist who can help prescribe medication and a treatment plan so you can continue to work out.

运动过敏：梅娜迪医生表示，运动过敏既危险又可怕。运动过敏患者通常是15到45岁。运动的时候，有人可能会体温上升，之后爆发荨麻疹。荨麻疹的症状会遍及全身，引发真正的过敏症。荨麻疹的爆发通常与食用某些食物有关。几十年前，食用甲壳类动物之后马上运动通常会引起荨麻疹的爆发，但现在过敏往往是由食用小麦而致。梅娜迪医生说："荨麻疹患者要谨慎从事任何形式的剧烈运动。"如果运动过敏，你就要去找过敏症专科医师开药并制定治疗计划。只有这样，你才能继续锻炼。

Underwear: An allergy to underwear is a contact dermatitis, or an itchy rash. People can be allergic to fabrics⁸, dyes, chemicals and preservatives⁹ in clothes— like latex, which is commonly found in the waistbands of underwear. The best way to combat this allergy is to find organic replacements¹⁰. For instance, latex-free clothes that use lycra are usually hypoallergenic. As far as the fabric⁷ itself, Dr. Mainardi said some companies make organic clothing and that "natural fibers¹¹ like cotton are the best."

内裤过敏：对内裤过敏是一种接触性皮炎，或是一种发痒性皮疹。人们可能会对衣物中的纤维、染料、化学制品和防腐剂过敏——比如乳胶，内裤的束腰带中通常含有乳胶。治疗内裤过敏最好的方法是找到有机的替代品。比如，不含乳胶的莱卡衣物的过敏性较低。梅娜迪医生说："有些公司制作有机衣物。在所有面料中，棉布等天然纤维是最好的选择。"

If you believe you have an allergy, consult a doctor before taking any treatment.

如果你觉得自己对某些东西过敏，接受治疗之前一定要去咨询一下医生。