China will put into space five new satellites within about five years as part of the country's fast-expanding space science program, a national science chief said.

近日，一位国家级科学主任表示，我国计划在未来5年左右的时间里发射5颗新卫星，作为我国迅速壮大的空间科学项目的一部分。

The five satellites, including a Sino-European joint mission known as SMILE, will focus on observation of solar activities and their impact on Earth's environment and space weather, analysis of water recycling and probing of black holes, according to Wu Ji, director of the National Space Science Center under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). They should make major breakthroughs in these fields.

中国科学院国家空间科学中心主任吴季介绍，这5颗卫星将主要用于观察太阳活动及其对地球环境和空间天气的影响、分析水循环变化和探索黑洞。这些卫星应该会在这些领域取得重大突破。

Of the five satellites, SMILE, or "Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer," is set to blast off in 2021. The satellite is designed to study the effects of the sun on Earth's environment and space weather by creating images of the interactions between solar winds and Earth's magnetosphere with X-ray and ultraviolet technology.

在这五颗卫星中，被称为SMILE，或是“太阳风—磁层相互作用全景成像卫星计划”，计划将于2021年发射。这颗卫星是通过X射线和紫外线技术，完成太阳风和磁层相互作用全景成像，以此来研究太阳活动对地球环境和空间天气的影响。

MIT, the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Coupling Exploration, aims at investigating the origin of upflow ions and their acceleration¹ mechanism² and discovering the key mechanism for the magnetosphere, ionosphere and thermosphere coupling.

MIT卫星，即磁层－电离层－热层耦合小卫星星座探测计划，目标是对上流式离子的起源和加速机制进行研究，并探索磁层、电离层、热层耦合的关键机制。

And WCOM, the Water Cycle Observation Mission, is a bid to better understand Earth's water cycle.

而WCOM卫星，即全球水循环观测卫星，致力于更好地理解地球水循环。

The other two satellites are the Advanced Space-borne Solar Observatory³ (ASO-S) and the Einstein-Probe. The former will help scientists understand the causality among magnetic fields, flares⁴ and coronal mass ejections, while the latter is tasked with discovering quiescent⁵ black holes over all astrophysical mass ranges.

其他两个卫星是先进天基太阳天文台和爱因斯坦探针。前者将帮助科学家了解太阳耀斑、日冕物质抛射与太阳磁场之间的因果关系。而后者的任务是探索所有天体尺度范围上的静态黑洞。

Although the missions sound remote from ordinary people, Wu Ji insisted they are of imperative⁶ importance for space science and improving lives.

虽然这些任务对普通人来说非常遥远，但吴季坚称它们对空间科学和改善人类生活极其重要。

He said aside from the five new satellites, the CAS is also preparing for future space exploration attempts during the 14th Five Year Plan (2021-2025).

他表示，除了这5颗卫星，中科院也在为"十四五"规划(2021-2025年)期间的未来空间探索工作做准备。