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当前位置:首页 -> 10级英语阅读 - > 化妆品威胁着海洋生物的生存
化妆品威胁着海洋生物的生存
添加时间:2016-09-28 12:27:57 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • Your morning routine may go as follows: have breakfast, brush teeth, shower, then head out to start your day.

    早上起来,你可能会先吃个早饭,然后再刷牙、洗澡、出门开始新的一天。

    But there’s a hidden step in there you may not be aware of – polluting the ocean and endangering sea life while *contaminating the food chain.

    但是,你可能并没有意识到,你清晨的一个小习惯,正在污染着海洋,威胁着海洋生物的生存,甚至破坏着整个食物链。

    *Microbeads are *miniscule pieces of plastic omnipresent in our everyday cosmetics3 that you may have never paid much attention to up until now.

    微珠是一些非常小的塑料碎片,它在我们每天都用的化妆品中无处不在。或许直到现在,你都没有注意到它的存在。

    From face *scrubs, *exfoliating shower gels and even toothpaste, there’s no escaping them.

    从脸部磨砂膏、去角质沐浴露、甚至是牙膏,到处都有它们的身影。

    But while they may help keep our skin and teeth looking good, many species of sea life are mistaking the tiny colorful balls for food, ending up with them in their *digestive systems.

    尽管它们让我们的皮肤和牙齿看起来很棒,但许多海洋生物却将这些微小的彩色颗粒误以为是食物并将其吞下,进入它们的消化系统。

    We find pieces of plastic in every sample of seawater we study from round the world, professor Tamara Galloway of Exeter University told the BBC.

    我们在世界各地的海水样本中都找到了这些塑料碎片,英国埃克塞特大学的塔玛拉•加洛威教授向BBC表示。

    What makes this even more worrying is that plastic is known to be excellent at absorbing toxic5 pollutants6 in water – such as motor oil or *pesticides – and it’s thought that these toxins7 could be making their way up the food chain and eventually onto our plates.

    更加令人担忧的是,我们都知道,塑料十分易于吸收水中的有毒污染物——如机油和杀虫剂等——而有人认为这些毒素可以因此进入食物链,最终出现在我们的餐桌上。

    An average plate of oysters8 could contain up to 50 plastic particles.

    平均一盘牡蛎可能就含有50个塑料颗粒。

    We don’t have any evidence yet for the harm this might cause but most people would probably prefer not to be eating microbeads with their food, Galloway explains.

    尽管目前为止没有证据表明这些颗粒会对人体有害,但大多数人都不会选择食用含有微珠的食物,加洛威解释道。

    A number of countries have announced they will ban microbeads, including the UK and the US, but campaigners say that more still needs to be done to completely rid Earth of the tiny grains of plastic for good.

    包括英国和美国在内的一些国家已经宣布将禁用微珠。但倡议者们认为,要想让这些塑料颗粒在地球上完全消失,还有许多工作要做。

    There’s a load of products containing microbeads – like washing detergents9 and other household products – which might not be banned.

    市面上有大量包含微珠的产品——如清洁剂和其他的家用产品——并不会被禁用。

    That makes no sense to us, Fiona Nicholls of Greenpeace UK writes on its website.

    这对我们而言便毫无意义,来自英国非政府组织绿色和平的菲奥娜•尼科尔斯在网站上写道。

    After all, what does a hungry fish care if the microplastic clogging10 its gut11 has come from a face scrub or a washing powder?

    毕竟,又有哪条饥肠辘辘的鱼会在意,这些堵塞它们肠道的微塑料,是来自于面部磨砂膏,还是洗衣粉呢?

    There are still safe ways to dispose of microbead-containing products, for people who decide they don’t want to use them any more.

    对于决心不再使用含微珠产品的人们来说,也有一些安全的处理方法。

    Natural substitutes

    纯天然的替代品

    Several websites recommend squeezing the offending product into the trash, rather than down the sink, before cleaning out the container with disposable tissue and placing it in the recycling bin4.

    一些网站建议,在使用一次性纸巾彻底清理这些产品容器,并将它们放入回收垃圾桶前,不如将里面这些惹人厌的内容物都挤入垃圾桶中,而不是直接倒入水槽里。

    And for those who still want to enjoy the benefits of exfoliating, they still can.

    当然,还有别的方法能够帮助人们去除身上多余角质。

    There are several natural substitutes that are said to work in the exact same way as their plastic counterparts, except these will *biodegrade when flushed down the drain.

    好几种天然替代品都具有和塑料微珠相同的功效,在冲入下水道后,这些物质还都能被降解。

    There are many ingredients that can be used as an alternative. There’s *jojoba beads1, *cocoa, raspberry seeds, rice flour, oats – to name but a few, says Sonia White of British cosmetics firm Love Lula.

    许多原料都能用作替代品,如荷荷巴油珠、可可粉、树莓籽、米粉、燕麦等等,来自英国化妆品公司Love Lula的索尼亚•怀特介绍道。

    There is absolutely no cosmetic2 ingredient that is worth using if it has a negative effect on the environment and animals.

    如果一种化妆品原料会对环境和动物产生不利影响,那么它便没有使用价值。

     10级    英文科普 
     单词标签: beads  cosmetic  cosmetics  bin  toxic  pollutants  toxins  oysters  detergents  clogging  gut 


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    1 beads [bi:dz] 894701f6859a9d5c3c045fd6f355dbf5   第7级
    n.(空心)小珠子( bead的名词复数 );水珠;珠子项链
    参考例句:
    • a necklace of wooden beads 一条木珠项链
    • Beads of perspiration stood out on his forehead. 他的前额上挂着汗珠。
    2 cosmetic [kɒzˈmetɪk] qYgz2   第7级
    n.化妆品;adj.化妆用的;装门面的;装饰性的
    参考例句:
    • These changes are purely cosmetic. 这些改变纯粹是装饰门面。
    • Laughter is the best cosmetic, so grin and wear it! 微笑是最好的化妆品,所以请尽情微笑吧!
    3 cosmetics [kɔz'metiks] 5v8zdX   第7级
    n.化妆品
    参考例句:
    • We sell a wide range of cosmetics at a very reasonable price. 我们以公道的价格出售各种化妆品。
    • Cosmetics do not always cover up the deficiencies of nature. 化妆品未能掩饰天生的缺陷。
    4 bin [bɪn] yR2yz   第7级
    n.箱柜;vt.放入箱内;[计算机] DOS文件名:二进制目标文件
    参考例句:
    • He emptied several bags of rice into a bin. 他把几袋米倒进大箱里。
    • He threw the empty bottles in the bin. 他把空瓶子扔进垃圾箱。
    5 toxic [ˈtɒksɪk] inSwc   第7级
    adj.有毒的,因中毒引起的
    参考例句:
    • The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea. 这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。
    • There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere. 爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。
    6 pollutants [pə'lu:tənts] 694861490fe64672170a0da250a277c7   第8级
    污染物质(尤指工业废物)( pollutant的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • Pollutants are constantly being released into the atmosphere. 污染物质正在不断地被排放到大气中去。
    • The 1987 Amendments limit 301(g) discharges to a few well-studied nonconventional pollutants. 1987年的修正案把第301条(g)的普通排放限制施加在一些认真研究过的几种非常规污染物上。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
    7 toxins [ˈtɔksɪnz] 18c3f40d432ba8dc33bad8fb82873ea8   第11级
    n.毒素( toxin的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • The seas have been used as a receptacle for a range of industrial toxins. 海洋成了各种有毒工业废料的大容器。
    • Most toxins are naturally excreted from the body. 大部分毒素被自然排出体外。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    8 oysters ['ɔɪstəz] 713202a391facaf27aab568d95bdc68f   第9级
    牡蛎( oyster的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • We don't have oysters tonight, but the crayfish are very good. 我们今晚没有牡蛎供应。但小龙虾是非常好。
    • She carried a piping hot grill of oysters and bacon. 她端出一盘滚烫的烤牡蛎和咸肉。
    9 detergents [dɪ'tɜ:dʒənts] 2f4a6c42e9c2663b781bda4f769407b9   第8级
    n.洗涤剂( detergent的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • Such detergents do not yellow the wool as alkali tends to do. 这种洗涤剂不会象碱那样使羊毛发黄。 来自辞典例句
    • Development of detergents has required optimization of the surfactants structure. 发展洗涤剂时,要求使用最恰当的表面活性剂结构。 来自辞典例句
    10 clogging ['klɒgɪŋ] abee9378633336a938e105f48e04ae0c   第9级
    堵塞,闭合
    参考例句:
    • This process suffers mainly from clogging the membrane. 这种过程的主要问题是滤膜的堵塞。
    • And you know that eyewitness that's been clogging up the airwaves? 你知道那个充斥着电视广播的目击证人?
    11 gut [gʌt] MezzP   第7级
    n.[pl.]胆量;内脏;adj.本能的;vt.取出内脏
    参考例句:
    • It is not always necessary to gut the fish prior to freezing. 冷冻鱼之前并不总是需要先把内脏掏空。
    • My immediate gut feeling was to refuse. 我本能的直接反应是拒绝。

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