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不同类型的酒对人情绪的影响
添加时间:2017-12-02 11:38:35 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • It’s the biggest study to ever document how people react to alcohol, mood-wise. Researchers used data from almost 30,000 people who responded to the Global Drug Survey, a yearly international poll about drug and alcohol habits around the world. They found significant differences between different types of drinks.

    这是迄今为止针对该课题规模最大的研究。研究人员从“全球毒品调查”(一项关于全球毒品及酒精嗜好的年度国际调查)中选取了近3万名调查对象的数据进行研究。他们发现,不同类型的酒对人情绪的影响存在显著差异。

    Strong spirits (like vodka, gin, or whiskey) made people feel energized1 (58% of people), confident (59%) and sexy (42%). But they also had a negative effect, tending to bring out aggression2 in some people. Negative feelings such as aggression (30%), restlessness (28%) and tearfulness (22%) give significant cause for concern. Meanwhile, just 2.5% of red wine drinkers reported feeling more aggressive.

    伏特加、金酒、威士忌等烈酒使人感到精力旺盛(58%)、自信(59%)、性感(42%)。但同时,它们也会产生消极效应,容易使一些人展现出侵略性。这些消极情绪——侵略性(30%)、焦躁不安(28%)、悲痛(22%)——足以引起我们的担忧。然而,只有2.5%的红酒饮用者感觉到自己更富攻击性。

    Red wine tended to make people sad in 17% of cases, but more significantly, 53% of red wine drinkers said it left them feeling more relaxed. A similar fraction of people (almost 50%) reported this sentiment for beer. As it turns out, having a beer or a glass of wine does tend to make you feel more relaxed.

    17%的人喝完红酒以后会感到悲伤;但更多时候,红酒令人心情放松,53%的人有这种感觉。近50%的人表示,饮用啤酒有同样感受。事实证明,喝点啤酒或红酒确实容易令人更放松。

    It’s not clear exactly why these things happen. It may be due to the nature of the drink, such as different ingredients, alcohol content, and the amounts consumed. However, it may be due to cultural aspects as well. Basically, the setting in which people tend to drink red wine might be more relaxing, whereas the setting for spirits might be more active.

    目前,我们尚不清楚为什么会出现这些情况。这可能和酒本身有关,比如不同的配方、酒精含量、摄入量等。不过,也可能是文化层面的原因。简单而言,通常选择喝红酒的场合可能更放松,而喝烈酒的场合可能更为活跃。

    论文作者总结道:

    “Feeling positive emotions may in part be related to the promotion3 of positive experiences by advertising4 and the media. Emotions experienced could also be related to when the alcohol is drunk, the levels of alcohol within each beverage5 type and the different compounds found in different drinks. Understanding emotions associated with alcohol consumption is imperative6 to addressing alcohol misuse7.”

    “人们之所以在饮酒后体验到积极情绪,可能是由于广告和媒体的宣传。饮酒后的情绪可能还与饮酒的时间,每种酒的酒精含量以及不同种类的酒所含的不同成分有关。要想解决酒精滥用问题,就要尽快弄清酒精摄入和情绪之间的关系。”

    Professor Mark Bellis, Public Health Wales’ director of policy, research and international development, says we should pay extra attention to spirits, which are associated with a rich history of violence.

    威尔士公共卫生政策、研究和国际发展部主任马克•贝利斯教授称,我们应该更加关注长期以来都与暴力行为分不开的烈酒。

    “Spirits are often consumed more quickly and have much higher concentrations of alcohol in them. This can result in a quicker stimulating8 effect as blood alcohol levels increase. They may also be consumed in different social occasions so people may be drinking them deliberately9 to feel the drunken effect quickly while other types of drink are more likely to be consumed slowly or with food. As people get the kick from escalating10 alcohol levels, the same increases reduce the brain’s ability to suppress impulsive11 feelings or to consider the consequences of acting12 on them.”

    “烈酒的酒精浓度非常高,且通常喝得更快。随着血液中酒精浓度的增加,对人们造成更快的刺激效果。在不同的社交场合中,人们可能会故意喝烈酒以更快达到醉酒的效果,而其他种类的酒更适合搭配食物慢慢享用。当人们不断从酒精中获得快感时,大脑抑制冲动的能力也随之降低,使得人们难以考虑酒后行为会造成的后果。”

    The study was published in the British Medical Journal.

    这项研究发表在《英国医学杂志》上。

     10级    英文科普 


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    1 energized ['enədʒaɪzd] bb204e54f08e556db01b90c79563076e   第9级
    v.给予…精力,能量( energize的过去式和过去分词 );使通电
    参考例句:
    • We are energized by love if we put our energy into loving. 如果我们付出能量去表现爱意,爱就会使我们充满活力。 来自辞典例句
    • I am completely energized and feeling terrific. 我充满了活力,感觉非常好。 来自辞典例句
    2 aggression [əˈgreʃn] WKjyF   第8级
    n.进攻,侵略,侵犯,侵害
    参考例句:
    • So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression. 只要我们紧密地团结,就不必惧怕外来侵略。
    • Her view is that aggression is part of human nature. 她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。
    3 promotion [prəˈməʊʃn] eRLxn   第7级
    n.提升,晋级;促销,宣传
    参考例句:
    • The teacher conferred with the principal about Dick's promotion. 教师与校长商谈了迪克的升级问题。
    • The clerk was given a promotion and an increase in salary. 那个职员升了级,加了薪。
    4 advertising [ˈædvətaɪzɪŋ] 1zjzi3   第7级
    n.广告业;广告活动 adj.广告的;广告业务的
    参考例句:
    • Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
    • The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。
    5 beverage [ˈbevərɪdʒ] 0QgyN   第7级
    n.(水,酒等之外的)饮料
    参考例句:
    • The beverage is often colored with caramel. 这种饮料常用焦糖染色。
    • Beer is a beverage of the remotest time. 啤酒是一种最古老的饮料。
    6 imperative [ɪmˈperətɪv] BcdzC   第7级
    n.命令,需要;规则;祈使语气;adj.强制的;紧急的
    参考例句:
    • He always speaks in an imperative tone of voice. 他老是用命令的口吻讲话。
    • The events of the past few days make it imperative for her to act. 过去这几天发生的事迫使她不得不立即行动。
    7 misuse [ˌmɪsˈju:z] XEfxx   第8级
    n.误用,滥用;vt.误用,滥用
    参考例句:
    • It disturbs me profoundly that you so misuse your talents. 你如此滥用自己的才能,使我深感不安。
    • He was sacked for computer misuse. 他因滥用计算机而被解雇了。
    8 stimulating ['stimjəˌleitiŋ] ShBz7A   第7级
    adj.有启发性的,能激发人思考的
    参考例句:
    • shower gel containing plant extracts that have a stimulating effect on the skin 含有对皮肤有益的植物精华的沐浴凝胶
    • This is a drug for stimulating nerves. 这是一种兴奋剂。
    9 deliberately [dɪˈlɪbərətli] Gulzvq   第7级
    adv.审慎地;蓄意地;故意地
    参考例句:
    • The girl gave the show away deliberately. 女孩故意泄露秘密。
    • They deliberately shifted off the argument. 他们故意回避这个论点。
    10 escalating [ˈeskəleitɪŋ] 1b4e810e65548c7656e9ea468e403ca1   第7级
    v.(使)逐步升级( escalate的现在分词 );(使)逐步扩大;(使)更高;(使)更大
    参考例句:
    • The cost of living is escalating. 生活费用在迅速上涨。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • The cost of living is escalating in the country. 这个国家的生活费用在上涨。 来自辞典例句
    11 impulsive [ɪmˈpʌlsɪv] M9zxc   第9级
    adj.冲动的,刺激的;有推动力的
    参考例句:
    • She is impulsive in her actions. 她的行为常出于冲动。
    • He was neither an impulsive nor an emotional man, but a very honest and sincere one. 他不是个一冲动就鲁莽行事的人,也不多愁善感, 他为人十分正直、诚恳。
    12 acting [ˈæktɪŋ] czRzoc   第7级
    n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
    参考例句:
    • Ignore her, she's just acting. 别理她,她只是假装的。
    • During the seventies, her acting career was in eclipse. 在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。

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