轻松背单词新浪微博 轻松背单词腾讯微博
轻松背单词微信服务号
当前位置:首页 -> 11级英语阅读 - > 时尚双语:神奇“自愈”橡胶 玩具自我修复成...
时尚双语:神奇“自愈”橡胶 玩具自我修复成可能
添加时间:2018-06-27 08:34:22 浏览次数: 作者:未知
Tip:点击数字可快速查看单词解释  
  • Anyone who has heard the snap of a rubber band breaking knows it's time to reach for a replacement1.

    But a group of French scientists have made a self-healing rubber band material that can reclaim2 its stretchy usefulness by simply pressing the broken edges back together for a few minutes.

    The material, described on Wednesday in the journal Nature, can be broken and repaired over and over again.

    It is made from simple ingredients -- fatty acids like those found in vegetable oils, and urea, a waste compound in urine that can be made synthetically3.

    The material would be an asset to industry and might even help shed light on the physics of elasticity4, wrote Philippe Cordier and colleagues at the Industrial Physics and Chemistry Higher Educational Institution in Paris.

    Standard rubber bands, which can stretch up to several hundred percent then snap back into shape, are made from long chains of cross-linked polymers.

    The new material is linked by short chains of a type of molecule5 called ditopic.

    If severed6, the material mends itself when the ends are pressed together for a few minutes at room temperature.

    "The mended samples are able to sustain large deformations7 and recover their shape and size when stress is released," Cordier and his colleagues wrote.

    The material can "withstand multiple fractures, needs no catalysts8 and is otherwise straightforward9 to produce," Justin Mynar and Takuzo Aida of the University of Tokyo wrote in an accompanying article.

    "A final blessing10 is that it can be broken down with heat and easily recycled -- so it is environmentally friendly, too."

    “啪”!橡皮筋断了。遇到这种情况,我们都知道该去换根新的。

    不过,法国一组科研人员日前研制出一种可以“自我愈合”的橡皮筋材料,用这种材料制成的橡皮筋断了之后,只需将断裂两端按住几分钟,就能恢复得完好如初。

    这个新成果在本周三的《自然》期刊上公布。据介绍,这种材料能够反复地断裂修复。

    这种新材料的成分很简单——即蔬菜油及尿素(随尿液排出的一种可合成的化合物)中所含的脂肪酸。

    巴黎“工业物理与化学高等教育研究所”的菲利浦?科迪亚及其同事写道,这种材料在工业领域大有用处,而且它甚至能为弹性物理学提供新的信息。

    标准橡皮筋由交错连接的长链聚合物制成,能拉伸至原先长度的几倍,释放后可缩回原型。

    这种新材料则由一种名叫“ditopic” 的分子短链结构组成。

    如果断了,只需在室温条件下将其断裂两端按住几分钟,即可自我修复。

    科迪亚及其同事写道:“修复后的皮筋能够承受很大拉力,在外力释放后即可恢复原型。”

    东京大学的贾斯汀?麦纳和Takuzo Aida在一篇文章中写道,这种材料“能承受多次断裂,不需要催化剂,而且易于制造。”

    “还有一大优点是,这种材料经过加热后能熔解,易于回收,所以,它又是一种环保材料。”

     11级    双语 


    点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

    1 replacement [rɪˈpleɪsmənt] UVxxM   第7级
    n.取代,替换,交换;替代品,代用品
    参考例句:
    • We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant. 我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
    • They put all the students through the replacement examination. 他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。
    2 reclaim [rɪˈkleɪm] NUWxp   第7级
    vt.要求归还,收回;开垦;vi.抗议,喊叫
    参考例句:
    • I have tried to reclaim my money without success. 我没能把钱取回来。
    • You must present this ticket when you reclaim your luggage. 当你要取回行李时,必须出示这张票子。
    3 synthetically [sɪn'θetɪklɪ] a15ece361e9a5289112dfbb9319bf772   第7级
    adv. 综合地,合成地
    参考例句:
    • The time sequence model synthetically reflects trends of groundwater level. 总体来说,季节性时序模型的模拟和预测精度较高。
    • You can't do It'synthetically, by just flying around and dropping in. 你不能仅靠坐着飞机到处蜻蜓点水地看看就得出一个综合印象。
    4 elasticity [ˌi:læˈstɪsəti] 8jlzp   第8级
    n.弹性,伸缩力
    参考例句:
    • The skin eventually loses its elasticity. 皮肤最终会失去弹性。
    • Every sort of spring has a definite elasticity. 每一种弹簧都有一定的弹性。
    5 molecule [ˈmɒlɪkju:l] Y6Tzn   第7级
    n.分子,克分子
    参考例句:
    • A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hygrogen and one atom of oxygen. 一个水分子是由两个氧原子和一个氢原子组成的。
    • This gives us the structural formula of the molecule. 这种方式给出了分子的结构式。
    6 severed [se'vəd] 832a75b146a8d9eacac9030fd16c0222   第9级
    v.切断,断绝( sever的过去式和过去分词 );断,裂
    参考例句:
    • The doctor said I'd severed a vessel in my leg. 医生说我割断了腿上的一根血管。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • We have severed diplomatic relations with that country. 我们与那个国家断绝了外交关系。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    7 deformations [di:fɔ:'meɪʃənz] 51f2a68d52c73b316648d414edcdc30f   第9级
    损形( deformation的名词复数 ); 变形; 畸形; 破相
    参考例句:
    • It would make no difference if the bar deformations were totally inelastic. 如果杆的变形完全是非弹性变形时这也就没有什么区别了。
    • Such readings can reveal longer-period deformations in the earth. 这种读数可以反映地球长周期的形变。
    8 catalysts ['kætəlɪsts] 677fdea123458fc2ff92eb84d07254e9   第8级
    n.催化剂( catalyst的名词复数 );触媒;促进因素;有感染力的人
    参考例句:
    • The first catalytic converters were called conventional oxidation catalysts. 最初的转化器叫做常规氧化催化器。 来自辞典例句
    • Many processes that are essential to the chemical industry use heterogeneous catalysts. 很多重要的化学工业过程就是使用多相催化剂的。 来自辞典例句
    9 straightforward [ˌstreɪtˈfɔ:wəd] fFfyA   第7级
    adj.正直的,坦率的;易懂的,简单的
    参考例句:
    • A straightforward talk is better than a flowery speech. 巧言不如直说。
    • I must insist on your giving me a straightforward answer. 我一定要你给我一个直截了当的回答。
    10 blessing [ˈblesɪŋ] UxDztJ   第7级
    n.祈神赐福;祷告;祝福,祝愿
    参考例句:
    • The blessing was said in Hebrew. 祷告用了希伯来语。
    • A double blessing has descended upon the house. 双喜临门。

    文章评论 共有评论 0查看全部

      会员登陆
      热门单词标签
    我的单词印象
    我的理解: