The new national service will cover all 16-year-olds, girls as well as boys, and will be divided into two distinct phases.

新国民服役计划将分为两个不同阶段，覆盖所有年满16岁的法国公民。

The first phase is a mandatory¹ one-month placement with a focus on civic² culture, which the government says will "enable young people to create new relationships and develop their role in society".

第一阶段是为期一个月的义务工作，与公民文化相关。法国政府称，这将“使年轻人能够结交新朋友，培养他们适应社会”。

This includes activities such as charity work, voluntary teaching, or military preparation with the police, fire service or army.

这一阶段的活动包括慈善工作、志愿教学或警察、消防或军队的军事预备训练。

The second phase is a voluntary placement of at least three months and up to a year, in which young people will be encouraged to serve "in an area linked to defense³ and security" - but again, they could opt⁴ to carry out volunteer work linked to heritage, the environment or social care.

第二阶段是至少三个月、至多一年的志愿工作，该阶段鼓励年轻人在“国防和安全相关领域”服务，但他们也可以选择从事与文化遗产、环境或社会关怀相关的志愿工作。

It's not quite the program Mr Macron initially⁵ had in mind.

这一计划并不是马克龙的最初设想。

When he first floated the idea, during the 2017 race for the presidency⁶, it was a sort of military service in miniature, with all French citizens forced to have a "direct experience of military life" for a minimum of one month between the ages of 18 and 21.

他在2017年总统竞选中第一次提出的是一种小型兵役政策，要求所有年龄在18-21岁的法国公民必须“亲身体验至少为期一个月的军旅生活”。

That's now been softened⁷ and broadened into what's being called a Universal National Service - partly because of concerns that it would cost too much and overburden the country's armed forces.

该计划现在已经缓和并放宽为所谓的“普遍国民服役”，其中部分原因是担心兵役开销过多，国家武装力量超负荷。

Even now, the program is estimated to cost