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宿醉的文化历史
添加时间:2019-01-17 09:19:44 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • As long as there has been alcohol, there have been hangovers - and yet there has been no cure. Though there's no lack of morning-after tips, we don't have a pill or drink that can instantly reduce those telltale symptoms of nausea1 and exhaustion2.

    只要碰了酒,就会宿醉--而且还无药可解。尽管不乏解宿醉的建议,但并不存在能立即缓解恶心和疲惫症状的药丸或口服剂。

    Journalist Shaughnessy Bishop-Stall set out to investigate why and the result is Hung Over: The Morning After and One Man's Quest for a Cure (out now from Penguin3 Random4 House). The Verge5 spoke6 to Bishop-Stall about the cultural history of hangovers, why your hangover is not the same as mine, and what's keeping us from that cure.

    沙乌格内西·毕晓普-施塔尔(Shaughnessy Bishop-Stall)记者究其原因,一番研究后发现谜底是一本书--Hung Over: The Morning After and One Man's Quest for a Cure(企鹅兰登书屋目前没有本书)。The Verge杂志采访了毕晓普-施塔尔,了解了宿醉的文化历史、为什么人与人的宿醉状况不一样、为什么没有解药?

    This interview has been lightly edited for clarity. I assume that hangovers have been happening as long as we've had alcohol. What's the first cultural reference to a hangover?

    值得一提的是,采访内容已略有改动。我想自打有了酒饮以来,宿醉就一直存在了。所以,宿醉的第一则文化故事是什么呢?

    I think that depends on what your belief is in certain poems and certain books. The early Talmud tradition of Hebrew culture actually suggests that it was a bunch of grapes rather than an apple that cast Adam and Eve down into this earthly plane, so that could almost be seen as the first-ever hangover. Later, we have Noah actually making wine and becoming intoxicated7 from it.

    我认为这取决于你对某些诗歌和某些书籍的看法。早期的希伯来犹太传统文化实际上表明:亚当和夏娃是因为吃了一串葡萄而非苹果才来到人世的,所以这几乎可以被视作第一次宿醉。后来,诺亚开始酿酒,并为酒沉迷。

    Even what we considered the first book in English literature, Beowulf, has all these warriors8 taken down because they got too drunk the night before battle. There are actually quite a few examples throughout history of wars being lost and empires even falling because of ill-timed drinking of courage the night before.

    在英国文学最古老的一本书《贝奥武夫》中,战士们因为大战前一晚喝得太多而战败。事实上,历史上有很多这样的例子:前一天晚上不合时宜的饮酒带来的是战争失败、帝国沦陷的结局。

    What about the term "hangover"? How recent is it?

    "宿醉"一词是怎么来的,什么时候出现的?

    It's an extremely recent term for a malady9 that's older than language. The word "hangover" doesn't appear in writing further back than around 1902, in a book called The Absurd Dictionary. After that, it's hard to find another reference to the term until about 20 years later, right between the World Wars. Today, you see it becoming a really popular part of the lexicon10, so much now that it's used in languages all around the world.

    这是一个新出现的词语,来源于歌词(与语言出现的更早)。"宿醉"一词最早出现于1902年一本名为《荒诞字典》(The Absurd Dictionary)的书中。在此之后的20年,鲜少有见。但世界大战期间,人们又能看到这样的字眼。现而今,它是一个很受欢迎的词语,几乎全世界都在使用。

     11级    双语 


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    1 nausea [ˈnɔ:ziə] C5Dzz   第9级
    n.作呕,恶心;极端的憎恶(或厌恶)
    参考例句:
    • Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea. 怀孕期常有恶心的现象。
    • He experienced nausea after eating octopus. 吃了章鱼后他感到恶心。
    2 exhaustion [ɪgˈzɔ:stʃən] OPezL   第8级
    n.耗尽枯竭,疲惫,筋疲力尽,竭尽,详尽无遗的论述
    参考例句:
    • She slept the sleep of exhaustion. 她因疲劳而酣睡。
    • His exhaustion was obvious when he fell asleep standing. 他站着睡着了,显然是太累了。
    3 penguin [ˈpeŋgwɪn] W3jzf   第7级
    n.企鹅
    参考例句:
    • The penguin is a flightless bird. 企鹅是一种不会飞的鸟。
    • He walked with an awkward gait like a penguin. 他走路的步子难看得就像企鹅。
    4 random [ˈrændəm] HT9xd   第7级
    adj.随机的;任意的;n.偶然的(或随便的)行动
    参考例句:
    • The list is arranged in a random order. 名单排列不分先后。
    • On random inspection the meat was found to be bad. 经抽查,发现肉变质了。
    5 verge [vɜ:dʒ] gUtzQ   第7级
    n.边,边缘;vi.接近,濒临
    参考例句:
    • The country's economy is on the verge of collapse. 国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
    • She was on the verge of bursting into tears. 她快要哭出来了。
    6 spoke [spəʊk] XryyC   第11级
    n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
    参考例句:
    • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company. 他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
    • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre. 辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
    7 intoxicated [ɪnˈtɒksɪkeɪtɪd] 350bfb35af86e3867ed55bb2af85135f   第8级
    喝醉的,极其兴奋的
    参考例句:
    • She was intoxicated with success. 她为成功所陶醉。
    • They became deeply intoxicated and totally disoriented. 他们酩酊大醉,东南西北全然不辨。
    8 warriors ['wɒrɪəz] 3116036b00d464eee673b3a18dfe1155   第7级
    武士,勇士,战士( warrior的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • I like reading the stories ofancient warriors. 我喜欢读有关古代武士的故事。
    • The warriors speared the man to death. 武士们把那个男子戳死了。
    9 malady [ˈmælədi] awjyo   第10级
    n.病,疾病(通常做比喻)
    参考例句:
    • There is no specific remedy for the malady. 没有医治这种病的特效药。
    • They are managing to control the malady into a small range. 他们设法将疾病控制在小范围之内。
    10 lexicon [ˈleksɪkən] a1rxD   第11级
    n.字典,专门词汇
    参考例句:
    • Chocolate equals sin in most people's lexicon. 巧克力在大多数人的字典里等同于罪恶。
    • Silent earthquakes are only just beginning to enter the public lexicon. 无声地震才刚开始要成为众所周知的语汇。

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