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双语:地质学家机器被送往火星进行深度挖掘
添加时间:2019-02-28 09:51:17 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • The InSight Mission will look at Mars’s seismic1 activity and latent heat to find out more about how planets get made--and how humans might live there.

    InSight任务目的在于研究火星的地震活动和潜热,以了解更多关于火星的形成过程以及在未来人类如何能在那里生活。

    “Absolutely spectacular mission…and it’s not a rover, it’s a lander. It’s designed to land and deploy2 several instruments.”

    图片源于网络图片源于网络

    “这是一项绝对壮观的任务,并且这次任务并不是在火星上空的漫游,而是实实在在的着陆,并部署相关仪器。”

    Jim Green, NASA’s new chief scientist, talking about the InSight Mission to Mars. InSight [Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations3, Geodesy and Heat Transport] launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California the morning of May 5th. He spoke4 with Scientific American space editor Lee Billings, who recorded their conversation.

    NASA的新首席科学家Jim Green谈到火星InSight任务时说。5月5日上午,Insight在加州范登堡空军基地发射,以期能够通过对地震探测、测地学和热传导对火星进行深入的内部探索。事后科学美国空间编辑李比林斯采访了Jim Green,并记录了相关内容。

    “One instrument…will be set on the surface and will measure Marsquakes. Now why are Marsquakes important? Well, Marsquakes, because we can get the acoustic5 signals and see how they are displayed in time, we can tease out the size of the core, even if it’s liquid or not, the size of the mantle6 and the crust, and compare those with the big terrestrial planet, Earth, that we know a lot about its interior. And this will really help us understand how terrestrial planets are made.”

    “我们会在火星表面设置一种仪器,并对火星进行测量。”为什么火星震动测量很重要?因为我们可以通过火星震动测量相应的声信号,并观察这些声信号是如何随着时间的推移而排布,进而估算出火星内核的大小,甚至推测出其内核是液体还是其他什么,同时大致估算出地幔和地壳的大小,这样我们就可以知道更多关于它的内部结构,从而真正的帮助我们理解类地行星是如何形成的。”

    Green was NASA’s Planetary Science Division director since 2006 before taking on his current assignment just last week. Back to the InSight Mission.

    从2006年开始Green一致担任NASA的行星科学部主任,直到在上周承担目前Insight任务。

    “But in general, it also has a human exploration part to it. For instance, we know Mars is quaking, we have seen with Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, from orbit, avalanches7. And so, something is going on and it’s shaking the planet. And this is really exciting, because if humans go to Mars in our lifetime, which I anticipate they will, they’re gonna need to build structures. Those structures have got to be able to understand the environment and be safe. And so they’re gonna have to withstand whatever Marsquake environment is actually there. We will know what that is, we will know if it’s difficult or whether it’s relatively8 easy, but we’ll be able to accommodate it no matter what.

    “但总的来说,它也有人类探索的部分。例如,我们知道火星在颤动,我们一直通过轨道、雪崩等观测火星侦察轨道器。所以,火星上正在发生的事在一直影响着这个星球。这真的很令人兴奋,因为如果有一天人类前往火星(我猜测是早晚的事),他们将需要构建相应的结构,这些结构必须能够适应环境并保持安全。所以他们必须承受住在那里的任何环境。通过观测我们可以直到要选用什么结构,工程建造是否困难或相对容易,但无论怎样我们都要适应这些环境。

    “Now another experiment is a heat probe. This also sits on the surface and it pounds into the ground about five meters a set of thermistors that will measure the heat…and that will tell us how Mars is cooling off. You know, all our planets were built 4.5 billion years ago, they’re still cooling off from their initial accretion9. So we’re going to see, well, gee10, is like Earth’s geothermal ability, does Mars have an ability to, as it cools off, heat habitats for human exploration, or is it primarily very cool in the core, and we’ll know if it’s partially11 liquid or not, is that completely solid now. And all that will be put together in our models of the interior of Mars and as I said, it will also have some profound effects on what we do with human explorations next.”

    “现在另一个实验是热探测器。它坐落在火星表面,并向地面5米深的位置布置热敏电阻进行热量测量热…这将告诉我们火星如何冷却。我们所有的行星是建于45亿年前,它们仍然是基于他们最初聚积冷却。所以我们将会直到火星是否有类似地球的地热能力来冷却从而成为人类的栖息地,或者火星球核内部是否非常寒冷,以及内部是否是部分液体还是固态。所有这些都将被整合到我事先提到的火星内部模型中,它也会对我们下一步的人类探索产生深远的影响。”

    If all goes well, InSight will land on Mars on November 26th.

    如果一切顺利,InSight将于11月26日登陆火星。

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    1 seismic [ˈsaɪzmɪk] SskyM   第10级
    a.地震的,地震强度的
    参考例句:
    • Earthquakes produce two types of seismic waves. 地震产生两种地震波。
    • The latest seismic activity was also felt in northern Kenya. 肯尼亚北部也感觉到了最近的地震活动。
    2 deploy [dɪˈplɔɪ] Yw8x7   第8级
    vt. 配置;展开;使疏开 vi. 部署;展开 n. 部署
    参考例句:
    • The infantry began to deploy at dawn. 步兵黎明时开始进入战斗位置。
    • The president said he had no intention of deploying ground troops. 总统称并不打算部署地面部队。
    3 investigations [ɪnvestɪ'ɡeɪʃnz] 02de25420938593f7db7bd4052010b32   第7级
    (正式的)调查( investigation的名词复数 ); 侦查; 科学研究; 学术研究
    参考例句:
    • His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查,但没有发现什么。
    • He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。
    4 spoke [spəʊk] XryyC   第11级
    n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
    参考例句:
    • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company. 他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
    • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre. 辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
    5 acoustic [əˈku:stɪk] KJ7y8   第10级
    adj.听觉的,声音的;(乐器)原声的
    参考例句:
    • The hall has a fine acoustic. 这个大厅的传音效果很好。
    • Animals use a whole rang of acoustic, visual and chemical signals in their systems of communication. 动物利用各种各样的听觉,视觉和化学信号来进行交流。
    6 mantle [ˈmæntl] Y7tzs   第9级
    n.斗篷,覆罩之物,罩子;vt.&vi.罩住,覆盖,脸红
    参考例句:
    • The earth had donned her mantle of brightest green. 大地披上了苍翠欲滴的绿色斗篷。
    • The mountain was covered with a mantle of snow. 山上覆盖着一层雪。
    7 avalanches [ˈævəˌlæntʃiz] dcaa2523f9e3746ae5c2ed93b8321b7e   第8级
    n.雪崩( avalanche的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • The greatest dangers of pyroclastic avalanches are probably heat and suffocation. 火成碎屑崩落的最大危害可能是炽热和窒息作用。 来自辞典例句
    • Avalanches poured down on the tracks and rails were spread. 雪崩压满了轨道,铁轨被弄得四分五裂。 来自辞典例句
    8 relatively [ˈrelətɪvli] bkqzS3   第8级
    adv.比较...地,相对地
    参考例句:
    • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia. 兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
    • The operation was relatively painless. 手术相对来说不痛。
    9 accretion [əˈkri:ʃn] 5Jnyi   第10级
    n.自然的增长,增加物
    参考例句:
    • Every culture is an accretion. 每一种文化都是长期积淀的结果。
    • An accretion of sediment at the mouth of the river caused serious flooding. 河口堆积物的增加导致河水严重泛滥。
    10 gee [dʒi:] ZsfzIu   第10级
    n.马;int.向右!前进!,惊讶时所发声音;v.向右转
    参考例句:
    • Their success last week will gee the team up. 上星期的胜利将激励这支队伍继续前进。
    • Gee, We're going to make a lot of money. 哇!我们会赚好多钱啦!
    11 partially [ˈpɑ:ʃəli] yL7xm   第8级
    adv.部分地,从某些方面讲
    参考例句:
    • The door was partially concealed by the drapes. 门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
    • The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted. 警方设法恢复了平静,宵禁部分解除。

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