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月是故乡明
添加时间:2014-05-30 10:52:26 浏览次数: 作者:季羡林
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  • 每个人都有个故乡,人人的故乡都有个月亮,人人都爱自己的故乡的月亮。事情大概就是这个样子。

    Everyone has his hometown, every hometown has a moon, and everyone loves the moon over his hometown. Presumably, that's how things are.

    但是,如果只有孤零零一个月亮,未免显得有点孤单。因此,在中国古代诗文中,月亮总有什么东西当陪衬,最多的是山和水,什么“山高月小”、“三潭印月”等等,不可胜数。

    However, the moon would look lonely if it hung in the sky all by itself. In classic Chinese poems or essays, therefore, the moon is always accompanied by something, most likely by a mountain or a river. Hence, "High is the mountain, and small is the moon," and "Three towers reflected on the lake on a moonlight night," etc. There are simply too many such scenes to count.

    我的故乡是在山东西北部大平原上。我小的时候,从来没有见过山,也不知山为何物。我曾幻想,山大概是一个圆而粗的柱子吧,顶天立地,好不威风。

    My home village is located on a major plain in northwestern Shandong. I never saw a mountain when I was small; as a result, I didn't know what a mountain was like. In my imagination, a mountain was probably a thick and round column, so tall that it pierced the sky and looked awesome1.

    以后到了济南,才见到山,恍然大悟:山原来是这个样子呀。因此,我在故乡望月,从来不同山联系。像苏东坡说的“月出于东山之上,徘徊于斗牛之间”,完全是我无法想象的。

    When I grew up, I went to Jinan, where I saw some mountains for the first time. Suddenly I became aware of what a mountain was. The moon that I saw in my village when I was young, therefore, was never associated with any mountains. It was beyond my wildest dream to understand what the poet Su Dongpo said in his poem: "The moon rises above the Eastern Mountain and lingers between the Southern Dipper and Altair."

    至于水,我的故乡小村却大大地有。几个大苇坑占了小村面积一多半。在我这个小孩子眼中,虽不能像洞庭湖“八月湖水平”那样有气派,但也颇有一点烟波浩渺之势。

    As for water, there was plenty of it in my small village. Several reed-filled ponds made up most of the village. In the eyes of a kid such as me, those ponds were not as magnificent as Lake Dongting whose "waters in August are placid," but they did seem to extend far and wide.

    到了夏天,黄昏以后,我在坑边的场院里躺在地上,数天上的星星。有时候站在古柳下面点起篝火。然后上树一摇,成群的知了飞落下来。比白天用嚼烂的麦粒去粘要容易得多。我天天晚上乐此不彼,天天盼望黄昏早早来临。

    On a summer evening, I would lie on the ground near a pond and try to count the stars in the sky. Occasionally a bonfire would be set under an old willow2. Someone would climb onto the tree and shake it. And lo and behold3, many cicadas would drop down. That was a much easier way of catching4 cicada than trying to get them glued to chewed wheat grains. Every evening I took great pleasure in doing that, and everybody I looked forward to the early arrival of dusk.

    到了更晚的时候,我走到坑边,抬头看到晴空一轮明月,清光四溢,与水里的那个月亮相映成趣。我当时虽然还不懂什么叫诗兴,但也顾而乐之,心中油然有什么东西在萌动。

    Later in the evening, I would walk to a pond, where I looked up at the moon in the sky, bright and clear, and down at the moon reflected, just as bright and clear, on the surface of the pond. Too young to know what a poem was, I was nonetheless so impressed by what I had seen that there seemed to be something stirring in my heart. On some days, I would play by the pond late into the night.

    有时候在坑边玩很久,才回家睡觉。在梦中见到两个月亮叠在一起,清光更加晶莹澄澈。第二天一早起来,到坑边苇子丛里去捡鸭子下的蛋,白白地一闪光,手伸向水中,一摸就是一个蛋。此时更是乐不可支了。

    Not until midnight did I go home to sleep. And in my dream, I would see two moons, one on the top of the other, their light shining all the more brightly and splendidly. The next day, early in the morning, I would go to the pond to look for duck eggs in the reeds. Glistening5, they were there for me to pick. I was happy beyond words.

    我只在故乡呆了六年,以后就离乡背井,漂泊天涯。在济南住了十多年,在北京度过四年,又回到济南呆了一年,然后在欧洲住了近十一年,重又回到北京,到现在已经四十多年了。在这期间,我曾到过世界上将近三十个国家,我看过许许多多的月亮。

    I lived in my home village for only six years. Then I left it and began to live the life of an itinerant6, roaming freely all over the world. First I spent a dozen or so years in Jinan, then I spent four years in Peking and then I returned to Jinan for one more year. Following that, I lived in Europe nearly eleven years, only to return to Peking again. Altogether, it was over forty years, during which I visited nearly 30 countries and saw the moon everywhere I went.

    在风光旖旎的瑞士莱茫湖上,在平沙无垠的非洲大沙漠中,在碧波万顷的大海中,在巍峨雄奇的高山上,我都看到过月亮,这些月亮应该说都是美妙绝伦的,我都异常喜欢。

    I saw it in Lake Leman in Switzerland, on the great desert in Africa, in the vast sea, and over huge mountains. The moon was undisputedly beautiful wherever I saw it, and I liked it every time I saw it.

    但是,看到它们,我立刻就想到我故乡那苇坑上面和水中的那个小月亮。对比之下,无论如何我也感到,这些广阔世界的大月亮,万万比不上我那心爱的小月亮。不管我离开我的故乡多少万里,我的心立刻就飞来了。我的小月亮,我永远忘不掉你!

    But the sight of the moon in foreign lands would invariably remind me of the small moon I had seen over my own village, reflected on the water of a pond. I always felt that, however big and beautiful the foreign moon was, it could not be as bright and beautiful as the lovely moon I saw over my small village. However distant I might be from my home village, the thought of that lovely moon would make my heart fly back. My dear lovely small moon, I'll never forget you!

    我现在已经年近耄耋。住的朗润园是燕园胜地。夸大一点说,此地有茂林修竹,绿水环流,还有几座土山,点缀其间。风光无疑是绝妙的。

    Now almost 70 years old, I live at Peking University in its Langrun Garden, which is itself a scenic7 attraction. To brag8 a bit, I would describe it as having lush bushes and slender bamboo with streams running merrily around several tiny hills. The scene is exquisitely9 beautiful.

    前几年,我从庐山休养回来,一个同在庐山休养的老朋友来看我。他看到这样的风光,慨然说:“你住在这样的好地方,还到庐山去干吗呢!”可见朗润园给人印象之深。此地既然有山,有水,有树,有竹,有花,有鸟。

    A couple of years ago, I had the pleasure of spending a summer vacation in Mt. Lushan, one of the best summer resorts in China. Back in Peking together with one of my old friends, he exclaimed at the sight of Langrun Garden, "Oh, with such a beautiful place to live in, why should you have gone to Mt. Lushan for vacation?" His words testified to the beauty of the Garden, which boasts of hills, streams, trees, bamboo, flowers, and birds.

    每逢望夜,一轮当空,月光闪耀于碧波之上,上下空濛,一碧数顷,而且荷香远溢,宿鸟幽鸣,真不能不说是赏月胜地。荷塘月色的奇景,就在我的窗外。不管是谁来到这里,难道还能不顾而乐之吗?

    On a night with the full moon in the sky, the Garden is certainly an ideal place to appreciate the poetic10 beauty seen in the vast sky where the moon hangs, the lush trees where sleepy birds sing, and the tranquil11 ponds where lotuses send out a delicate fragrance12. The much-coveted sight of "moonlight over a lotus-covered pond" is right next to my room window. Whoever comes to my home will be delighted to see it.

    然而,每值这样的良辰美景,我想到的却仍然是故乡苇坑里的那个平凡的小月亮。见月思乡,已经成为我经常的经历。思乡之病,说不上是苦是乐,其中有追忆,有惘怅,有留恋,有惋惜。流光如逝,时不再来。在微苦中实有甜美在。

    On such beautiful nights, however, I will think of the ordinary moon over the pond in my home village. Indeed, seeing the moon never fails to make me think of my home village. It is hard to say if nostalgia—a malady14, isn't it?—brings one sweetness or bitterness. As it is, nostalgia13 is filled with fond memories, anxieties, regrets, or even pain. Time, once gone, is gone forever. Ultimately, nostalgia is sweet with a touch of bitterness.

    月是故乡明,我什么时候能够再看到我故乡的月亮呀!我怅望南天,心飞向故里。

    Bright is the moon over my home village. When can I see that moon again? As I look southward, my heart flies there.

    一九八九年十一月三日

    November 3, 1989

     9级    美文 


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    1 awesome [ˈɔ:səm] CyCzdV   第8级
    adj.令人惊叹的,难得吓人的,很好的
    参考例句:
    • The church in Ireland has always exercised an awesome power. 爱尔兰的教堂一直掌握着令人敬畏的权力。
    • That new white convertible is totally awesome. 那辆新的白色折篷汽车简直棒极了.
    2 willow [ˈwɪləʊ] bMFz6   第8级
    n.柳树
    参考例句:
    • The river was sparsely lined with willow trees. 河边疏疏落落有几棵柳树。
    • The willow's shadow falls on the lake. 垂柳的影子倒映在湖面上。
    3 behold [bɪˈhəʊld] jQKy9   第10级
    vt. 看;注视;把...视为 vi. 看
    参考例句:
    • The industry of these little ants is wonderful to behold. 这些小蚂蚁辛勤劳动的样子看上去真令人惊叹。
    • The sunrise at the seaside was quite a sight to behold. 海滨日出真是个奇景。
    4 catching [ˈkætʃɪŋ] cwVztY   第8级
    adj.易传染的,有魅力的,迷人的,接住
    参考例句:
    • There are those who think eczema is catching. 有人就是认为湿疹会传染。
    • Enthusiasm is very catching. 热情非常富有感染力。
    5 glistening ['glɪstnɪŋ] glistening   第8级
    adj.闪耀的,反光的v.湿物闪耀,闪亮( glisten的现在分词 )
    参考例句:
    • Her eyes were glistening with tears. 她眼里闪着晶莹的泪花。
    • Her eyes were glistening with tears. 她眼睛中的泪水闪着柔和的光。 来自《用法词典》
    6 itinerant [aɪˈtɪnərənt] m3jyu   第10级
    adj.巡回的;流动的
    参考例句:
    • He is starting itinerant performance all over the world. 他正在世界各地巡回演出。
    • There is a general debate nowadays about the problem of itinerant workers. 目前,针对流动工人的问题展开了普遍的争论。
    7 scenic [ˈsi:nɪk] aDbyP   第8级
    adj.自然景色的,景色优美的
    参考例句:
    • The scenic beauty of the place entranced the visitors. 这里的美丽风光把游客们迷住了。
    • The scenic spot is on northwestern outskirts of Beijing. 这个风景区位于北京的西北远郊。
    8 brag [bræg] brag   第8级
    n. 吹牛,自夸 vi. 吹牛,自夸 vt. 吹牛,吹嘘
    参考例句:
    • He made brag of his skill. 他夸耀自己技术高明。
    • His wealth is his brag. 他夸张他的财富。
    9 exquisitely [ekˈskwɪzɪtlɪ] Btwz1r   第7级
    adv.精致地;强烈地;剧烈地;异常地
    参考例句:
    • He found her exquisitely beautiful. 他觉得她异常美丽。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • He wore an exquisitely tailored gray silk and accessories to match. 他穿的是做工非常考究的灰色绸缎衣服,还有各种配得很协调的装饰。 来自教父部分
    10 poetic [pəʊˈetɪk] b2PzT   第10级
    adj.富有诗意的,有诗人气质的,善于抒情的
    参考例句:
    • His poetic idiom is stamped with expressions describing group feeling and thought. 他的诗中的措辞往往带有描写群体感情和思想的印记。
    • His poetic novels have gone through three different historical stages. 他的诗情小说创作经历了三个不同的历史阶段。
    11 tranquil [ˈtræŋkwɪl] UJGz0   第7级
    adj. 安静的, 宁静的, 稳定的, 不变的
    参考例句:
    • The boy disturbed the tranquil surface of the pond with a stick. 那男孩用棍子打破了平静的池面。
    • The tranquil beauty of the village scenery is unique. 这乡村景色的宁静是绝无仅有的。
    12 fragrance [ˈfreɪgrəns] 66ryn   第8级
    n.芬芳,香味,香气
    参考例句:
    • The apple blossoms filled the air with their fragrance. 苹果花使空气充满香味。
    • The fragrance of lavender filled the room. 房间里充满了薰衣草的香味。
    13 nostalgia [nɒˈstældʒə] p5Rzb   第9级
    n.怀乡病,留恋过去,怀旧
    参考例句:
    • He might be influenced by nostalgia for his happy youth. 也许是对年轻时幸福时光的怀恋影响了他。
    • I was filled with nostalgia by hearing my favourite old song. 我听到这首喜爱的旧歌,心中充满了怀旧之情。
    14 malady [ˈmælədi] awjyo   第10级
    n.病,疾病(通常做比喻)
    参考例句:
    • There is no specific remedy for the malady. 没有医治这种病的特效药。
    • They are managing to control the malady into a small range. 他们设法将疾病控制在小范围之内。

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