Weight is largely determined¹ by the balance between how many calories you consume and the amount of energy you burn in everyday activities.

体重很大程度上依赖于你每天活动消耗的热量和燃烧的能量之间的平衡。

Being overweight can become a matter of live and death. People who are overweight and obese² are more likely to develop a number of potentially serious health problems. Also, the overall risk of death increases with obesity³.

体重过重成为生死的一种因素。那些体重过重及肥胖的人易患一些潜在的严重的健康疾病。同时，死亡的整体风险也在随着肥胖上升。

What is Obesity?

Obesity is defined as a condition of being significantly overweight. If a person's weight is 20% or more above their ideal body weight, they are considered obese. Unusually, a person is overweight before they become obese.

什么是肥胖症？

肥胖症的定义为体重严重超过正常的状况。如果一个人的体重超过理想体重的20%，就可以认为是肥胖。一个显着的特征是，一个人在肥胖之前首先会是体重超标。

What is Overweight?

Overweight is defined as a condition of weighing more that what is ideal for their height and body frame. If a person's weight is 20% or more above their ideal body weight, they are considered obese. Excess weight may come from muscle, bone, fat and/or body water.

什么是体重过重？

超重的定义为体重刚刚超过理想的身体结构及重量。如果一个人的体重超过理想体重的20%，那就是肥胖了。超过的体重可能来自于肌肉，骨骼，脂肪或者身体内的水分。

A person can be overweight without being obese.

一个人可以是超重而不是肥胖。

How to Lose Weight?

If you are obese or overweight your health is at risk. It is important that you lose weight and develop a healthy lifestyle. There are many weight loss program and it is important to find a program that is fits your needs. Please consult your doctor so he can develop a program that fits your needs.

如何减肥？

如果你是肥胖或者超重，那么你的健康正受到威胁。减肥和健康的生活方式对你来说是非常重要的。有许多种减肥的方法，而找到一种适合自己需要的方法是很重要的。请咨询你的医生，他可以建议一种适合你的方法。

Dangers of being Overweight

Some of the dangers of being overweight include developing:

体重超重的危害

体重超重的危害包括以下几个方面：

* High Blood Pressure: When you have excess body fat, your body retains sodium⁴. When your body retains sodium, blood volume increases and blood pressure rises. High blood pressure causes your heart to work harder, which is dangerous for the heart.

* Diabetes⁵: Obesity is the leading cause of type 2 diabetes. Excess fat makes your body resistant⁶ to insulin. When your body is resistant to insulin, your cells can't get the energy they need.

* Stroke

* Abnormal blood fats: A diet high in saturated⁷ fats increases the level of LDL (bad) cholesterol⁸.

* Osteoarthritis: Excess weight adds pressure to joints⁹ and wears away at the cartilage that protects them.

* Sleep apnea: The more overweight a person is, the greater more severe the sleep apnea will be.

* Cancer: Men and women who are overweight have a higher risk of developing many different kinds of cancer.

* Gallstones: Gallstones are more common in people who are overweight. The connection between gallstones and weight is unclear.

* Weak Pelvic Muscles

* Physical Discomfort¹⁰: As fat accumulates, it crowds the space occupied by your organs. People who are overweight may have difficulty breathing, walking or sitting.

高血压：当有过多的脂肪时，身体里会保留钠。身体保留钠时，血液容量增加，同时血压上升。高血压引起心脏工作负担加重，对心脏产生危害。

糖尿病：肥胖是产生2型糖尿病的主要原因。过多的脂肪使身体对胰岛素产生抵抗力。当身体对胰岛素产生抵抗力时，细胞便不能得到所需的能量。

中风

血脂异常：高饱和脂肪酸的饮食能够增加低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的程度。

关节炎：额外的体重增加了关节的压力，并且在软骨保护时加剧了磨损。

睡眠性呼吸暂停综合症：一个人越胖，该症状就会越严重。

癌症：无论男士还是女士，体重过重都会使得导致各种癌症的风险加剧。

胆结石：胆结石在超重的人群中非常常见。胆结石和体重的关系还不明了。

骨盆肌肉弱

身体不适：脂肪积累会挤压本应有器官占据的空间。超重的人会导致呼吸，走路或者坐的困难。

Risk factors for becoming overweight

Some of the common risk factors are:

变胖的危险因素

一些通常的因素是：

* Genetics: Genes¹¹ play a role in how your body balances calories and energy.

* Diet:The type of food you eat is a big factor in whether or not you will be overweight. Regular consumption of high-fat foods will contribute to your weight.

* Activity/Inactivity: People who are inactive (don't exercise, or participate in sports) are more likely to gain weight because they burn fewer calories.

* Gender¹²: Men naturally have more muscle and less fat that women do. Muscle burns more energy that fat.

* Age: As you get older, you gradually loose muscle. The muscle is often replaced by fat.

* Pregnancy¹³: A woman's weight tends to increase by about 5 pounds after the end of each pregnancy.

* Medication:A side effect of some medications is weight gain.

* Smoking or Not Smoking: Some smokers¹⁴ gain weight after they quit smoking.

* Medical Problems: A small percentage of weight problems are caused by other health problems, such as a thyroid malfunction¹⁵ or hormonal¹⁶ imbalances.

遗传：基因在你的身体平衡热量和能量中扮演很重要的角色。

饮食：吃的食物类型是决定你是否超重一个大的因素。高脂肪食物的频繁摄入将会极大增加你的体重。

运动/ 不运动：懒惰（不锻炼，或者不参与体育活动）的人更易于增加体重，因为他们消耗更少的热量。

性别：男人天生就比女人拥有多的肌肉和少的脂肪。肌肉比脂肪燃烧更多的能量。

年龄：随着年龄变大，肌肉减少。经常的肌肉会变成脂肪。

怀孕：孕期结束后，女人的体重通常会增加5磅左右。

药物：一些药物的副作用会导致体重增加。

是否吸烟：一些吸烟者在戒烟后会体重增加。

医学问题：有少数的体重问题是由其他健康问题引起的，例如甲状腺疾病或者激素失衡。