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以高标准看待扎克伯格的善举
添加时间:2016-09-30 21:04:11 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • The pledge by Mark Zuckerberg, the founder1 of Facebook, and his wife Priscilla Chan, to give at least $3bn over the next decade for medical research has justifiably2 received large numbers of likes, loves and wows on his social media site.

    Facebook创始人马克•扎克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)和妻子普丽西拉•陈(Priscilla Chan)承诺,将在未来10年捐赠至少30亿美元用于医学研究,这理所当然地在这家社交媒体网站上收获了大量的喜欢(like)、大爱(love)和哇(wow)。

    It needs just a little nuance3.

    只不过,我们需要对这件事看得再仔细一点。

    The couple have every right to spend their fortune how they wish.

    这对夫妇完全有权按照自己的意愿花掉他们的财富。

    Choosing philanthropy over personal luxury is admirable.

    选择慈善而不是个人奢侈享受的举动令人钦佩。

    It sets a powerful example for others to follow in donating money, expertise4 and time — from fellow billionaires, companies and individuals with far more modest means.

    这一举动在献出金钱、专业技能和时间方面,为其他人树立了一个强有力的榜样,包括与他一样的亿万富翁、企业以及财力远不如他的个人。

    The focus on medical research is also an excellent priority with global impact and high potential benefits.

    对医学研究的关注也极好抓住了重点,有着全球影响以及极大的潜在好处。

    Ill health causes vast amounts of suffering, while disease and premature5 death are brakes on social and economic development around the world.

    人们的健康不佳带来了大量痛苦,疾病和早逝阻碍着全球的社会和经济发展。

    It is particularly smart to focus on bringing together scientists with engineers, to stress the importance of collaboration6 and sharing data, and to call for more science funding.

    尤其明智的是,他们关注于把科学家和工程师带到一起,强调合作和数据共享的重要性,并呼吁对科学投入更多资金。

    Facebook’s expertise in bringing together disparate groups and individuals online could be a catalyst7 for identifying new ideas, partners for research and more efficient recruitment of patients for clinical trials.

    Facebook擅长在线上将各种不同群体和个人带到一起,这一优势可能会促进人们发现新创意、找到研究合作伙伴,以及更有效地为临床试验招募患者。

    Just as important is the Zuckerbergs’ use of a limited liability partnership8 rather than a more rigid9 tax exempt10 foundation as the entity11 through which to give.

    同样重要的是,扎克伯格利用有限责任公司作为捐赠的实体,而非更严格的可以减免税收的慈善基金会。

    This provides greater flexibility12 in deciding whether they provide grants or invest for profit in medical programmes.

    这让他们可以更加灵活地决定是提供补助,还是对医学项目进行营利性投资。

    There are a few caveats13, however.

    然而,这里有一些提醒。

    First, while philanthropy is an excellent way to innovate14, the fundamental role of the public sector15 in collecting and democratically distributing funding, including for medical research, is pivotal.

    首先,尽管慈善是一种很好的创新方式,但公共部门在收集和民主地分配资金(包括用于医学研究的资金)方面发挥的基础性作用是至关重要的。

    Facebook and other companies should resist any aggressive tax avoidance that minimises taxable profits and reduces revenues to governments.

    Facebook和其他公司应抵制任何将应税利润降至最低并使政府收入减少的激进避税行为。

    Second, they should also set a good example with high levels of transparency and accountability for their donations and the results they generate.

    其次,他们还应在捐赠及其结果的高度透明和可问责方面树立良好的榜样。

    That will help make future philanthropy more efficient, both for givers and grant-seekers.

    这将有助于让未来的慈善对捐赠者和受捐者都更高效。

    Third, while they are perfectly16 entitled to call their programme the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, philanthropy needs donors17 willing to co-operate.

    第三,尽管他们完全有权把这个项目叫作陈-扎克伯格计划(Chan Zuckerberg Initiative),但慈善需要愿意合作的其他捐赠者。

    No one can begrudge18 them naming rights but there is a balance to be struck between strong personal branding and the need for wider collaboration and participation19.

    没有人能够妒忌他们的命名权,但在高调的个人品牌和更广泛合作、参与的必要性之间,他们需要找到平衡。

    Finally, there is a risk of hubris20, which in turn could lead to disillusionment and a loss of momentum21.

    最后,这里存在自大的风险,进而可能导致理想幻灭和动力丧失。

    Bill Gates, who has spent billions of dollars over the past 15 years on global health, has yet to achieve the eradication22 of malaria23 or polio, let alone either a vaccine24 or a cure for HIV.

    过去15年,比尔•盖茨(Bill Gates)在全球健康领域花费了数十亿美元,也未能实现疟疾或小儿麻痹的根除,更别提找到艾滋病疫苗或治愈良方了。

    Former US president Jimmy Carter’s 30-year campaign to wipe out Guinea worm disease is still not achieved, a reminder25 that goodwill26 alone cannot provide all the solutions.

    美国前总统吉米•卡特(Jimmy Carter)用30年时间致力于扫除几内亚线虫病,迄今这个目标仍未实现——这提醒人们,仅凭良好愿望是无法解决所有问题的。

    It would also be wrong to regard medical research as failing.

    将医学研究视为失败也是错误的。

    Great progress has been made in recent decades in medicine, including new vaccines27 and treatments for cancer.

    近数十年,医学领域取得了重大进展,包括找到了一些新的癌症疫苗和治疗方法。

    The Zuckerbergs’ ambition to cure, prevent or manage all disease in our children’s lifetime seems grandiose28.

    扎克伯格夫妇想要治愈、预防或控制我们的孩子们一生中可能遇到的所有疾病,这个理想似乎相当远大。

    To give the gift some perspective each year, the US National Institutes of Health alone spends ten times the Zuckerbergs’ pledged decade-long $3bn.

    从每年来看,单单美国国家健康研究院(National Institutes of Health)的支出就超过扎克伯格夫妇承诺在10年间捐赠的30亿美元。

    The UK’s Wellcome Trust will spend more than twice their contribution over the next five years.

    未来5年,英国的Wellcome Trust将花费两倍于这笔捐赠的资金。

    But each new idea is welcome, and with their commitment and convening29 power, they could add a great deal.

    然而,我们欢迎所有新的想法,凭借决心和感召力,他们可以做出巨大的贡献。

     12级    英语新闻 


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    1 Founder [ˈfaʊndə(r)] wigxF   第8级
    n.创始者,缔造者
    参考例句:
    • He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school. 他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
    • According to the old tradition, Romulus was the founder of Rome. 按照古老的传说,罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。
    2 justifiably [dʒʌstɪ'faɪəblɪ] ap9zrc   第11级
    adv.无可非议地
    参考例句:
    • There General Walters would come aboard to greet me, justifiably beaming with pride at his arrangement. 在那儿沃尔特斯将军会登上飞机来接我,理所当然为他们的安排感到洋洋得意。 来自辞典例句
    • The Chinese seemed justifiably proud of their economic achievements. 中国人似乎为他们的经济成就感到自豪,这是无可非议的。 来自互联网
    3 nuance [ˈnju:ɑ:ns] Xvtyh   第10级
    n.(意义、意见、颜色)细微差别
    参考例句:
    • These users will easily learn each nuance of the applications they use. 这些用户会很快了解他们所使用程序的每一细微差别。
    • I wish I hadn't become so conscious of every little nuance. 我希望我不要变得这样去思索一切琐碎之事。
    4 expertise [ˌekspɜ:ˈti:z] fmTx0   第7级
    n.专门知识(或技能等),专长
    参考例句:
    • We were amazed at his expertise on the ski slopes. 他斜坡滑雪的技能使我们赞叹不已。
    • You really have the technical expertise in a new breakthrough. 你真正在专业技术上有了一个全新的突破。
    5 premature [ˈpremətʃə(r)] FPfxV   第7级
    adj.比预期时间早的;不成熟的,仓促的
    参考例句:
    • It is yet premature to predict the possible outcome of the dialogue. 预言这次对话可能有什么结果为时尚早。
    • The premature baby is doing well. 那个早产的婴儿很健康。
    6 collaboration [kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃn] bW7yD   第7级
    n.合作,协作;勾结
    参考例句:
    • The two companies are working in close collaboration each other. 这两家公司密切合作。
    • He was shot for collaboration with the enemy. 他因通敌而被枪毙了。
    7 catalyst [ˈkætəlɪst] vOVzu   第8级
    n.催化剂,造成变化的人或事
    参考例句:
    • A catalyst is a substance which speeds up a chemical reaction. 催化剂是一种能加速化学反应的物质。
    • The workers' demand for better conditions was a catalyst for social change. 工人们要求改善工作条件促进了社会变革。
    8 partnership [ˈpɑ:tnəʃɪp] NmfzPy   第8级
    n.合作关系,伙伴关系
    参考例句:
    • The company has gone into partnership with Swiss Bank Corporation. 这家公司已经和瑞士银行公司建立合作关系。
    • Martin has taken him into general partnership in his company. 马丁已让他成为公司的普通合伙人。
    9 rigid [ˈrɪdʒɪd] jDPyf   第7级
    adj.严格的,死板的;刚硬的,僵硬的
    参考例句:
    • She became as rigid as adamant. 她变得如顽石般的固执。
    • The examination was so rigid that nearly all aspirants were ruled out. 考试很严,几乎所有的考生都被淘汰了。
    10 exempt [ɪgˈzempt] wmgxo   第7级
    adj.免除的;vt.使免除;n.免税者,被免除义务者
    参考例句:
    • These goods are exempt from customs duties. 这些货物免征关税。
    • He is exempt from punishment about this thing. 关于此事对他已免于处分。
    11 entity [ˈentəti] vo8xl   第7级
    n.实体,独立存在体,实际存在物
    参考例句:
    • The country is no longer one political entity. 这个国家不再是一个统一的政治实体了。
    • As a separate legal entity, the corporation must pay taxes. 作为一个独立的法律实体,公司必须纳税。
    12 flexibility [ˌfleksə'bɪlətɪ] vjPxb   第8级
    n.柔韧性,弹性,(光的)折射性,灵活性
    参考例句:
    • Her great strength lies in her flexibility. 她的优势在于她灵活变通。
    • The flexibility of a man's muscles will lessen as he becomes old. 人老了肌肉的柔韧性将降低。
    13 caveats [ˈkeɪvi:ˌæts] 48df864755bcc93c76f4c52b05b18aeb   第12级
    警告
    参考例句:
    • I would offer a caveat for those who want to join me in the dual calling. 为防止发生误解,我想对那些想要步我后尘的人提出警告。 来自辞典例句
    • As I have written before, that's quite a caveat. 正如我以前所写,那确实是个警告。 来自互联网
    14 innovate [ˈɪnəveɪt] p62xr   第8级
    vi. 创新;改革;革新 vt. 改变;创立;创始;引人
    参考例句:
    • We must innovate in order to make progress. 我们必须改革以便取得进步。
    • It is necessary to innovate and develop military theories. 创新和发展军事理论是必要的。
    15 sector [ˈsektə(r)] yjczYn   第7级
    n.部门,部分;防御地段,防区;扇形
    参考例句:
    • The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
    • The enemy have attacked the British sector. 敌人已进攻英国防区。
    16 perfectly [ˈpɜ:fɪktli] 8Mzxb   第8级
    adv.完美地,无可非议地,彻底地
    参考例句:
    • The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said. 证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
    • Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board. 我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。
    17 donors [ˈdəʊnəz] 89b49c2bd44d6d6906d17dca7315044b   第7级
    n.捐赠者( donor的名词复数 );献血者;捐血者;器官捐献者
    参考例句:
    • Please email us to be removed from our active list of blood donors. 假如你想把自己的名字从献血联系人名单中删去,请给我们发电子邮件。
    • About half this amount comes from individual donors and bequests. 这笔钱大约有一半来自个人捐赠及遗赠。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    18 begrudge [bɪˈgrʌdʒ] jubzX   第10级
    vt.吝啬,羡慕
    参考例句:
    • I begrudge spending so much money on train fares. 我舍不得把这么多钱花在火车票上。
    • We should not begrudge our neighbour's richness. 我们不应该嫉妒邻人的富有。
    19 participation [pɑ:ˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃn] KS9zu   第8级
    n.参与,参加,分享
    参考例句:
    • Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation. 有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
    • The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities. 这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。
    20 hubris [ˈhju:brɪs] 8y8y0   第12级
    n.傲慢,骄傲
    参考例句:
    • There is no safety in unlimited technological hubris. 在技术方面自以为是会很危险。
    • The very hubris of French claims alarmed the other powers. 法国贪婪的胃口使其他大国惊恐不安。
    21 momentum [məˈmentəm] DjZy8   第7级
    n.动力,冲力,势头;动量
    参考例句:
    • We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way. 我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
    • The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law. 动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。
    22 eradication [iˌrædi'keiʃən] otUzfH   第8级
    n.根除
    参考例句:
    • The eradication of an established infestation is not easy. 根除昆虫蔓延是不容易的。
    • This is often required for intelligent control and eradication. 这经常需要灵巧的控制与消除。
    23 malaria [məˈleəriə] B2xyb   第8级
    n.疟疾
    参考例句:
    • He had frequent attacks of malaria. 他常患疟疾。
    • Malaria is a kind of serious malady. 疟疾是一种严重的疾病。
    24 vaccine [ˈvæksi:n] Ki1wv   第8级
    n.牛痘苗,疫苗;adj.牛痘的,疫苗的
    参考例句:
    • The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives. 脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
    • She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall. 她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。
    25 reminder [rɪˈmaɪndə(r)] WkzzTb   第9级
    n.提醒物,纪念品;暗示,提示
    参考例句:
    • I have had another reminder from the library. 我又收到图书馆的催还单。
    • It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent. 总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知,她才付应该交的房租。
    26 goodwill [ˌgʊdˈwɪl] 4fuxm   第8级
    n.善意,亲善,信誉,声誉
    参考例句:
    • His heart is full of goodwill to all men. 他心里对所有人都充满着爱心。
    • We paid £10,000 for the shop, and £2000 for its goodwill. 我们用一万英镑买下了这家商店,两千英镑买下了它的信誉。
    27 vaccines [vækˈsi:nz] c9bb57973a82c1e95c7cd0f4988a1ded   第8级
    疫苗,痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
    • The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。
    28 grandiose [ˈgrændiəʊs] Q6CyN   第10级
    adj.宏伟的,宏大的,堂皇的,铺张的
    参考例句:
    • His grandiose manner impressed those who met him for the first time. 他那种夸大的举止给第一次遇见他的人留下了深刻的印象。
    • As the fog vanished, a grandiose landscape unfolded before the tourists. 雾气散去之后,一幅壮丽的景观展现在游客面前。
    29 convening [kənˈvi:nɪŋ] 4d413e01efbc28ab0312f400ad5ce18a   第8级
    召开( convene的现在分词 ); 召集; (为正式会议而)聚集; 集合
    参考例句:
    • When convening the assembly, however, you shall blow without sounding an alarm. 民10:7但招聚会众的时候、们要吹号、不要吹出大声。
    • We warmly welcome the convening of Asia-Europe meeting in London. 热烈欢迎亚欧会议在伦敦召开。

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