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中国菜的重要五味
添加时间:2017-03-19 18:59:51 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • Chinese people pay great attention to the color, smell, taste, and shape of food, and taste is regarded as the soul of Chinese food. Chinese people use many seasonings1 to give a richer taste experience.

    中国人十分注重食物的色、香、味、形,而味则被认为是中国菜的灵魂。中国人会使用许多调料,让食物给人更丰富的味觉体验。

    Tastes of Chinese food are traditionally categorized into five flavors: salty, spicy2, sour, sweet, and bitter. Chinese emphasize the harmony of five flavors.

    中国食物的味道传统上被分为5种:酸、甜、苦、辣、咸。中国人强调五味调和。

    According to traditional Chinese medicine, the harmony of the five flavors can not only improve taste enjoyment, but also have the function of achieving balance to promote health, as well as treating diseases and aiding recovery from injury.

    中医认为,五味调和不仅可以提高味觉享受,还具有达到促进健康平衡、治疗疾病和帮助康复的功效。

    Over China's vast territory the flavors of cuisine3 vary from one region to another, and usually one or two of the five flavors dominate. Flavor preferences can reflect features of geography, climate, agriculture, culture, and history.

    在中国辽阔的国土上,一个地方菜肴的味道和另一个地方很不同,通常由五味中的一到两味占据主导地位。口味的偏好可以反映当地的地理、气候、农业、文化和历史。

    Here we introduce the five flavors of Chinese food.

    本文将为您介绍中国菜的五味。

    1.Spicy — Central China, especially Sichuan and Hunan

    1.辣--华中,尤其是四川和湖南。

    Spiciness4 is also called the "pungent5 flavor" among the five flavors. It can not only whet6 the appetite, but also is said to have the functions of expelling wind and cold from the body, reducing internal dampness, moistening dryness, and promoting qi and blood circulation.

    辣在五味中也被成为“辛辣”。辣味不仅可以增进食欲,据说也有祛风散寒的功能,可以减轻人体的内湿、润燥、益气活血。

    2.Salty — Coastal7 Areas and Northern China

    2.咸--沿海和北方地区。

    The salty flavor is important among the five flavors for its health benefits ad precautions. Saltiness is said to help the body "dissolve stagnation8". However, salty food should not be eaten too much, because eating too much salt is harmful to the health.

    咸具有保健和预防功能,在五味中非常重要。咸味据说可以帮助人体“解散停滞”。但是,咸的食物不应多吃,吃太多盐对身体有害。

    3.Sweet — Eastern China

    3.甜--华东地区。

    According to traditional Chinese medicine, the sweet flavor can "tone the body", alleviate9 illness, and improve one's mood. Sweet Chinese seasonings mainly include sugar, honey, and various jams, which can not only sweeten, but also can enhance flavors and reduce fishiness10 and greasiness11.

    中医认为,甜味可以“调养身体”、缓解疾病、改善心情。中国的甜味调料主要包括糖、蜂蜜和各种果酱,不仅可以增加甜味,还能增强风味、去腥解腻。

    4.Sour — Southern Minorities and Shanxi Province

    4.酸--西南少数民族和山西。

    The sour flavor can reduce fishiness and greasiness, help digestion12, including dissolving calcium13 in food, and whet the appetite. According to traditional Chinese medicine, it can constrict14 the intestines15, stop diarrhea, promote salivation, and quench16 thirst.

    酸味可以去腥解腻、帮助消化(溶解食物中的钙)、增进食欲。中医认为,酸味可以促进肠道蠕动、止泻、生津、止渴。

    5.Bitter — the Taste of Chinese Medicinal Food

    5.苦--药膳的味道。

    The bitter flavor is said to clear "heat", strengthen the stomach, and promote salivation.

    苦味据说可以清“热”、健胃、生津。

    Bitterness is used in Chinese cooking, but rarely alone. Slight bitterness can make dishes fresher and more delicious, greatly whetting17 the appetite.

    中国烹饪中的确会使用苦味,但是很少单独使用。轻微的苦味可以让菜肴更加鲜美,大大增强食欲。

    The bitter flavor is generally the taste of Chinese medicinal food, which is made by adding bitter medicinal herbs.

    苦味通常是药膳的味道,药膳由苦涩的草药制成。

     12级    英文科普 


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    1 seasonings ['si:znɪŋz] 51d04813db1bf8c7cc2d33652549fb57   第10级
    n.调味品,佐料( seasoning的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • It emphasizes the use of seasonings, so no two dishes ever taste alike. 它对调味品十分讲究。因此,没有两个菜会有同样的味道。 来自地道口语脱口SHOW 高中超越版
    • The food made of flour and various seasonings is called moon cake. 中秋节的食品也是圆圆的,也象征着团圆,这种用面和各种作料做的食品叫月饼。 来自互联网
    2 spicy [ˈspaɪsi] zhvzrC   第7级
    adj.加香料的;辛辣的,有风味的
    参考例句:
    • The soup tasted mildly spicy. 汤尝起来略有点辣。
    • Very spicy food doesn't suit her stomach. 太辣的东西她吃了胃不舒服。
    3 cuisine [kwɪˈzi:n] Yn1yX   第8级
    n.烹调,烹饪法
    参考例句:
    • This book is the definitive guide to world cuisine. 这本书是世界美食的权威指南。
    • This restaurant is renowned for its cuisine. 这家餐馆以其精美的饭菜而闻名。
    4 spiciness ['spaɪsɪnəs] 5cf89aada610cc2284b271b94db3c95d   第7级
    n.香馥,富于香料;香味
    参考例句:
    • For that extra spiciness, add powdered nutmeg to taste. 至于要得到那种额外的香味,酌量加入肉豆蔻粉。 来自互联网
    • Aside from a graph a thermometer will be used to show spiciness. 除了文字标记以外,还将用温度表图像形象地表达辣度。 来自互联网
    5 pungent [ˈpʌndʒənt] ot6y7   第9级
    adj.(气味、味道)刺激性的,辛辣的;尖锐的
    参考例句:
    • The article is written in a pungent style. 文章写得泼辣。
    • Its pungent smell can choke terrorists and force them out of their hideouts. 它的刺激性气味会令恐怖分子窒息,迫使他们从藏身地点逃脱出来。
    6 whet [wet] GUuzX   第10级
    vt.磨快,刺激
    参考例句:
    • I've read only the first few pages of her book, but it was enough to whet my appetite. 她的书我只看了开头几页,但已经引起我极大的兴趣。
    • A really good catalogue can also whet customers' appetites for merchandise. 一份真正好的商品目录也可以激起顾客购买的欲望。
    7 coastal [ˈkəʊstl] WWiyh   第8级
    adj.海岸的,沿海的,沿岸的
    参考例句:
    • The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks. 大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
    • This country will fortify the coastal areas. 该国将加强沿海地区的防御。
    8 stagnation [stæg'neiʃən] suVwt   第12级
    n. 停滞
    参考例句:
    • Poor economic policies led to a long period of stagnation and decline. 糟糕的经济政策道致了长时间的经济萧条和下滑。
    • Motion is absolute while stagnation is relative. 运动是绝对的,而静止是相对的。
    9 alleviate [əˈli:vieɪt] ZxEzJ   第7级
    vt.减轻,缓和,缓解(痛苦等)
    参考例句:
    • The doctor gave her an injection to alleviate the pain. 医生给她注射以减轻疼痛。
    • Nothing could alleviate his distress. 什么都不能减轻他的痛苦。
    10 fishiness [fɪ'ʃaɪnəs] 4e1ee30e89c8893a6736716cfd836a08   第11级
    n.多鱼,腥臭,鱼味
    参考例句:
    11 greasiness ['gri:zɪnɪs] 7163d7cd49f5a7695eac75c57f82e02f   第11级
    n.多脂,油腻,阿谀
    参考例句:
    • Gelatin, froth or powder suitable greasiness, property and neutral flesh. 凝胶、泡沫或粉末适合油性、混合性及中性肌肤。 来自互联网
    • Clothes cleaner cleans away all greasiness By just a single Brushing. 擦衣净,各类油污,一擦就灵。 来自互联网
    12 digestion [daɪˈdʒestʃən] il6zj   第8级
    n.消化,吸收
    参考例句:
    • This kind of tea acts as an aid to digestion. 这种茶可助消化。
    • This food is easy of digestion. 这食物容易消化。
    13 calcium [ˈkælsiəm] sNdzY   第7级
    n.钙(化学符号Ca)
    参考例句:
    • We need calcium to make bones. 我们需要钙来壮骨。
    • Calcium is found most abundantly in milk. 奶含钙最丰富。
    14 constrict [kənˈstrɪkt] ZZhyv   第8级
    vt.压缩,收缩,阻塞
    参考例句:
    • Men and women alike have been constricted by traditional sexual roles. 男性和女性同样受到传统性别角色的束缚。
    • Severe migraine can be treated with a drug which constricts the blood vessels. 严重的偏头疼可以用一种收缩血管的药物进行治疗。
    15 intestines [ɪn'testɪnz] e809cc608db249eaf1b13d564503dbca   第9级
    n.肠( intestine的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • Perhaps the most serious problems occur in the stomach and intestines. 最严重的问题或许出现在胃和肠里。 来自辞典例句
    • The traps of carnivorous plants function a little like the stomachs and small intestines of animals. 食肉植物的捕蝇器起着动物的胃和小肠的作用。 来自辞典例句
    16 quench [kwentʃ] ii3yQ   第7级
    vt.熄灭,扑灭;压制
    参考例句:
    • The firemen were unable to quench the fire. 消防人员无法扑灭这场大火。
    • Having a bottle of soft drink is not enough to quench my thirst. 喝一瓶汽水不够解渴。
    17 whetting [hwetɪŋ] f6a66a8dcf99bf5eef3a41a09e9f6c3b   第10级
    v.(在石头上)磨(刀、斧等)( whet的现在分词 );引起,刺激(食欲、欲望、兴趣等)
    参考例句:
    • A battle is coming; the two armies are whetting their swords. 两兵就要交战了,双方都在磨刀霍霍地备战。 来自互联网
    • The smell is really whetting my appetite. 这味道真吊胃口。 来自互联网

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