轻松背单词新浪微博 轻松背单词腾讯微博
轻松背单词微信服务号
当前位置:首页 -> 11级英语阅读 - > 生命健康的障碍
生命健康的障碍
添加时间:2018-01-21 15:09:23 浏览次数: 作者:未知
Tip:点击数字可快速查看单词解释  
  • Loneliness 孤独

    The growth of social media and waning1 in-person contact has led Former Surgeon General Vivek Murthy to label loneliness a worldwide epidemic2. And it could be lethal3.

    曾任卫生局局长的维维克•默西认为,社交媒体的增长和面对面接触的减少让孤独成为了世界范围的流行病。而孤独可以是致命的。

    Julianne Holt-Lunstad, a professor of psychology4 at Brigham Young University, has found in her research that loneliness reduces people's life spans by the equivalent of smoking 15 cigarettes a day.

    杨百翰大学的心理学教授朱丽安娜•霍尔特-伦斯塔德在她的研究中发现,孤独会缩短人的寿命,其危害相当于每天抽15根烟。

    Sitting 久坐

    Sitting all day increases risk for a raft of different cancers, a 2014 study found.

    2014年的一项研究发现,终日久坐会增加患多种癌症的风险。

    Researchers included in their meta-analyses data from four million people involving how often they sat to watch TV, do work, and commute5.

    研究人员在做荟萃分析时采集了400万人坐下来看电视、工作和通勤的时长数据。

    Each two-hour increase in sitting time upped people's risks for colon6, endometrial, and lung cancers, regardless of whether they still exercised during the day.

    静坐的时间每增加两个小时,就会增加人们患结肠癌、子宫内膜癌和肺癌的风险,不论一天中是否锻炼。

    Sleep loss 失眠

    The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have called sleep deprivation7 a public health problem, as some 50 to 70 million people in the US have sleep or wakefulness disorder8.

    美国疾病控制与预防中心将失眠称作公共健康问题,因为美国有5000万到7000万的人遭受失眠困扰。

    Professor Valery Gafarov, of the World Health Organisation9, noted10 in 2015 that insufficient11 sleep raises the risk of stroke and heart attack to similar degrees as regular cigarette use.

    世界卫生组织的瓦雷里•加法罗夫教授在2015年指出,睡眠不足会提高中风和心脏病发作的风险,其危害相当于经常抽烟。

    "Poor sleep should be considered a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease along with smoking, lack of exercise, and poor diet," he said.

    他说:“睡眠不佳应和吸烟、缺乏锻炼和饮食不良一样,被视为导致心血管疾病的可调节风险因素。”

    Tanning 美黑

    Indoor tanning may seem like a more controlled version of regular sunbathing12, but both are potentially more dangerous than smoking.

    室内美黑似乎是更可控的日光浴,但是,这两者都可能比吸烟更危险。

    In 2014, researchers published a study in JAMA that found indoor tanning alone led to more cases of skin cancer than smoking did with lung cancer.

    2014年,研究人员在《美国医学会杂志》上发表的一份研究报告指出,室内美黑导致的皮肤癌比吸烟导致肺癌的病例更多。

    "Given the large number of skin cancer cases attributable to indoor tanning, these findings highlight a major public health issue," the investigators13 wrote.

    研究人员写道:“考虑到当前有如此多的皮肤癌病例都是由室内美黑导致的,这些发现凸显出了一个重大的公共健康问题。”

    Poor diet 饮食不良

    A wealth of evidence has found that sugary, processed foods high in saturated14 fats can expose people to potentially fatal diseases at similar, if not greater, rates than smoking.

    大量证据表明,含大量饱和脂肪的含糖加工食物会让人们容易患上各种致命疾病,如果其危害不比吸烟更甚,至少也是和吸烟相当。

    In 2016, researchers studying the mortality risks from poor diet concluded the death rates exceeded those of alcohol, drugs, uNPRotected sex, and tobacco combined.

    2016年,研究人员发现,饮食不良的致死率比酗酒、吸毒、无保护性行为和吸烟的致死率加起来还要高。

     11级    英文科普 


    点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

    1 waning ['weɪnɪŋ] waning   第8级
    adj.(月亮)渐亏的,逐渐减弱或变小的n.月亏v.衰落( wane的现在分词 );(月)亏;变小;变暗淡
    参考例句:
    • Her enthusiasm for the whole idea was waning rapidly. 她对整个想法的热情迅速冷淡了下来。
    • The day is waning and the road is ending. 日暮途穷。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
    2 epidemic [ˌepɪˈdemɪk] 5iTzz   第7级
    n.流行病;盛行;adj.流行性的,流传极广的
    参考例句:
    • That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out. 那种传染病早已绝迹。
    • The authorities tried to localise the epidemic. 当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。
    3 lethal [ˈli:θl] D3LyB   第9级
    adj.致死的;毁灭性的
    参考例句:
    • A hammer can be a lethal weapon. 铁锤可以是致命的武器。
    • She took a lethal amount of poison and died. 她服了致命剂量的毒药死了。
    4 psychology [saɪˈkɒlədʒi] U0Wze   第7级
    n.心理,心理学,心理状态
    参考例句:
    • She has a background in child psychology. 她受过儿童心理学的教育。
    • He studied philosophy and psychology at Cambridge. 他在剑桥大学学习哲学和心理学。
    5 commute [kəˈmju:t] BXTyi   第7级
    vi.乘车上下班;vt.减(刑);折合;n.上下班交通
    参考例句:
    • I spend much less time on my commute to work now. 我现在工作的往返时间要节省好多。
    • Most office workers commute from the suburbs. 很多公司的职员都是从郊外来上班的。
    6 colon [ˈkəʊlən] jqfzJ   第8级
    n.冒号,结肠,直肠
    参考例句:
    • Here, too, the colon must be followed by a dash. 这里也是一样,应当在冒号后加破折号。
    • The colon is the locus of a large concentration of bacteria. 结肠是大浓度的细菌所在地。
    7 deprivation [ˌdeprɪˈveɪʃn] e9Uy7   第9级
    n.匮乏;丧失;夺去,贫困
    参考例句:
    • Many studies make it clear that sleep deprivation is dangerous. 许多实验都证实了睡眠被剥夺是危险的。
    • Missing the holiday was a great deprivation. 错过假日是极大的损失。
    8 disorder [dɪsˈɔ:də(r)] Et1x4   第7级
    n.紊乱,混乱;骚动,骚乱;疾病,失调
    参考例句:
    • When returning back, he discovered the room to be in disorder. 回家后,他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
    • It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder. 里面七零八落地装着许多信件。
    9 organisation [ˌɔ:gənaɪ'zeɪʃən] organisation   第8级
    n.组织,安排,团体,有机休
    参考例句:
    • The method of his organisation work is worth commending. 他的组织工作的方法值得称道。
    • His application for membership of the organisation was rejected. 他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。
    10 noted [ˈnəʊtɪd] 5n4zXc   第8级
    adj.著名的,知名的
    参考例句:
    • The local hotel is noted for its good table. 当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
    • Jim is noted for arriving late for work. 吉姆上班迟到出了名。
    11 insufficient [ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃnt] L5vxu   第7级
    adj.(for,of)不足的,不够的
    参考例句:
    • There was insufficient evidence to convict him. 没有足够证据给他定罪。
    • In their day scientific knowledge was insufficient to settle the matter. 在他们的时代,科学知识还不能足以解决这些问题。
    12 sunbathing ['sʌnbeiðiŋ] bb1a8564f9c25f1e1db56b2b14f574cb   第8级
    n.日光浴
    参考例句:
    • tourists sunbathing on the beach 在海滩上沐浴着阳光的游客
    • We've been sunbathing on the beach. 我们一直在海滩上晒日光浴。
    13 investigators [ɪn'vestɪɡeɪtəz] e970f9140785518a87fc81641b7c89f7   第9级
    n.调查者,审查者( investigator的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • This memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
    • The team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    14 saturated ['sætʃəreitid] qjEzG3   第7级
    a.饱和的,充满的
    参考例句:
    • The continuous rain had saturated the soil. 连绵不断的雨把土地淋了个透。
    • a saturated solution of sodium chloride 氯化钠饱和溶液

    文章评论 共有评论 0查看全部

      会员登陆
      热门单词标签
    我的单词印象
    我的理解: