Machines of Loving Grace 慈爱的机器

In San Francisco and the Santa Clara Valley during the late 1960s, various cultural currents flowed together. 20世纪60年代末，各种文化潮流在旧金山和硅谷交汇。

There was the technology revolution that began with the growth of military contractors¹ and soon included electronics firms, 技术革命伴随着军事承包商的发展而兴起，并迅速扩展到电子公司、

microchip makers², video game designers, and computer companies. 微芯片制造商、视频游戏软件设计师和计算机公司。

There was a hacker³ subculture--filled with wireheads, phreakers, cyberpunks, hobbyists, 这里出现了黑客的亚文化群--云集于此的有资深玩家、电话飞客、电子朋克、业余爱好者

and just plain geeks--that included engineers who didn't conform to the HP mold and their kids who weren't attuned⁴ to the wavelengths⁵ of the subdivisions. 以及纯粹的极客--包括那些不愿遵照惠普模式行事的工程师和他们不合群的孩子们。

There were quasi-academic groups doing studies on the effects of LSD; 这里有准学术性的团体在研究迷幻药的效果，

participants included Doug Engelbart of the Augmentation Research Center in Palo Alto, 参与者包括来自帕洛奧图增强研究中心的道格·恩格尔巴特，

who later helped develop the computer mouse and graphical user interfaces⁶, 他后来参与发明了电脑鼠标以及图形用户界面；

and Ken⁸ Kesey, who celebrated⁹ the drug with music-and-light shows featuring a house band that became the Grateful Dead. 还有肯·凯西，他为了歌颂毒品举行了一场声光盛宴，请来了一支乐队表演，而这支乐队就是后来的“感恩而死”。

There was the hippie movement, born out of the Bay Area's beat generation, 在这里，湾区垮掉的一代发起了嬉皮士运动，

and the rebellious¹⁰ political activists¹¹, born out of the Free Speech Movement at Berkeley. 伯克利的言论自由运动诞生了一批叛逆的政治活跃分子。

Overlaid on it all were various self-fulfillment movements pursuing paths to personal enlightenment: 在此基础上，一系列实现自我、追求心灵启迪的行为风靡一时

Zen and Hinduism, meditation¹² and yoga, primal¹³ scream and sensory¹⁴ deprivation¹⁵, Esalen and est. 禅宗和印度教，冥想和瑜伽，原始尖叫和感觉剥夺，伊莎兰治疗法和电击休克治疗法。

This fusion¹⁶ of flower power and processor power, enlightenment and technology, 嬉皮士信仰与计算机力量的交融，思想与科技的结合，

was embodied¹⁷ by Steve Jobs as he meditated¹⁸ in the mornings, audited¹⁹ physics classes at Stanford, 都在史蒂夫·乔布斯的身上得到了体现，他早晨冥想，然后去斯坦福旁听物理学课程，

worked nights at Atari, and dreamed of starting his own business. 晚上在雅达利工作，并梦想着能创办自己的事业。

"There was just something going on here," he said, looking back at the time and place. “有些奇妙的事情正在这里上演”，回首彼时彼处，他说道，

"The best music came from here--the Grateful Dead, Jefferson Airplane, Joan Baez, Janis Joplin “最好的音乐来源于此--感恩而死、杰弗逊飞船乐队、琼·贝兹、詹尼斯·乔普林，

and so did the integrated circuit, and things like the Whole Earth Catalog." 集成电路以及《全球概览》之类的事物也在这里诞生 。”

Initially²⁰ the technologists and the hippies did not interface⁷ well. 起初，技术人员和嬉皮士们并没有多少交集。

Many in the counterculture saw computers as ominous²¹ and Orwellian, the province of the Pentagon and the power structure. 很多反主流文化的人认为电脑是不祥的，是奥威尔式的专制统治工具，应该为五角大楼和统治阶层所独有。

In The Myth of the Machine, the historian Lewis Mumford warned that computers were sucking away our freedom and destroying "life-enhancing values." 在《机器神话》一书中，历史学家刘易斯·芒福德警告说，电脑正在一点一点吞嗤我们的自由，损害“有益人生的价值观 ”。

An injunction on punch cards of the period--"Do not fold, spindle or mutilate"--became an ironic²² phrase of the antiwar Left. 那一时期穿孔卡片上的一条警告语--“请勿折叠、卷曲或损坏”--成为了左派反战人士的讽刺用语。