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当前位置:首页 -> 11级英语阅读 - > 10种应该经常摄取的营养物质(1)
10种应该经常摄取的营养物质(1)
添加时间:2018-04-22 17:30:01 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • 1. Caffeine

    咖啡因

    What it is:

    是什么:

    Caffeine is a crystalline alkaloid found in the seeds, leaves and fruits of some plants. Its most common sources include coffee beans, tea, yerba mate, guarana berries, and guayusa.

    咖啡因是一些植物的种子、叶子和果实中的透明生物碱,普遍存在于咖啡豆、茶、巴拉圭茶和瓜拉纳浆果中。

    What it does:

    功效:

    It's most known for its stimulant1 effects. Caffeine can actually have benefits for exercise as well.

    众所周知它有使人兴奋的功效,对锻炼也真的很有好处。

    How to take it:

    如何摄取:

    Taken as a supplement, caffeine is normallyingested in 100mg doses for alertness, 200mg doses for fat-burning, and 500mg doses for help with strength and power output.

    补充咖啡因100mg正常可以提神,200mg可以燃烧脂肪,500mg有助于锻炼释放体力。

    2. Creatine

    肌酸

    What it is:

    是什么:

    Creatine is a naturally occurring organic acid that helps supply energy to cells in the body. The most common natural sources include lean red meat and fish.

    肌酸是自然形成的有机酸,帮助体内细胞补充能量。最常见的天然来源包括红色瘦肉和鱼肉。

    What it does:

    功效:

    Creatine supplementation has neuroprotective and cardioprotective benefits, and also aids the brain, bones, muscle, and liver.

    补充肌酸能保护神经和心脏,也有益于大脑、骨骼、肌肉和肝脏。

    How to take it:

    如何摄取:

    Doses of 0.66g per pound of body weight for the first week, followed by a 5g dose daily, are recommended.

    建议第一周每磅体重摄取0.66g即可,随后每天5g。

    3. Inositol

    肌糖

    What it is:

    是什么:

    Inositol, or more specifically myo-inositol, is a molecule2 similar to glucose3 that is critical in cellular4 signaling.

    肌糖,更专业的名称叫肌醇,是一种类似于葡萄糖的微粒,对细胞信号传递有重要作用。

    What it does:

    功效:

    When taken in very large doses, inositol has been shown to be effective in the treatment of panic attack and anxiety in chronic5 sufferers. It also has mild anti-depressive effects.

    大量摄取肌糖可以有效治疗患惊恐发作(一种疾病)和焦虑的慢性病人,也有轻度抗抑郁作用。

    How to take it:

    如何摄取:

    Doses of 14 to 18 grams of the powdered substance or 4 to 5 grams of the soft gel formulation are necessary.

    粉末状肌糖要摄取14-18g,或者吃4-5g软胶囊。

    4. Omega-3 Fatty Acids

    Ω-3脂肪酸

    What it is:

    是什么:

    There are three types of Omega-3 fatty acids, but the two found in supplements are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). These acids are found naturally occurring in fish.

    Ω-3脂肪酸有三种,但补充剂里只含两种:二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA),这些酸类自然形成于鱼肉中。

    What it does:

    功效:

    Supplementation has all kinds of benefits, including healthier blood vessels6, reduced risk for plaque7 buildup, and a decreased risk for diabetes8 and several forms of cancer.

    补充Ω-3脂肪酸有各种好处,包括血管健康,降低血小板累积、患糖尿病和几种癌症的风险。

    How to take it:

    如何摄取:

    One gram taken daily is recommended to help reach adequate levels.

    建议每日摄取1g就能获取充足的Ω-3脂肪酸。

    5. Melatonin

    褪黑素

    What it is:

    是什么:

    Melatonin is a hormone9 that your brain already produces and secretes10 to regulate sleep. It is also found naturally occurring in some plants, like rice, corn, tomatoes, edible11 fruits, and St. John's wort.

    褪黑素是一种大脑中产生的激素,是调节睡眠的关键。也自然产生于一些植物中,如水稻、玉米、番茄、可食用水果和圣约翰草。

    What it does:

    功效:

    It's effective at regulating sleep in individuals suffering from shift-work sleep disorders12 and even jet lag. Melatonin is also a powerful antioxidant, and also has shown benefits for eye health, tinnitus treatment, and for improving mood.

    对倒班造成睡眠紊乱和患有时差综合征的人能有效改善睡眠。褪黑激素也是强抗氧化剂,对眼睛健康、治疗耳鸣和改善情绪都有好处。

    How to take it:

    如何摄取:

    For help with sleep, doses of between 500mcg and 5mg taken shortly before sleep have been shown to be effective.

    为了促进睡眠,入睡前摄取500mcg-5mg就能起效。

     11级    英文科普 


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    1 stimulant [ˈstɪmjələnt] fFKy4   第9级
    n.刺激物,兴奋剂
    参考例句:
    • It is used in medicine for its stimulant quality. 由于它有兴奋剂的特性而被应用于医学。
    • Musk is used for perfume and stimulant. 麝香可以用作香料和兴奋剂。
    2 molecule [ˈmɒlɪkju:l] Y6Tzn   第7级
    n.分子,克分子
    参考例句:
    • A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hygrogen and one atom of oxygen. 一个水分子是由两个氧原子和一个氢原子组成的。
    • This gives us the structural formula of the molecule. 这种方式给出了分子的结构式。
    3 glucose [ˈglu:kəʊs] Fyiyz   第11级
    n.葡萄糖
    参考例句:
    • I gave him an extra dose of glucose to pep him up. 我给他多注射了一剂葡萄糖以增强他的活力。
    • The doctor injected glucose into his patient's veins. 医生将葡萄糖注入病人的静脉。
    4 cellular [ˈseljələ(r)] aU1yo   第7级
    adj.移动的;细胞的,由细胞组成的
    参考例句:
    • She has a cellular telephone in her car. 她的汽车里有一部无线通讯电话机。
    • Many people use cellular materials as sensitive elements in hygrometers. 很多人用蜂窝状的材料作为测量湿度的传感元件。
    5 chronic [ˈkrɒnɪk] BO9zl   第7级
    adj.(疾病)长期未愈的,慢性的;极坏的
    参考例句:
    • Famine differs from chronic malnutrition. 饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
    • Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition. 慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。
    6 vessels ['vesəlz] fc9307c2593b522954eadb3ee6c57480   第7级
    n.血管( vessel的名词复数 );船;容器;(具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的)人
    参考例句:
    • The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
    7 plaque [plæk] v25zB   第10级
    n.饰板,匾,(医)血小板
    参考例句:
    • There is a commemorative plaque to the artist in the village hall. 村公所里有一块纪念该艺术家的牌匾。
    • Some Latin words were engraved on the plaque. 牌匾上刻着些拉丁文。
    8 diabetes [ˌdaɪəˈbi:ti:z] uPnzu   第9级
    n.糖尿病
    参考例句:
    • In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar. 对于糖尿病患者,医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
    • Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body. 糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。
    9 hormone [ˈhɔ:məʊn] uyky3   第8级
    n.荷尔蒙,激素,内分泌
    参考例句:
    • Hormone implants are used as growth boosters. 激素植入物被用作生长辅助剂。
    • This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body. 这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
    10 secretes [sɪˈkri:ts] b951c7cca7237b8e550dc03599b78b6f   第9级
    v.(尤指动物或植物器官)分泌( secrete的第三人称单数 );隐匿,隐藏
    参考例句:
    • The pineal gland secretes melanin during times of relaxation and visualization. 松果体在放松时分泌黑色素是明白无误的。 来自互联网
    • For example, the archegonium (female organ) of the moss Funaria secretes sucrose. 例如藓类颈卵器(雌性器官)分泌蔗糖。 来自互联网
    11 edible [ˈedəbl] Uqdxx   第7级
    n.食品,食物;adj.可食用的
    参考例句:
    • Edible wild herbs kept us from dying of starvation. 我们靠着野菜才没被饿死。
    • This kind of mushroom is edible, but that kind is not. 这种蘑菇吃得,那种吃不得。
    12 disorders [disˈɔ:dəz] 6e49dcafe3638183c823d3aa5b12b010   第7级
    n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 );凌乱;骚乱;(身心、机能)失调
    参考例句:
    • Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告,厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

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