The riskiest¹ foods

最危险的食物

Food poisoning is a horrible, even potentially life-threatening experience. But it's hard to determine if food is safe to eat, partly because problems are relatively² rare.

食物中毒非常可怕，甚至会威胁生命。但我们难以确定食物是否安全，可能是因为食物中毒的案例相对较少吧。

But knowing which foods are potentially risky³ can help. What helps even more is that the FDA-regulated foods most often linked to outbreaks tend to be the same year after year. (That list includes produce, seafood⁴, egg, and dairy products, but not meat.)

但了解哪些食物存在潜在风险或能有所帮助。更棒的是，食品与药品监管局列出了食品清单，这些食品与年年都可能爆发的疫情相关。（包括农产品、海鲜、鸡蛋和乳制品，但不包括肉类。）

Be aware of the risk, but don't avoid these types of food. "They are everywhere and are part of a healthy diet," says Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) senior staff attorney, Sarah Klein.

注意这些风险，但不要避开这些食物。"这些食物随处可见，也是健康饮食的一部分，"公共利益科学中心（CSPI）的高级职员律师萨拉·克莱因说道。

Leafy greens

绿叶蔬菜

Yes, they're your favorite go-to salad greens-lettuce, escarole, endive, spinach⁵, cabbage, kale, arugula, and chard. But they also caused 262 outbreaks involving 8,836 reported cases of illness between 1998 and 2008, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

是的，人们最喜欢在沙拉中加入这些蔬菜了--生菜、莴苣、菊苣、菠菜、卷心菜、羽衣甘蓝、芝麻菜和甜菜。但美国疾病预防与控制中心的数据表明，自1998至2008年间，这些蔬菜导致了262次疫情爆发、8836人生病。

Greens can be contaminated by manure⁶, dirty water rinses⁷, or unwashed hands before you even purchase them. To avoid getting sick, wash produce and prevent cross-contamination (improper handling of meat in the kitchen can spread bacteria to other types of food, including greens) by washing hands and using separate cutting boards.

在你购买绿叶蔬菜之前，它们可能就被粪便、脏水或没有洗过的手给污染了。如何避免生病？洗干净手，在厨房清洗蔬菜，并使用单独的砧板切菜以预防交叉感染（肉类处理不当会将细菌传播给其它食物，包括绿叶蔬菜。）

Eggs

鸡蛋

This breakfast favorite has been linked to at least 138 outbreaks since 1998, most often due to Salmonella bacteria. The bacteria can lurk⁸ inside the egg, so proper cooking is key (which kills the germs). Avoid eating any products containing raw eggs, including cookie dough⁹. And refrigerate eggs before using them.

自1998年以来，我们的早餐最爱（鸡蛋）至少与138次疫情爆发相关，通常是由沙门氏菌所致。沙门氏菌会潜伏在鸡蛋中，所以烹饪至关重要（杀死细菌）。千万别吃含有生鸡蛋的食物，包括饼干团。食用鸡蛋前请先冷藏。

"Our food supply is safe," says Craig Hedberg, PhD, of the University of Minnesota School of Public Health in Minneapolis. "There is roughly one illness for every three to four thousand meals served," he says. Still, "raw food items like eggs may have contamination and need to be handled properly."

"我们的食品供应渠道非常安全，"明尼阿波利斯市明尼苏达大学公共卫生学院的克雷格·赫德伯格博士说道。"每3000至4000顿餐食中，大概会有一餐使人们生病，"他说道。但是，"鸡蛋等生食可能受到污染，需要妥善处理。"

Meat

肉

Meat, which is regulated by the USDA not the FDA, caused at least 33,000 illnesses from 1998 to 2010, according to a CSPI report. Chicken was the top offender¹⁰, with 455 outbreaks linked to almost 7,000 illnesses.

美国农业部而非食品与药品监管局列出了肉类，据公共利益科学中心报道，自1998至2010年间，肉类至少造成33000例病例。鸡肉位居榜首，造成455起疫情爆发、近7000人生病。