the drive for prosperity and development, symbolized¹ by the Lexus LS, and the desire to retain identity and traditions, symbolized by the olive tree.

一种是对繁荣与发展的渴望，凌志车就是这种趋势的符号；另一种是保留自我身份和传统的欲望，它的符号就是橄榄树。

No two countries that both had McDonald's had fought a war against each other since each got its McDonald's

任何两个有麦当劳的国家之间，都不会打仗，因为他们都有麦当劳了。

when a country has reached an economic development where it has a middle class strong enough to support a McDonald's network, it would become a "McDonald's country", and will not be interested in fighting wars anymore.

当一个国家的经济发展到拥有足够多的中产阶级来支撑麦当劳这种业态的时候，它就变成了一个“麦当劳国家”，于是就不会再对打仗感兴趣了。

But shortly after the book was published, NATO bombed Yugoslavia. On the first day of the bombing, McDonald's restaurants in Belgrade were demolished² by the Serbian people and were rebuilt only after the bombing ended. In the 2000 edition of the book, Friedman argued that this exception proved the rule: the war ended quickly, he argued, partly because the Serbian population did not want to lose their place in a global system "symbolised by McDonald's".

这本书出版之后不久，北约就炸了南斯拉夫。在轰炸的第一天，麦当劳位于贝尔格莱德的餐厅就被塞尔维亚人给捣毁了，直到轰炸结束后才开始重建。不过在2000年的新版书中，弗里德曼声辩到，这个事件恰好证明了他的理论：因为这场战争结束得非常快，其中一部分的原因就是塞尔维亚人不想失去他们在全球系统中的参与权，而这种参与权的象征就是麦当劳。

The 1989 United States invasion of Panama

1989年，美国入侵了巴拿马。

In 1999, India and Pakistan fought a war over Kashmir, known as the Kargil War.

1999年，印度和巴基斯坦因为克什米尔地区打了一仗，这场战争现在被称为卡吉尔战争。

The 2006 war between Israel and Lebanon, following hostilities³ ongoing⁴ since 1973, with South Lebanon occupied until May 2000.

2006年，以色列和黎巴嫩打了一仗；他们双方的敌意从1973年开始就有了，而黎巴嫩南部一直到2000年5月都处于被占领状态。

The 2008 South Ossetia war between Russia and Georgia.

2008年，俄罗斯和格鲁吉亚之间打了南奥塞梯战争。

The 2014 Crimean crisis between Russia and Ukraine.

2014年，俄罗斯和乌克兰之间还爆发了克里米亚危机。