科技现已基本上俘获了我们全部的视力。美国人每天会花三到四个小时盯着手机，看各类屏幕的时间则是11个小时。那么面对如此浪费时间的行为，我们怎样才能缩短看手机的时间呢？

Smartphones were once the best thing to happen to the tech industry — and for a while, it seemed, to all of us, too. In the 11 years since the iPhone made its debut¹, smartphones have subsumed just about every other gadget² and altered every business, from news to retail³ to taxis to television, ultimately reordering everything about how we understand media, politics and reality itself.

智能手机曾经是科技行业的福音-曾经有那么一段时间，它也是我们所有人的福音。在iPhone首次亮相11年后，智能手机几乎纳入了其他所有的小设备，改变了从新闻、零售到出租车、电视等所有业务，并最终彻底改变我们对媒体、政治和现实本身的理解。

But now that smartphones have achieved dominance, revolution is again in the air.

但是如今智能手机已经取得了统治地位，变革的硝烟再起。

Global smartphone sales are plateauing for a very obvious reason: Pretty much anyone who can afford one already has one, and increasingly there are questions about whether we are using our phones too much and too mindlessly. At Google’s and Apple’s recent developer conferences, executives took the stage to show how much more irresistible⁴ they were making our phones. Then each company unveiled something else: Software to help you use your phone a lot less.

全球智能手机销量趋于稳定的原因非常明显：基本上买得起手机的人都人手一个，而且渐渐的也有越来越多的人质疑我们是否在过度使用手机，且过于盲目。在谷歌和苹果最近的开发者大会上，舞台上的高管们展示了他们正在把我们的手机制作得多么令人难以抗拒。然后，每家公司都公布了另外一个东西：帮助你大幅减少手机使用时间的软件。

There’s a reason tech companies are feeling this tension between making phones better and worrying they are already too addictive⁵. We’ve hit what I call Peak Screen.

在制造更好的手机和对手机已经过于成瘾的担心之间，科技公司感受到了这种紧张关系是有原因的。我把这称之为，我们已达到了“屏幕顶峰”。

For much of the last decade, a technology industry ruled by smartphones has pursued a singular goal of completely conquering our eyes. It has given us phones with ever-bigger screens and phones with unbelievable cameras, not to mention virtual reality goggles⁶ and several attempts at camera-glasses.

在过去十年的大部分时间中，被智能手机统治的技术行业所追求的目标一直是完全占领我们的眼睛。它向我们供应越来越大的屏幕，难以置信的摄像头，更别提虚拟现实眼镜和有过多次尝试的摄像头眼镜。

Tech has now captured pretty much all visual capacity. Americans spend three to four hours a day looking at their phones, and about 11 hours a day looking at screens of any kind.

科技现已基本上俘获了我们全部的视力。美国人每天会花三到四个小时盯着手机，看各类屏幕的时间则是11个小时。

So tech giants are building the beginning of something new: a less insistently⁷ visual tech world, a digital landscape that relies on voice assistants, headphones, watches and other wearables to take some pressure off our eyes.

因此，科技巨头正在打造某种新的开头：一个不总是视觉的科技世界，一个依靠声音辅助、耳机、手表以及其他可穿戴设备减轻眼睛负担的数字图景。

This could be a nightmare; we may simply add these new devices to our screen-addled lives. But depending on how these technologies develop, a digital ecosystem⁸ that demands less of our eyes could be better for everyone — less immersive, less addictive, more conducive⁹ to multitasking, less socially awkward, and perhaps even a salve for our politics and social relations.

这可能是个噩梦，我们可能只会把这些新的设备加入我们沉迷屏幕的生活当中。但一种不需那么费眼的数码生态可能对大家都好，具体取决于这些科技将如何发展-少一些浸没、少一些沉迷，更有助于处理多项任务，减少社交尴尬，甚至或许还能拯救我们的政治和社会关系。

There are two ways we may break our fevered addiction¹⁰ to screens.

有两种方法可以让我们摆脱对屏幕的狂热迷恋。

First, we will need to try to use our phones more mindfully, which requires a combination of willpower and technology.

首先，我们需要更用心地使用手机，这需要意志力和技术的结合。

Help is on the way. For the last week, I’ve been using Screen Time, one of the new features in Apple’s next version of its mobile operating system. The software gives you valuable information about how much you are using your phone, and it can even block you from using apps that you deem unhealthy. I found Screen Time very well designed, and I suspect it will profoundly change how we use our phones.

援兵马上就到了。上周，我一直在使用屏幕时间(Screen Time)，它是苹果的下一代移动操作系统的一个新功能。这个软件可以提供有关手机使用情况的宝贵信息，甚至可以阻止你使用那些你认为不健康的应用程序。我发现屏幕时间设计得很好，我觉得它会深刻改变我们使用手机的方式。

But in addition to helping¹¹ us resist phones, the tech industry will need to come up with other, less immersive ways to interact with digital world. Three technologies may help with this: voice assistants, of which Amazon’s Alexa and Google Assistant are the best, and Apple’s two innovations, AirPods and the Apple Watch.

但是，除了帮助我们抵制手机之外，科技行业还需要想出其他不那么容易让我们沉迷其中的与数字世界互动的方式。有三种技术也许可以帮助实现这个目标：语音助手-亚马逊的Alexa和谷歌助手是其中最好的-以及苹果的两个创新产品：AirPods和Apple Watch。

All of these technologies share a common idea. Without big screens, they are far less immersive than a phone, allowing for quick digital hits: You can buy a movie ticket, add a task to a to-do list, glance at a text message or ask about the weather without going anywhere near your Irresistible Screen of Splendors¹².

所有这些技术都有一个共同的想法。它们没有大屏幕，所以远没有手机那么容易让人沉迷，它可以让你快速完成数字任务：你可以买一张电影票，在待办事项清单上增加一项任务，浏览一条短信，或者询问天气情况-你做这一切都无需靠近你无法抗拒的华丽屏幕。

These are all works in progress. Voice assistants still cannot do everything for you, though Google and Amazon have thousands of engineers working to improve them. AirPods are fantastic — they have fewer connection issues than any other wireless¹³ headphones — and after years of refinement¹⁴, the Apple Watch shows you just enough stuff from your phone to make it useful without becoming overbearing.

这些技术都还在完善中。语音助手还不能为你做所有的事，尽管谷歌和亚马逊安排了成千上万名工程师努力改进它们。AirPods很棒-它的连接问题比其他任何无线耳机都少-经过多年改进，Apple Watch能向你展示足够多来自手机的内容，它变得有用却又不会主导你的生活。

If Apple could only improve Siri, its own voice assistant, the Watch and AirPods could combine to make something new: a mobile computer that is not tied to a huge screen, that lets you get stuff done on the go without the danger of being sucked in. Imagine if, instead of tapping endlessly on apps, you could just tell your AirPods, “Make me dinner reservations at 7” or “Check with my wife’s calendar to see when we can have a date night this week.”

如果苹果能改进自己的语音助手Siri，那么苹果手表和AirPods就可以结合起来，变成一种全新的东西：一个没有大屏幕的移动电脑，它可以让你快速完成任务，而不会陷进去。想象一下，你不必在应用程序上不停地敲击，你可以对AirPods说：“预订晚上7点的餐厅桌位”或“查看我妻子的日程，看看这周哪天能搞个约会之夜”。

Apple declined to comment on its plans. There are enough reports, though, that suggest Apple is not blind to such a future. It has plans for improving AirPods, according to Bloomberg, and I’ve been impressed by how steadily¹⁵ the company keeps adding features to the Watch — including the ability, in its latest model, to use it away from your phone.

苹果拒绝就它的计划置评。不过，有足够多的报道表明，苹果并非对这样的未来视而不见。据彭博社(Bloomberg)报道，该公司计划改进AirPods。苹果一直在不断增加苹果手表的功能，这种稳步前进令人赞叹，其中包括它最新款的一个功能-可以远离手机使用它。

Apple has never been scared of disrupting its own best inventions. By rethinking screens, it may have a chance to do that once more.

苹果从来不怕打破自己最好的发明。通过重新思考屏幕，它可能有机会再次这样做。