Guan Zhong(died in 645 B. C.) was a politician in the Spring and Autumn Period. His given name was Yiwu. Zhong was his courtesy name.

管仲，名夷吾，字仲，卒于公元前645年。管仲是春秋时期的一位政治家。

双语阅读之中国历史名人:管仲

Recommended by Bao Shuya，he was appointed Prime Minister by Duke Huan of Qi in 685 B. C..

经由鲍叔牙的举荐，管仲于公元前685年成为齐桓公的国相。

Guan Zhong modernized¹ the state of Qi by starting multiple reforms.

管仲通过多项改革措施使齐国强大了起来。

Politically，he centralized power and divided the state into different villages，each carrying out a specific trade.

政治方面，管仲采取中央集权，把齐国分成不同的村庄，不同的村庄从事不同的职业。

Instead of relying on the traditional aristocracy for manpower, he applied² levies³ to the village units directly.

管仲不再依靠传统贵族作为人力资源，而是直接管理村级单位。

He also developed a better method for choosing talent to be governors.

管仲还发展了一种更好的选拔人才的方法。

Under Guan Zhong，Qi shifted administrative⁴ responsibilities from hereditary⁵ aristocrats⁶ to professional bureaucrats⁷.

在管仲的统治下，齐国的政权从世袭贵族手里转移到了专业官僚手中。

Guan Zhong also introduced several important economic reforms. He created a uniform tax code. He also used state power to encourage the production of salt and iron; historians usually credit Guan Zhong for introducing state monopolies of salt and iron.

管仲也进行了几项重要的经济改革，创造了“相地而衰征”的新税法，还使用政府权力鼓励盐铁生产。历史学家通常把国家对盐铁的羡断经营归功于管仲。

During his term of office，the state of Qi became much stronger and Duke Huan of Qi gained hegemony among the states.

在管仲任期内，齐国强大了许多，成就了齐桓公的霸业。

He is listed as the author of the Guan-Zi，actually a much later(late Warring States ) compilation⁸ of works from the scholars of the Jixia Academy.

管仲被认为是《管子》名义上的作者，实际上是战国后期稷下学者的作品集。