China and Britain Are on a Winning Course

中英踏上双赢之路

By H.E. Li Keqiang

中华人民共和国总理 李克强

Many countries have very high expectations of China, some even to the extent of seeing China as a global power. As the premier¹ of China, I do have a good sense of where things stand.

许多国家对中国期望很高，有些国家甚至将中国视为世界强国。但作为中国的总理，我对中国的国情有清晰的认识。

Indeed, China has achieved a quantum leap in its development, which is regarded as a remarkable² success by the international community. Thanks to the reform and opening-up process started more than 30 years ago, China has substantially improved the livelihoods³ of its people within a generation. Personally, I do recall vividly⁴ my experience of poverty and hunger in my youth, having been sent to work as a farm boy. By 2013, China's grain output had continuously increased over ten consecutive⁵ years and basically met the food needs of the 1.3 billion Chinese. Feeding its people has been considered as an issue "the size of Heaven" since ancient times in China.

的确，中国的发展实现了量的飞跃，国际社会都视其为卓越的成就。30多年前开启的改革开放进程，让中国人民的生活水平在一代人之内得到大幅提升。我个人年少时曾被派往农村劳动，彼时贫穷和饥饿的记忆至今仍历历在目。到2013年，中国的粮食产量已连续10年增长，基本满足了13亿人口的粮食需求。自古以来，人民温饱在中国一直被视为 “天大”的事。

At the same time, China's urbanisation process is steadily⁶ advancing, with more than half of its people now living in cities and towns. Nine-year free compulsory⁷ education is provided, covering 160 million students. A nationwide medical service network has been built, covering all its urban and rural residents. The list can go on and on.

同时，中国的城镇化进程在稳步前进，已有超过一半的人口居住在城镇。九年义务教育惠及一亿六千万学生，基本公共医疗服务覆盖全体城乡居民。这些例子不一而足。

On the other hand, we should keep in mind an old Chinese saying: "One should always be aware of the strength of others and the shortcoming of oneself." China is far from achieving its development goals. Measured by World Bank standards, more than 200 million Chinese still live below the poverty line. Development is quite uneven⁸ between urban and rural areas and among different regions, with the per capita GDP of some inland provinces being just one third of the coastal⁹ region.

另一方面，我们应牢记一句中国古话：“知己之短，学人之长。”中国距离她的发展目标还很遥远。根据世界银行的标准，超过2亿的中国人仍然生活在贫困线下。城乡、区域发展不均衡，内陆某些省份的人均GDP仅为沿海地区的三分之一。

In the process of urbanisation, China faces three pressing tasks, affecting 100 million people each: to help 100 million rural migrants enjoy resident status in cities and towns in eastern China; to accommodate 100 million rural people as local residents in cities and towns in central and western China, and to provide 100 million people living in rundown areas in cities with decent housing. These undertakings¹⁰ have an impact on 300 million people. It is indeed a most daunting¹¹ challenge. A latecomer to modernisation and weighed down by weak economic foundations, China lags far behind the United Kingdom and other western countries in many areas. Its quest for modernisation remains¹² a long and arduous¹³ one. As premier, my highest priority is to pursue modernisation through urbanisation and industrialisation.

城镇化进程中，中国亟需解决“三个1亿人”问题：促进1亿农业转移人口落户东部地区的城镇；引导约1亿人在中西部地区就近城镇化；改造约1亿人居住的城镇棚户区和城中村，使这些地区的居民有较好的居住条件。这些工作将影响3亿居民，是对我们巨大的挑战。作为现代化进程中的后来者，中国经济基础薄弱，在许多方面远远落后于英国和其他西方国家。中国追求现代化的道路注定艰辛而漫长。作为总理，我的首要任务是通过城镇化和工业化带动现代化。

China's economy needs to grow at a proper rate, expected to be around 7.5 per cent this year. It is slower than the past, but normal. Given the size of China's economy, its annual economic increment¹⁴ is about one trillion US dollars. The growth rate in the first quarter of 2014 was 7.4 per cent. Despite considerable downward pressure, China's economy is moving on a steady course. We will continue to make anticipatory¹⁵ and moderate adjustments when necessary. We are well prepared to defuse various risks. We are confident that this year's growth target will be met.

中国经济需要以适当的速度增长，今年预期的增速是7.5%。这个速度低于以往，但仍在正常区间。以中国经济的规模来看，这样的增长将带来相当于约一万亿美元的年度经济增量。2014年第一季度，中国的经济增长率为7.4%。尽管有相当大的下行压力，中国经济正在稳步前进。我们将继续在必要时做出预见性和适度的调整，我们有充分的准备去化解各种风险。我们有信心实现今年的增长目标。

Reform and opening up in the past three decades have delivered better livelihoods for the Chinese people. And reform and opening up remain key to realise modernisation. To achieve this goal, we need to stay the course on market-orientated reform, energise the market, motivate the people, bring out their ingenuity¹⁶ and open China still wider to the outside world.

过去三十年的改革开放，使中国人民的生活水平得到提高。今后，改革开放仍是实现现代化的关键。为达到这个目标，我们需坚持以市场为导向的改革，激发市场活力，调动人民积极性和创造力，加大开放力度。

We will delegate power and create more space to individuals and the private sector¹⁷ for economic activities, while enforcing government regulations with tighter oversight¹⁸, and imposing¹⁹ tougher penalties on IPR infringement²⁰, environmental pollution and unfair competition. This will give foreign investors²¹ the same level playing field and greater space for development, just like their Chinese counterparts.

我们将在经济活动中向个人以及民营资本放权，为他们创造更多空间，同时加强政府监管，并对侵犯知识产权、环境污染和不正当竞争行为实施更严格的处罚。这将为境外投资者提供公平的竞争环境和更大的发展空间，享受与中国投资者相同的待遇。

The United Kingdom is a great country and an important partner of China. My visit has a threefold purpose: first, to discuss ways to deepen co-operation in various fields and thus spur the growth of our respective economies; second, to present the real China so as to change misperceptions and ease misgivings²²; and third, to draw on British perspectives and experience.

英国是一个伟大的国家，是中国重要的合作伙伴。我此次出访有三重目的：第一，探讨加深多领域的合作的途径，促进两国经济增长；第二，向英国展示真正的中国，从而改变误解并消除顾虑；第三，借鉴英国的观点和经验。

The United Kingdom has a strong economy, dynamic financial sector, advanced science and technologies; and it leads the world in energy conservation and environmental protection. China, for its part, has a huge market, large foreign exchange reserves and a competitive manufacturing sector. Drawing on our complementary strengths, there are many areas for collaboration²³. We look forward to stronger co-operation in finance, infrastructure²⁴ construction, among others, and more robust²⁵ exchanges in research, education, and culture. We look forward to win-win engagements.

英国经济实力强劲，拥有活跃的金融系统和先进的科学技术，在能源和环境保护方面出于世界领先地位。而中国有巨大的市场、庞大的外汇储备，以及有竞争力的制造业。我们的优势互补带来多领域的合作机会。我期待两国在金融和基础设施建设等方面能够加强合作，并推动科学研究、教育与文化等领域的密切交流。我们期待在合作中实现双赢。

In the 20th century, after going through the baptism of two world wars and a cold war, humankind has realised that nothing is more valuable than peace. In today's globalised environment, nations can develop together in a peaceful manner. While the world continues to face challenges and differences, we need to be steadfast²⁶ in insisting on addressing them through dialogue and consultation²⁷. Nothing can make us turn our back on peace.

回望20世纪，在历经两次世界大战和冷战的洗礼后，人类认识到，和平的价值高于一切。在今天的全球化环境中，各国可以用和平的方式实现共同发展。虽然我们仍然面临挑战和分歧，但我们需要坚持通过对话和协商来解决问题的原则不能改变。没有任何事情能让我们背弃和平。

China is a beneficiary and a contributor to peace. We appreciate fully²⁸ the difficulty in building peace and the greater difficulty in sustaining it. As a major country on the world stage, China would dedicate itself to securing peace and co-operation. China is eager to learn from other nations, will keep abreast²⁹ of the trend of the times, will actively³⁰ engage in global dialogue, and will promote the 21st century as an era of peace and co-operation.

中国受益于和平，也是世界和平的积极构建者。我们深知，创造和平是困难的，而维护和平更为艰难。中国作为世界舞台上的主要国家之一，将致力于捍卫和平与合作。中国迫切希望向别国学习，与时俱进，积极参与国际对话，并使21世纪成为和平与合作的时代。