世人皆知乔布斯创造了世界上最为成功的公司之一，同样为人熟知的是他喜欢咒骂员工。然而， 最新一项研究称高傲自大、坚决主张的性格帮他走向了成功。

Researchers from Pen State’s College of Liberal Arts and Stony¹ Brook² University conducted a two part experimental study to understand why those with headstrong personalities³ are more successful.

来自宾夕法尼亚州立大学人文学院和纽约州立大学石溪分校的研究人员分两步做了一项实验，以了解缘何性格固执倔强的人更成功。

In the first part of the study, 200 students took a series of personality tests that measured how disagreeable they were and their ability to come up with original ideas. Then each participant spent 10 minutes creating a unique marketing⁴ campaign for the online campus of their university. And for another 20 minutes, they broke off into groups of three to work on a joint campaign.

第一部分的研究里，200名学生参加了一些列性格测试，衡量其性格有多不讨人喜欢及其想出原创点子的能力。然后，每个参与者花10分钟时间为网上校区创设一个市场活动。另外一段20分钟的时间里，分成三人一组做合作项目。

As predicted, being a jerk isn't advantageous⁵ for coming up with useful, original ideas, but it does seem to be advantageous for getting your ideas heard, especially in an environment consisting of pushy⁶ character.The ideas that were used in the group were from individuals who were pushy about their campaigns.

和预期的一样，表现得“混蛋”些对想出有用、富有创意的点子并无裨益，但确实有助让别人听到自己的想法，尤其是在逼迫人心的大环境里。团队中所采纳的想法都来自于对项目比较心急的个体成员。

The second part of the study observed how students would do in certain group contexts. About 300 students worked alone to create a gift that would impress others visiting their campus. Next, they were told they would be video chatting with two other members of their group to share their ideas.

研究的第二部分观察到学生在特定的小组活动中的表现。约有300名学生单独作业创制一份可以打动校园来访人员的礼物。接下来，告知这些学生他们将会和小组其他两名成员视频对话来交流分享想法。

What the students didn’t know is that their online group members were actually assistants working for the researchers, who were told to give either supportive or negative feedback. This time, students were likely to only share their ideas if their ‘partners’ had smart ideas and gave negative feedback. In other words, the disagreeable individuals don't worry about the possibility that someone won't like their ideas.

学生们有所不知的是网上的小组成员实际是研究的助手，事先被告知要给出正面或是负面的反馈。这一次，只有“小伙伴”有好点子和给予负面反馈的情况，学生们才愿意把想法分享给对他们。换句话说，性格不讨喜者并不担心别人会不喜欢他们的想法。

The study suggests that individuals who are disagreeable or 'jerks' are more successful because they are better at getting their ideas heard in a group and that in supportive environments, may be useful because agreeable people will be more receptive to positive feedback.

研究显示，性格不讨喜的或者比较“混蛋”的更容易取得成功，因为他们善于在团队中让别人听取他们的想法。