1.Russians

1.俄罗斯人

Scientists still cannot agree on their origins and answer the question when Russians became Russian.The ancestry¹ of Russians were sought among Normans, Scythians, and Sarmatians, and even the South Siberian Usuns.

俄罗斯人从何而来？究竟又是何时成为如今的俄罗斯人？科学家们意见不一，也无从回答。诺曼人、斯基泰人、萨尔马特人和南西伯利亚乌孙人里都有俄罗斯人的祖先。

2.Maya

2.玛雅人

Some scientists believe that they are connected to legendary² atlantes, others suppose their ancestors were Egyptians.The Maya created an efficient agricultural system, had deep astronomy knowledge.Their calendar was used by other peoples of Central America.Maya applied³ hieroglyphic⁴ writing system.Now it seems that the Maya came from nowhere and disappeared nowhere.

有部分科学家认为玛雅人和传奇的男像柱有关，另一些科学家认为玛雅人的祖先是欧洲人。玛雅人发明了高效的农业体系，有深厚的天文学知识。中美其他民族都用玛雅人的日历。玛雅人运用象形文字书写体系。如今，似乎无人知晓玛雅人从何而来，又如何销声匿迹的。

3.Prussians

3.普鲁士人

Their origin itself is a mystery too.It was firstly mentioned in the IX century in the records of an anonymous⁵ merchant and later in Polish and German chronicles.Linguists⁶ find its analogies in various Indo-European languages.In the XVII began the history of Prussianism.

普鲁士人源自何方也是个谜。最初在9世纪某无名商人的记录中有记载，后来在波兰和德国的编年史中有所提及。语言学家发现在印欧语系的多门语言中都能找到与其相类似的。普鲁士精神始于17世纪。

4.Sumerians

4.苏美尔人

Must be one of the most mysterious peoples in the ancient world.We know nothing about their origin and nothing about the origin of their language.The Sumerians were rather advanced – they became the first in the Near East to use a wheel, to create an irrigation system and their unique writing, besides, they were impressively good at maths and astronomy.

苏美尔人一定是古时最神秘的种族之一，对于其起源及语言我们一无所知。苏美尔人一度非常先进，在近东地区最先使用轮子、创造了灌溉系统和独一无二的书写体系。此外，苏美尔人数学和天文学水平尤为出众。

5.Gipsies

5.吉普赛人

According to the linguistic⁷ and genetic⁸ researches, ancestors of the Gipsies left the territory of India in the amount that did not exceed 1000 people.Today there are approximately 10 million Gipsies in the world.In the Middle Ages Europeans believed that Gipsies were Egyptians.

根据语言学和遗传学研究发现，吉普赛人的祖先离开印度领土的时候人数不超过1000人。而今，世界有一千万吉普赛人。中世纪的欧洲人认为吉普赛人是欧洲人。

6.Philistines⁹

6.腓力斯人

The Philistines are the most mysterious peoples mentioned in the Bible.Only them and Hittites knew the technology of steel production and they marked the start of the Iron Age.According to the Bible, the Philistines originate from Caphtor Island (Crete).

腓力斯人是《圣经》中提到最为神秘的种族。只有腓力斯人和赫梯人了解钢铁生产技术，标志了铁器时代的开始。《圣经》上说腓力斯人来自迦斐托岛（克里特岛）。

7.Basques

7.巴斯克人

The Basque language, Euskara, is believed to be the only relic¹⁰ pre-Indo-European language that does not belong to any language group that exists today.According to the research of National Geographic¹¹ made in 2012 all Basques have a set of genes¹² that are pretty much different from those of other peoples around them.

巴斯克语被视为文化遗产，是唯一不属于任何语言群体的前印欧语系语言。根据《国家地理》2012年的研究，所有巴斯克人都有一组与其周边种族大不相同的基因。

8.Sarmatians

8.萨尔马特人

The Sarmatians left a lot of secrets.Perhaps they had matriarchy, some scientists suppose that Russian kokoshnik was invented by the Sarmatians.These people had a tradition of an artificial skull¹³ deformation¹⁴, that enabled people to have egg-shaped heads.

萨尔马特人有许多秘密。也许他们是母系社会，一些科学家认为俄罗斯卡柯史尼克（卡柯史尼克头冠）就是萨尔马特人发明的。萨尔马特人有人工颅骨变形的传统，让人可以拥有鸡蛋形状的头颅。