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基因测试或将助乳腺癌患者避免化疗
添加时间:2016-08-27 20:48:47 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • More than a hundred thousand women diagnosed with breast cancer in Europe and the US each year could avoid chemotherapy by taking a gene test made by Agendia, a Dutch biotech group, which can attempt to predict whether the disease is likely to return.

    通过接受一家荷兰生物科技集团Agendia开发的一项基因测试,每年确诊患有乳腺癌的逾10万名欧美女性可能不必接受化疗。Agendia可以尝试预测癌症有无复发可能。

    Women with early-stage breast cancer are often given chemotherapy after surgery if their tumours1 are over a certain size or have started to spread to the lymph nodes, factors which suggest they have a high clinical risk of suffering a recurrence2.

    被确诊患有早期乳腺癌的女性,如果肿瘤尺寸超过一定范围或者开始扩散到淋巴结(这些因素暗示,癌症复发的临床风险非常高),那么通常会在手术之后接受化疗。

    But many of them are believed to gain little benefit from undergoing the punishing therapy.

    但据信她们中许多人接受这种折磨人的治疗之后,几乎没有收到任何疗效。

    According to the results of a large clinical study, to be published in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) on Thursday,

    根据周四发表于《新英格兰医学杂志》(NEJM)上的一项大型临床研究的结果,

    patients who were deemed by the test to have a low genomic risk of recurrent cancer — and who subsequently did not receive chemotherapy — had a similar chance of surviving compared with those who were given the toxic3 treatment.

    测试后被认为从基因组角度衡量癌症复发风险很低——并且随后没有接受化疗——的患者,其生存概率跟那些接受了这种有毒性的疗法的患者差不多。

    Agendia said that of the roughly 445,000 women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer each year in Europe and the US, around 102,000 of them could be able to forego chemotherapy after taking the so-called MammaPrint test.

    Agendia表示,在大约44.5万名每年被确认患有早期乳腺癌的欧美女性中,10.2万人在经过所谓MammaPrint测试之后,可能有能力放弃化疗。

    The MammaPrint test costs roughly $3,000, but could result in a net reduction in healthcare costs given that a round of chemotherapy costs about $26,000 per patient.

    MammaPrint测试的费用约为3000美元,但鉴于每名患者的一轮化疗费用约为2.6万美元,该测试可能实现医疗费用的净减少。

    The five-year clinical study of more than 5,000 women found that 94.7 per cent of patients who were categorised as lower-risk by the test survived without their cancer returning and spreading to other parts of the body, about 1.5 per cent lower than those who did receive chemotherapy.

    针对逾5000名女性、为期5年的临床研究发现,在被MammaPrint测试认为复发风险更低的患者中,94.7%的人活了下来,癌症并未复发或者扩散到身体其他部位,相比确实接受过化疗的患者低了1.5%。

    The MammaPrint test scans biopsies of tumours for 70 genes4 that govern whether cancerous cells are likely to multiply or invade healthy tissues to determine if there is a high chance of the disease returning even after patients have undergone surgery.

    MammaPrint测试对肿瘤的活体组织切片进行扫描,查找掌管癌细胞是否可能会繁殖或入侵健康组织的70种基因,从而判定在患者即便经历手术之后,癌症复发的可能性是否很高。

    The findings come as oncologists try to find treatment plans that are less burdensome, especially for women suffering from breast cancer, who sometimes undergo major surgery such as a double mastectomy even when there is a low risk of their disease recurring5.

    这一研究结果公布之时,肿瘤学家们正尝试寻找负担更小(尤其是对乳腺癌女患者而言)的治疗方案。即使癌症复发的风险很低,这些女患者有时也会进行双侧乳腺切除等大手术。

     8级    英语新闻 
     单词标签: tumours  recurrence  toxic  genes  recurring 


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    1 tumours [ˈtju:məz] 6654305f758b5b5576a74cb007e8d079   第9级
    肿瘤( tumour的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • Blood vessels develop abnormally in cancer tumours. 在癌肿瘤中血管出现不正常。
    • This apparatus scans patients' brains for tumours. 这台仪器扫描检查病人的脑瘤。
    2 recurrence [rɪˈkʌrəns] ckazKP   第9级
    n.复发,反复,重现
    参考例句:
    • More care in the future will prevent recurrence of the mistake. 将来的小心可防止错误的重现。
    • He was aware of the possibility of a recurrence of his illness. 他知道他的病有可能复发。
    3 toxic [ˈtɒksɪk] inSwc   第7级
    adj.有毒的,因中毒引起的
    参考例句:
    • The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea. 这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。
    • There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere. 爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。
    4 genes [dʒi:nz] 01914f8eac35d7e14afa065217edd8c0   第7级
    n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
    5 recurring [ri'kə:riŋ] 8kLzK8   第7级
    adj.往复的,再次发生的
    参考例句:
    • This kind of problem is recurring often. 这类问题经常发生。
    • For our own country, it has been a time for recurring trial. 就我们国家而言,它经过了一个反复考验的时期。

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