As the world's oceans heat up, salmon¹ are migrating earlier. Plankton² are shifting their range.

由于全球海洋升温，所以鲑鱼洄游的时间提前了。浮游生物也在改变它们的生存范围。

But warmer water temperatures also mean warmer fish—and faster-running metabolisms⁴.

而水温升高也意味着鱼类的体温升高，新陈代谢也会加快。

"Fish that are in water of higher temperature have a higher metabolic⁵ rate, meaning they have to consume more oxygen," said Daniel Pauly, a fisheries scientist at the University of British Columbia.

英国哥伦比亚大学的渔业科学家丹尼尔·保利表示：“在高温水中生活的鱼类的新陈代谢率也较高，这表明它们要消耗更多氧气。”

"Because essentially⁶ the whole metabolism³, all the chemical reactions in your body, are accelerated."

“因为从本质上说，体内整个新陈代谢和所有的化学反应都在加速。”

So, how about growing bigger gills to allow for more oxygen intake⁷? Pauly did the physiological⁸ math, and concluded that bigger gills just won't do the job.

那要是通过长出更大的鱼鳃来摄入更多氧气呢？保利就此进行了生理学运算，结论是鱼鳃变大并不能吸入更多氧气。

Because he says gills, being relatively⁹ two-dimensional, simply can't keep up with the three-dimensional growth of the rest of a fish's body.

他表示，因为相对来说鱼鳃的结构是平面的，而其它部位是立体的，所以鱼鳃变大跟不上身体增长的氧气需求。

Instead, Pauly's calculations suggest that, to feed their increasing need for oxygen, fish of all kinds may actually shrink as a result of climate change.

相反，保利的计算表明，为了满足自身日益增长的氧气需求，所有鱼类的体型可能都会缩小，这就是气候变化造成的后果。

With decreased supply, they'll need to lower demand. The study is in the journal Global Change Biology.

随着供给减少，它们的需求也会减少。这项研究结果发表在《全球变化生物学》期刊上。

One more detail bears mentioning: that is the warmer water also holds less dissolved oxygen. "So the two effects, increased demand and the lowered supply are working towards making the fish smaller."

还有一个细节值得一提：水温升高会导致水中的溶解氧含量减少。“因此，需求增加和供给减少这两种因素共同作用，会使鱼类体型变小。”