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眼皮为什么会跳?
添加时间:2018-05-14 20:49:05 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • There you are, minding your own business, when your eye starts to spasm1 out of control. It’s a very annoying feeling which can persist for hours. But is there any cause for alarm? Trinidadians have quite a rich collection of superstitions2 concerning jumping eyes. For instance, if your right eye jumps, you are going to hear good news, and if your left eye jumps, you are going to hear bad news. Superstitions aside, the short answer is that a twitching4 eye is totally fine, although in some exceptional cases it may underlie5 a neurological condition.

    有时候,当你专注于做事的时候,你的眼皮开始不受控制地跳动。这是一种令人很烦躁的感觉,有时会持续几个小时。怎么会这样?对此特立尼达人有许多迷信的解释。比如,如果是右眼皮跳,那么你将会听到好消息;而如果是左眼皮跳,那么你会听到不好的消息。抛开迷信解释不谈,对于眼皮跳原因的简短解释是,没啥大碍。虽然,在个别情况下它可能是某种神经疾病的起因。

    Eye spasm is characterized by the spontaneous contractions6 of muscle without muscular atrophy7 or weakness. You might have experienced an involuntary muscle spasm in your knee or elbow. The same can happen to the orbicularis oculi muscle (the muscle in the face that closes the eyelids9).

    眼皮跳动是一种自发的肌肉收缩,不伴有肌肉萎缩或肌肉无力。你可能经历过膝盖或者肘部的肌肉无意识抽搐。同样的情况也会发生在眼轮匝肌(眼睑附近的肌肉)上。

    Eye spams are typically unilateral, occurring in one of the lower eyelids. Sometimes, both eyelids may be involved but the fascicular contractions of each eyelid8 is independent of each other. The transient and intermittent10 twitching is semi-rhythmic at a rate of 3-8 Hz.

    眼皮抽搐通常出现在某一边的下眼睑上。有时候可能会涉及两边的眼睑,不过两边眼睑的肌肉收缩彼此独立。这种短暂且间歇性抽搐的频率在3-8赫兹。

    In the majority of cases, eyelid spasms11 are no cause for concern. These are usually self-limiting and benign12, so medical intervention13 is typically unnecessary. Very rarely, eyelid myokymia may occur as a precursor14 of hemifacial spasm, blepharospasm, Meige syndrome15, spastic-paretic facial contracture, and multiple sclerosis.

    在大部分情况下,眼皮抽搐没什么好担心的。它们通常是一种自我限制的良性问题,没必要去医院检查。但在很罕见的情况下,肌纤维颤搐可能是面肌痉挛、眼睑痉挛、麦杰综合征、痉挛性麻痹面部抽搐以及多发性硬化的前兆。

    下面是眼皮跳最常见的原因。

    Stress 压力

    This is the number-one reason for a twitching eye, according to ophthalmologists. When we’re under a lot of pressure, the body releases stress hormones16 (cortisol) which triggers a “fight or flight” response. One immediate17 consequence18 is muscle arousal, which may affect eyelid muscles as well. This may be a good time to see your friends, unwind, or meditate19 in order to reduce the stress that might be causing the twitching eye.

    眼科医师表示,压力是引起眼皮跳的最主要因素。当我们感受到很大压力时,身体会释放压力荷尔蒙,引发“战或逃”反应。该反应最直接的结果是肌肉被唤醒,从而可能影响眼睑肌肉。对于你而言,这是一个探望朋友、放松或者冥想以减轻压力的好时机。

    Fatigue20 疲劳

    Not getting enough sleep or working too much overtime21 may cause your eye to complain. Scientists aren’t sure why, but they’ve found that getting more rest will make the symptoms subside22.

    得不到足够睡眠或者加班过多可能会使你的眼睛“抱怨”。科学家们并不确定其中的原因为何,但他们发现多休息能减轻症状。

    Dry eyes 眼干涩

    More and more people work office jobs that involve a lot of sitting and staring at a computer screen. This sort of lifestyle can lead to dry eye syndrome (DES), also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). Dry eye syndrome is caused by a chronic23 lack of sufficient lubrication and moisture on the surface of the eye. When our eyes are too dry, they might involuntarily start twitching to keep them moisturized. This repeated blinking can trick the brain into making one or both eyes twitch3 even more. To avoid DES, use eye drops if you use the computer for more than seven hours a day and make sure to look away from the screen at least once every 20 minutes.

    越来越多的人在办公室里工作,需要长时间坐着并盯着电脑屏幕。这种生活方式会导致干眼症,也叫作干燥性角膜结膜炎。干眼症由眼睛表面长期缺乏润滑和滋润导致。当我们的眼睛太干燥时,它们也许会通过自发的眼皮跳动来保持湿润。眼睛不停眨会影响大脑,让一只或者两只眼睛的眼皮跳动更频繁。为了避免干眼症,如果你每天用电脑的时间超过七小时,那么你可以使用滴眼液,并确保自己每隔二十分钟让眼睛至少休息一次。

    Caffeine and alcohol 咖啡因和酒精

    Caffeine and alcohol have seemingly polar effects on the body. One is a stimulant24 while the other is an inhibitor — but both can bring a twitching eye when used in excess. It’s important to stay hydrated and to avoid real or artificial sugars when this happens.

    咖啡因和酒精对身体似乎有两极性影响。一种是兴奋作用而另外一种是抑制作用,而它们在饮用过量的时候都会导致眼皮乱跳。这时你需要补水并避免食用天然糖或者人造糖。

    Mineral deficiencies 缺乏矿物质

    A jumping eye might be triggered by magnesium25 deficiency. If the twitch persists, it’s a good idea to get your magnesium levels checked with a simple blood test. If you really are magnesium deficient26, you should focus on eating more foods like almonds, oatmeal, or spinach27. You can also take magnesium supplements to meet daily Mg needs.

    眼皮乱跳可能由缺镁导致。如果眼皮一直乱跳,那么你可以通过简单的血液测试来检查体内的镁含量。如果真的缺镁,就要多吃杏仁、燕麦片和菠菜,还可以服用镁补充剂来满足日常镁需求。

    Eyelid infection 眼睑感染

    Blepharitis occurs when bacteria infect your eyelids, causing inflammation and redness. This makes the muscles around the eye twitchy. Other symptoms include burning or stinging eyes, dandruff at the base of the eye, and grittiness. The treatment of blepharitis should begin with a visit with your eye doctor to determine the cause of your sore, red, itchy eyelids. Eyelid hygiene28 is very helpful to treat and control blepharitis, and a good place to begin is applying a wet clean warm compress to melt any blocked residue29 around the eyelid. Repeat this several times a day.

    眼睑有细菌感染时,就会患上睑缘炎,它会导致眼睛发炎和红肿。这会导致眼睛周围的肌肉颤动。其他症状还包括眼睛灼痛、剧痛,眼睛底部出现皮屑和异物感。这时你应该去看眼科医生,了解眼睑肿痛发痒的病因。保持眼睑卫生有助于治疗和控制睑缘炎,可以用干净的热敷布来按压眼睛,融化眼睑里残留的阻塞物,一天重复几次。

     12级    英文科普 


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    1 spasm [ˈspæzəm] dFJzH   第10级
    n.痉挛,抽搐;一阵发作
    参考例句:
    • When the spasm passed, it left him weak and sweating. 一阵痉挛之后,他虚弱无力,一直冒汗。
    • He kicked the chair in a spasm of impatience. 他突然变得不耐烦,一脚踢向椅子。
    2 superstitions [ˌsju:pəˈstiʃənz] bf6d10d6085a510f371db29a9b4f8c2f   第7级
    迷信,迷信行为( superstition的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • Old superstitions seem incredible to educated people. 旧的迷信对于受过教育的人来说是不可思议的。
    • Do away with all fetishes and superstitions. 破除一切盲目崇拜和迷信。
    3 twitch [twɪtʃ] jK3ze   第9级
    vi.急拉,抽动,痉挛,抽搐;vt. 使抽动;攫取;猛拉;n.扯,阵痛,痉挛
    参考例句:
    • The smell made my dog's nose twitch. 那股气味使我的狗的鼻子抽动着。
    • I felt a twitch at my sleeve. 我觉得有人扯了一下我的袖子。
    4 twitching ['twɪtʃɪŋ] 97f99ba519862a2bc691c280cee4d4cf   第9级
    n.颤搐
    参考例句:
    • The child in a spasm kept twitching his arms and legs. 那个害痉挛的孩子四肢不断地抽搐。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
    • My eyelids keep twitching all the time. 我眼皮老是跳。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
    5 underlie [ˌʌndəˈlaɪ] AkSwu   第7级
    vt.位于...之下,成为...的基础
    参考例句:
    • Technology improvements underlie these trends. 科技进步将成为此发展趋势的基础。
    • Many facts underlie my decision. 我的决定是以许多事实为依据的。
    6 contractions [kənˈtrækʃənz] 322669f84f436ca5d7fcc2d36731876a   第8级
    n.收缩( contraction的名词复数 );缩减;缩略词;(分娩时)子宫收缩
    参考例句:
    • Contractions are much more common in speech than in writing. 缩略词在口语里比在书写中常见得多。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • Muscle contractions are powered by the chemical adenosine triphosphate(ATP ). 肌肉收缩是由化学物质三磷酸腺苷(ATP)提供动力的。 来自辞典例句
    7 atrophy [ˈætrəfi] 3eWyU   第10级
    n./v.萎缩,虚脱,衰退
    参考例句:
    • Patients exercised their atrophied limbs in the swimming pool. 病人们在泳池里锻炼萎缩的四肢。
    • Many hoped he would renew the country's atrophied political system. 很多人都期望他能使该国萎靡的政治体系振作起来。
    8 eyelid [ˈaɪlɪd] zlcxj   第8级
    n.眼睑,眼皮
    参考例句:
    • She lifted one eyelid to see what he was doing. 她抬起一只眼皮看看他在做什么。
    • My eyelid has been tumid since yesterday. 从昨天起,我的眼皮就肿了。
    9 eyelids ['aɪlɪds] 86ece0ca18a95664f58bda5de252f4e7   第8级
    n.眼睑( eyelid的名词复数 );眼睛也不眨一下;不露声色;面不改色
    参考例句:
    • She was so tired, her eyelids were beginning to droop. 她太疲倦了,眼睑开始往下垂。
    • Her eyelids drooped as if she were on the verge of sleep. 她眼睑低垂好像快要睡着的样子。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    10 intermittent [ˌɪntəˈmɪtənt] ebCzV   第7级
    adj.间歇的,断断续续的
    参考例句:
    • Did you hear the intermittent sound outside? 你听见外面时断时续的声音了吗?|||In the daytime intermittent rains freshened all the earth. 白天里,时断时续地下着雨,使整个大地都生气勃勃了。
    11 spasms [ˈspæzəmz] 5efd55f177f67cd5244e9e2b74500241   第10级
    n.痉挛( spasm的名词复数 );抽搐;(能量、行为等的)突发;发作
    参考例句:
    • After the patient received acupuncture treatment,his spasms eased off somewhat. 病人接受针刺治疗后,痉挛稍微减轻了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • The smile died, squeezed out by spasms of anticipation and anxiety. 一阵阵预测和焦虑把她脸上的微笑挤掉了。 来自辞典例句
    12 benign [bɪˈnaɪn] 2t2zw   第7级
    adj.善良的,慈祥的;良性的,无危险的
    参考例句:
    • The benign weather brought North America a bumper crop. 温和的气候给北美带来大丰收。
    • Martha is a benign old lady. 玛莎是个仁慈的老妇人。
    13 intervention [ˌɪntə'venʃn] e5sxZ   第7级
    n.介入,干涉,干预
    参考例句:
    • The government's intervention in this dispute will not help. 政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
    • Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention. 许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。
    14 precursor [pri:ˈkɜ:sə(r)] rPOx1   第9级
    n.先驱者;前辈;前任;预兆;先兆
    参考例句:
    • Error is often the precursor of what is correct. 错误常常是正确的先导。
    • He said that the deal should not be seen as a precursor to a merger. 他说该笔交易不应该被看作是合并的前兆。
    15 syndrome [ˈsɪndrəʊm] uqBwu   第7级
    n.综合病症;并存特性
    参考例句:
    • The Institute says that an unidentified virus is to blame for the syndrome. 该研究所表示,引起这种综合症的是一种尚未确认的病毒。
    • Results indicated that 11 fetuses had Down syndrome. 结果表明有11个胎儿患有唐氏综合征。
    16 hormones ['hɔ:məʊn] hormones   第8级
    n. 荷尔蒙,激素 名词hormone的复数形式
    参考例句:
    • This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body. 这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
    • The adrenals produce a large per cent of a man's sex hormones. 肾上腺分泌人体的大部分性激素。
    17 immediate [ɪˈmi:diət] aapxh   第7级
    adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;紧靠的
    参考例句:
    • His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call. 他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
    • We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting. 我们主张立即召开这个会议。
    18 consequence [ˈkɒnsɪkwəns] Jajyr   第8级
    n.结果,后果;推理,推断;重要性
    参考例句:
    • The consequence was that he caught a bad cold. 结果是他得了重感冒。
    • In consequence he lost his place. 结果,他失去了他的位置。
    19 meditate [ˈmedɪteɪt] 4jOys   第8级
    vt. 考虑;计划;企图 vi. 冥想;沉思
    参考例句:
    • It is important to meditate on the meaning of life. 思考人生的意义很重要。
    • I was meditating, and reached a higher state of consciousness. 我在冥想,并进入了一个更高的意识境界。
    20 fatigue [fəˈti:g] PhVzV   第7级
    n.疲劳,劳累
    参考例句:
    • The old lady can't bear the fatigue of a long journey. 这位老妇人不能忍受长途旅行的疲劳。
    • I have got over my weakness and fatigue. 我已从虚弱和疲劳中恢复过来了。
    21 overtime [ˈəʊvətaɪm] aKqxn   第7级
    adj.超时的,加班的;adv.加班地
    参考例句:
    • They are working overtime to finish the work. 为了完成任务他们正在加班加点地工作。
    • He was paid for the overtime he worked. 他领到了加班费。
    22 subside [səbˈsaɪd] OHyzt   第9级
    vi.平静,平息;下沉,塌陷,沉降
    参考例句:
    • The emotional reaction which results from a serious accident takes time to subside. 严重事故所引起的情绪化的反应需要时间来平息。
    • The controversies surrounding population growth are unlikely to subside soon. 围绕着人口增长问题的争论看来不会很快平息。
    23 chronic [ˈkrɒnɪk] BO9zl   第7级
    adj.(疾病)长期未愈的,慢性的;极坏的
    参考例句:
    • Famine differs from chronic malnutrition. 饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
    • Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition. 慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。
    24 stimulant [ˈstɪmjələnt] fFKy4   第9级
    n.刺激物,兴奋剂
    参考例句:
    • It is used in medicine for its stimulant quality. 由于它有兴奋剂的特性而被应用于医学。
    • Musk is used for perfume and stimulant. 麝香可以用作香料和兴奋剂。
    25 magnesium [mægˈni:ziəm] bRiz8   第9级
    n.镁
    参考例句:
    • Magnesium is the nutrient element in plant growth. 镁是植物生长的营养要素。
    • The water contains high amounts of magnesium. 这水含有大量的镁。
    26 deficient [dɪˈfɪʃnt] Cmszv   第9级
    adj.不足的,不充份的,有缺陷的
    参考例句:
    • The crops are suffering from deficient rain. 庄稼因雨量不足而遭受损害。
    • I always have been deficient in selfconfidence and decision. 我向来缺乏自信和果断。
    27 spinach [ˈspɪnɪtʃ] Dhuzr5   第10级
    n.菠菜
    参考例句:
    • Eating spinach is supposed to make you strong. 据说吃菠菜能使人强壮。
    • You should eat such vegetables as carrot, celery and spinach. 你应该吃胡萝卜,芹菜和菠菜这类的蔬菜。
    28 hygiene [ˈhaɪdʒi:n] Kchzr   第8级
    n.健康法,卫生学 (a.hygienic)
    参考例句:
    • Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory. 他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。
    • He's going to give us a lecture on public hygiene. 他要给我们作关于公共卫生方面的报告。
    29 residue [ˈrezɪdju:] 6B0z1   第9级
    n.残余,剩余,残渣
    参考例句:
    • Mary scraped the residue of food from the plates before putting them under water. 玛丽在把盘子放入水之前先刮去上面的食物残渣。
    • Pesticide persistence beyond the critical period for control leads to residue problems. 农药一旦超过控制的临界期,就会导致残留问题。

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