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最有效的戒烟方法就是直接给钱
添加时间:2018-06-04 15:33:47 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • Providing free electronic cigarettes or other stop-smoking products to employees to get them to give up real cigarettes is less effective than the threat of taking away a cash reward for quitting, according to a new study that weighs the effectiveness of a variety of workplace incentive1 programs.

    一项衡量了各种工作场所激励计划的有效性的新研究称,与其为员工提供免费电子香烟或其他戒烟产品让他们戒烟,还不如采用现金奖励的方法更有效。

    The findings, published in The New England Journal of Medicine, call into question the claims by e-cigarette enthusiasts2 that the devices may be better than traditional quit aids at helping3 smokers4 to stop.

    这项发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》上的研究结果,质疑了电子烟爱好者关于电子烟可能比传统戒烟方法更能帮助吸烟者戒烟的观点。

    "Do they help people stop smoking? The answer to that is clearly no," lead author Dr. Scott Halpern, of the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine in Philadelphia, said in a telephone interview.

    费城宾夕法尼亚大学佩雷尔曼医学院的斯科特·哈尔伯恩博士在接受电话采访时表示:“它们能帮助人们戒烟吗?答案显然是否定的。”

    "We cannot detect any evidence that they are better than offering free conventional smoking cessation aids or just providing information."

    “我们没有任何证据表明电子烟比提供免费的传统戒烟指南或相关信息更好。”

    The study is also significant because it may be the first to look at programs to get all smoking employees to quit.

    这项研究很重要,因为它可能是第一个考虑让所有吸烟员工戒烟的项目。

    The results show that if the motivation isn't there, neither are the positive results.

    结果表明,如果动机不存在,积极的结果也不存在。

    Among 6,006 employees at 54 U.S.-based companies, the six-month smoking abstinence rates for all the strategies were less than 3 percent.

    这项研究的对象是来自54家美国公司的6006名员工,这些公司尝试过多种途径让员工戒烟,但六个月的戒烟率还是低于3%。

    Some of these "engaged" participants were assigned to a group that only received information regarding the benefits of quitting and got access to a service that offered text messages designed to encourage them; in this group, less than 1 percent stayed off cigarettes for six months.

    参与项目的一部分员工被分配到一个小组,他们只是被告知戒烟的好处,项目组也不断地给他们发一些鼓励的短信,最后这组人中只有不到1%的人在六个月内戒了烟。

    The "engaged" workers who also received free smoking cessation aids such as nicotine5 patches, lozenges and gum, or one of the two FDA-approved stop-smoking drugs, had a quit rate of only 2.9 percent.

    另外一部分参与该项目的员工,他们也获得了免费的戒烟辅助品,如尼古丁贴片、含片和口香糖,或者在两种FDA批准的戒烟药物中选择一种,但最终他们的戒烟率只有2.9%。

    Free e-cigarettes, where the participant could pick their flavors, brought the rate up to 4.8 percent, but the difference compared to free patches and the like was not statistically6 meaningful.

    第三组人员可以享受免费的电子烟,参与者可以挑选口味,戒烟比例上升至4.8%,但是由于电子烟是免费供应,因此这种试验结果没有统计学意义。

    In the fourth group, whose participants got the free smoking cessation products plus a cash reward for staying away from tobacco -- $100 for the first month, an additional $200 at the three-month mark and $300 if they stayed smoke-free for six months -- 9.5 percent quit.

    在第四组中的参与者则获得了免费戒烟产品,并给予他们戒烟的现金奖励--一个月不抽烟奖励100美元,3个月不抽额外增加200美元,如果他们连续6个月不抽烟,就再给他们300美元,这时戒烟率达到9.5%。

    That was significantly better performance than workers getting the free cessation aids alone but not a statistically meaningful difference from the e-cigarette group.

    这比单纯的免费戒烟者的表现要好得多,但与抽电子烟那组相比,这种显著差异也没有什么统计学意义。

    The employees who did the best got whatever cessation products they wanted plus $600 in an account with the threat that they would lose the money if they didn't stay smoke-free for six months.

    戒烟最好的一组员工是采取了下面这种措施:首先给他们提供任何他们想要的戒烟产品,然后再在他们的账户上预存600美元,如果他们在6个月以内抽烟了,这笔钱就会被要回。

    Their success rate was 12.7 percent, which was clearly better than those who got e-cigarettes or free cessation aids alone.

    他们的成功率为12.7%,这明显比那些只有电子烟或免费戒烟的人好。

    It reflects an odd psychological quirk7 about human behavior: "People are much more motivated to avoid losing $100 than they are to gain $100, even though, economically, they are flip8 sides of the same coin," Halpern noted9.

    这反映了一种奇怪的关于人类行为的心理怪僻。哈尔伯恩博士称:“相比起获得100美元,人们为了避免损失100美元更有动力,尽管经济从角度来看这只是一枚硬币的两面。”

     9级    双语 


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    1 incentive [ɪnˈsentɪv] j4zy9   第7级
    n.刺激;动力;鼓励;诱因;动机
    参考例句:
    • Money is still a major incentive in most occupations. 在许多职业中,钱仍是主要的鼓励因素。
    • He hasn't much incentive to work hard. 他没有努力工作的动机。
    2 enthusiasts [ɪn'θju:zɪæsts] 7d5827a9c13ecd79a8fd94ebb2537412   第9级
    n.热心人,热衷者( enthusiast的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • A group of enthusiasts have undertaken the reconstruction of a steam locomotive. 一群火车迷已担负起重造蒸汽机车的任务。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • Now a group of enthusiasts are going to have the plane restored. 一群热心人计划修复这架飞机。 来自新概念英语第二册
    3 helping [ˈhelpɪŋ] 2rGzDc   第7级
    n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
    参考例句:
    • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
    • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来,他们在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
    4 smokers [ˈsməʊkəz] d3e72c6ca3bac844ba5aa381bd66edba   第8级
    吸烟者( smoker的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • Many smokers who are chemically addicted to nicotine cannot cut down easily. 许多有尼古丁瘾的抽烟人不容易把烟戒掉。
    • Chain smokers don't care about the dangers of smoking. 烟鬼似乎不在乎吸烟带来的种种危害。
    5 nicotine [ˈnɪkəti:n] QGoxJ   第8级
    n.(化)尼古丁,烟碱
    参考例句:
    • Many smokers who are chemically addicted to nicotine cannot cut down easily. 许多有尼古丁瘾的抽烟人不容易把烟戒掉。
    • Many smokers who are chemically addicted to nicotine cannot cut down easily. 许多有尼古丁瘾的抽烟人不容易把烟戒掉。
    6 statistically [stə'tistikəli] Yuxwa   第7级
    ad.根据统计数据来看,从统计学的观点来看
    参考例句:
    • The sample of building permits is larger and therefore, statistically satisfying. 建筑许可数的样本比较大,所以统计数据更令人满意。
    • The results of each test would have to be statistically independent. 每次试验的结果在统计上必须是独立的。
    7 quirk [kwɜ:k] 00KzV   第10级
    n.奇事,巧合;古怪的举动
    参考例句:
    • He had a strange quirk of addressing his wife as Mrs Smith. 他很怪,把自己的妻子称作史密斯夫人。
    • The most annoying quirk of his is wearing a cap all the time. 他最令人感到厌恶的怪癖就是无论何时都戴著帽子。
    8 flip [flɪp] Vjwx6   第7级
    vt.快速翻动;轻抛;轻拍;n.轻抛;adj.轻浮的
    参考例句:
    • I had a quick flip through the book and it looked very interesting. 我很快翻阅了一下那本书,看来似乎很有趣。
    • Let's flip a coin to see who pays the bill. 咱们来抛硬币决定谁付钱。
    9 noted [ˈnəʊtɪd] 5n4zXc   第8级
    adj.著名的,知名的
    参考例句:
    • The local hotel is noted for its good table. 当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
    • Jim is noted for arriving late for work. 吉姆上班迟到出了名。

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