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当前位置:首页 -> 11级英语阅读 - > 大热天跳到冷水中或致命,即使你会游泳
大热天跳到冷水中或致命,即使你会游泳
添加时间:2018-08-13 08:38:12 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • It's a scenario1 many of us daydream2 about during a heat wave while stuck in a badly ventilated office or on a stuffy3 commute4. Being able to cool down by plunging5 into a cold lake or have a dip in the sea sounds pretty blissful when temperatures peak at 31.9C.

    大热天被困在通风不好的办公室或闷热的交通工具中时,我们都会幻想这样的场景:当气温高达31.9度时,能够跳到冰凉的河水中或在海中畅游降暑。

    But while this may sound fun and refreshing6, it can actually be incredibly dangerous - deadly even. This is because at the root of large number of drownings is cold water shock. A condition which is rarely discussed, cold water shock can trigger a deadly heart attack. You may not think anything of having a refreshing swim in the cold water, but with the average temperature of the sea off UK shores between 10 to 15C, the RNLI warn this is in fact cold enough to cause cold water shock.

    虽然这听起来令人身心舒畅,但实际上却非常危险--甚至会致命。这是因为大量溺水事件的根本原因在于冷水冲击。很少有人谈论这一情况,但冷水冲击可能会引发致命的心脏病发作。也许,你并没有打算在冰冷的河中游泳,但英国海岸海水的平均温度为10至15度,英国皇家全国救生艇协会警告称,这种温度足以导致冷水冲击。

    Professor Mike Tipton, author of the book Essentials of Sea Survival, has said: "If you are lucky enough to survive long enough to die of hypothermia, you have done very well. Most die in the first minute of immersion7." "It's cold water shock that tends to kill people around our shores," the RNLI warns on their website.

    海上生存要领》(Essentials of Sea Survival)一书的作者迈克·提普顿教授说道:"如果你足够幸运,能长时间在低体温的境况下存活,那你就已经很棒了。大多数人在浸下去的第一分钟就没命了。""在岸边游泳时,导致人们死亡的原因往往是冷水冲击,"英国皇家全国救生艇协会在网站上警告称。

    What happens to your body when you jump into cold water? Cold water will put your body through a number of physiological8 responses. The first is one the considerable lowering of your skin's temperature, which being one of the "most profound stimuli9 the body can encounter" is a potentially a big strain on your body's resources.

    跳入冷水中你的身体会发生何种变化?冷水会让你的身体历经多种生理反应。首先就是皮肤温度大幅度降低,这是"身体能遇到的最大刺激"。于身体而言,这可能是一个巨大的压力。

    The RNLI continues: "The responses tend to be short lived, but threaten survival." You'll find your blood vessels10 start narrow, reducing the amount of blood which can circulate. "The heart then has to work harder and blood pressure increases," the RNLI explains.

    英国皇家全国救生艇协会继续道:"身体的反应往往是短时间的,但却会威胁你的生命。"你的血管会开始变窄、减少血液循环。"之后,心脏运作更为困难,血压升高,"英国皇家全国救生艇协会解释道。

    "At the same time there is a 'gasp11' response, which can result in water being breathed in rather than air. The breathing rate changes dramatically, it can increase by as much as tenfold. "

    "同时,还会出现'喘息'反应,导致人们吸入水而非空气。呼吸速率急剧变化,甚至能加快10倍。"

     11级    双语 


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    1 scenario [səˈnɑ:riəʊ] lZoxm   第7级
    n.剧本,脚本;概要
    参考例句:
    • But the birth scenario is not completely accurate. 然而分娩脚本并非完全准确的。
    • This is a totally different scenario. 这是完全不同的剧本。
    2 daydream [ˈdeɪdri:m] jvGzVa   第8级
    vi.做白日梦,幻想
    参考例句:
    • Boys and girls daydream about what they want to be. 孩子们遐想着他们将来要干什么。
    • He drifted off into another daydream. 他飘飘然又做了一个白日梦。
    3 stuffy [ˈstʌfi] BtZw0   第7级
    adj.不透气的,闷热的
    参考例句:
    • It's really hot and stuffy in here. 这里实在太热太闷了。
    • It was so stuffy in the tent that we could sense the air was heavy with moisture. 帐篷里很闷热,我们感到空气都是潮的。
    4 commute [kəˈmju:t] BXTyi   第7级
    vi.乘车上下班;vt.减(刑);折合;n.上下班交通
    参考例句:
    • I spend much less time on my commute to work now. 我现在工作的往返时间要节省好多。
    • Most office workers commute from the suburbs. 很多公司的职员都是从郊外来上班的。
    5 plunging [ˈplʌndʒɪŋ] 5fe12477bea00d74cd494313d62da074   第7级
    adj.跳进的,突进的v.颠簸( plunge的现在分词 );暴跌;骤降;突降
    参考例句:
    • War broke out again, plunging the people into misery and suffering. 战祸复发,生灵涂炭。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
    • He is plunging into an abyss of despair. 他陷入了绝望的深渊。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    6 refreshing [rɪˈfreʃɪŋ] HkozPQ   第8级
    adj.使精神振作的,使人清爽的,使人喜欢的
    参考例句:
    • I find it so refreshing to work with young people in this department. 我发现和这一部门的青年一起工作令人精神振奋。
    • The water was cold and wonderfully refreshing. 水很涼,特别解乏提神。
    7 immersion [ɪˈmɜ:ʃn] baIxf   第12级
    n.沉浸;专心
    参考例句:
    • The dirt on the bottom of the bath didn't encourage total immersion. 浴缸底有污垢,不宜全身浸泡于其中。
    • The wood had become swollen from prolonged immersion. 因长时间浸泡,木头发胀了。
    8 physiological [ˌfɪzɪə'lɒdʒɪkl] aAvyK   第7级
    adj.生理学的,生理学上的
    参考例句:
    • He bought a physiological book. 他买了一本生理学方面的书。
    • Every individual has a physiological requirement for each nutrient. 每个人对每种营养成分都有一种生理上的需要。
    9 stimuli [ˈstɪmjəlaɪ] luBwM   第11级
    n.刺激(物)
    参考例句:
    • It is necessary to curtail or alter normally coexisting stimuli. 必需消除或改变正常时并存的刺激。
    • My sweat glands also respond to emotional stimuli. 我的汗腺对情绪刺激也能产生反应。
    10 vessels ['vesəlz] fc9307c2593b522954eadb3ee6c57480   第7级
    n.血管( vessel的名词复数 );船;容器;(具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的)人
    参考例句:
    • The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
    11 gasp [gɑ:sp] UfxzL   第7级
    n.喘息,气喘;vt.喘息;气吁吁他说;vi.喘气;喘息;渴望
    参考例句:
    • She gave a gasp of surprise. 她吃惊得大口喘气。
    • The enemy are at their last gasp. 敌人在做垂死的挣扎。

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