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全球贸易将迎来第五年低速增长
添加时间:2016-04-11 20:28:12 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • The global economy will see its fifth consecutive1 year of below-par growth in international trade this year, marking its worst period since the 1980s, according to the World Trade Organisation2.

    据世界贸易组织(WTO)预测,今年全球经济将遭遇连续第五年国际贸易增长低于趋势线,这将是自上世纪80年代以来最糟糕的时期。

    In forecasts released yesterday the WTO said it expected the volume of international trade to grow by just 2.8 per cent this year, in line with 2015. But it said the forecast was laden3 with downside risks and highlighted an unusual five-year run of trade growing both below 3 per cent and in line with the broader global economy.

    在昨日发布的预测中,WTO表示,预计今年国际贸易量将仅增长2.8%,与2015年的增幅相同。但该组织表示,这一预测充斥下行风险,并着重指出,贸易量增长连续五年低于3%水平、且与全球经济整体增长大致同步的情况是不寻常的。

    “Such a long, uninterrupted spell of slow but positive trade growth is unprecedented,” WTO economists4 wrote.

    “这样一段漫长、不间断、缓慢但保持正数的贸易增长是前所未有的,”WTO的经济学家们写道。

    Yesterday’s forecast marks the first time in recent years that the WTO has not predicted a bounce in global trade. It is also emblematic6 of broader anxieties about the global economy, with the International Monetary7 Fund widely expected to downgrade its 3.4 per cent forecast for global growth next week when central bankers and finance ministers go to Washington for the spring meetings of the IMF and World Bank.

    昨日的预测标志着WTO近年来首次没有预测全球贸易出现反弹。它也体现了各方对全球经济的整体忧虑。目前人们普遍预期,下周各国央行行长和财长汇聚华盛顿出席国际货币基金组织(IMF)和世界银行(World Bank)春季会议时,IMF将下调其对今年全球经济增长3.4%的预测。

    To many economists the unusual patterns in international trade in recent years are just one example of how traditional economic relationships have been tested or broken since the 2008 global financial crisis.

    对许多经济学家来说,近年国际贸易的异常模式,只是2008年全球金融危机爆发以来传统经贸关系受到考验或者已经破裂的一个例子。

    For most of the past three decades world trade has grown at twice the rate of global GDP as globalisation has accelerated thanks to the emergence8 of major players such as China and other factors like the plummeting9 cost of transporting goods.

    过去30年的大部分时间里,随着全球化加快,世界贸易增长速度至少两倍于全球GDP增速,得益于中国等贸易大国的崛起以及其它因素,如货运成本大幅下降。

    Global trade collapsed10 in 2009 as the effects of the crisis reverberated12 through the world economy, before bouncing back in 2010. But since then the volume of goods shipped has been growing only slowly and last year marked the first time since the crisis that it contracted in value terms, though that was partly thanks to a surge in the dollar and falling commodity prices.

    随着金融危机的余波冲击整个世界经济,全球贸易曾在2009年崩溃,随即在2010年出现反弹。但是,自那以来货运量只是缓慢增长,而按价值计算,去年全球贸易出现金融危机以来首次萎缩,尽管这在一定程度上是由于美元飙升和大宗商品价格下跌。

    The WTO said that by its calculations the value of world trade in current dollar terms last year fell by 13 per cent to $16.5tn from $19tn in 2014.

    WTO称,根据它的计算,去年世界贸易的总价值(按当前美元币值计算)下降13%,从2014年的19万亿美元降至16.5万亿美元。

    According to Robert Koopman, WTO chief economist5, part of the problem has been a series of crises that has seen demand collapse11 in a succession of regions. Asian economies, for example, have helped prop13 up global trade since the 2008 crisis. But last year as China cooled its contribution fell markedly.

    WTO首席经济学家罗伯特•库普曼(Robert Koopman)称,一部分问题是一系列危机导致一个又一个地区需求崩溃。例如,亚洲经济体在2008年爆发危机后帮助支撑了全球贸易。但随着中国经济降温,去年亚洲的贡献显著下降。

    Roberto Azevedo, the WTO’s director-general, said the recovery in trade was being hurt in part by a “creeping protectionism” as countries slowly erected14 new trade barriers.

    WTO总干事罗伯托•阿泽维多(Roberto Azevedo)表示,贸易复苏在一定程度上受到“爬行保护主义”的影响,各方在缓慢设置新的贸易壁垒。

    But those barriers remain far less significant than ones set up in the wake of previous crises and Mr Koopman said the biggest factor in the slowdown was the stagnant15 demand exacerbated16 by the slow return of investment.

    但是,与以往危机过后的局面相比,这些障碍仍然远远没有那么严重。库普曼表示,贸易放缓的最大因素是需求停滞,而投资复苏缓慢加剧了问题。

     12级    英语新闻 


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    1 consecutive [kənˈsekjətɪv] DpPz0   第7级
    adj.连续的,联贯的,始终一贯的
    参考例句:
    • It has rained for four consecutive days. 已连续下了四天雨。
    • The policy of our Party is consecutive. 我党的政策始终如一。
    2 organisation [ˌɔ:gənaɪ'zeɪʃən] organisation   第8级
    n.组织,安排,团体,有机休
    参考例句:
    • The method of his organisation work is worth commending. 他的组织工作的方法值得称道。
    • His application for membership of the organisation was rejected. 他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。
    3 laden [ˈleɪdn] P2gx5   第9级
    adj.装满了的;充满了的;负了重担的;苦恼的
    参考例句:
    • He is laden with heavy responsibility. 他肩负重任。
    • Dragging the fully laden boat across the sand dunes was no mean feat. 将满载货物的船拖过沙丘是一件了不起的事。
    4 economists [ɪ'kɒnəmɪsts] 2ba0a36f92d9c37ef31cc751bca1a748   第8级
    n.经济学家,经济专家( economist的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
    • Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    5 economist [ɪˈkɒnəmɪst] AuhzVs   第8级
    n.经济学家,经济专家,节俭的人
    参考例句:
    • He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem. 他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
    • He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers. 他是个经济学家,自以为什么都懂。
    6 emblematic [ˌembləˈmætɪk] fp0xz   第10级
    adj.象征的,可当标志的;象征性
    参考例句:
    • The violence is emblematic of what is happening in our inner cities. 这种暴力行为正标示了我们市中心贫民区的状况。
    • Whiteness is emblematic of purity. 白色是纯洁的象征。 来自辞典例句
    7 monetary [ˈmʌnɪtri] pEkxb   第7级
    adj.货币的,钱的;通货的;金融的;财政的
    参考例句:
    • The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold. 过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
    • Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. 荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。
    8 emergence [ɪ'mɜ:dʒəns] 5p3xr   第8级
    n.浮现,显现,出现,(植物)突出体
    参考例句:
    • The last decade saw the emergence of a dynamic economy. 最近10年见证了经济增长的姿态。
    • Language emerges and develops with the emergence and development of society. 语言是随着社会的产生而产生,随着社会的发展而发展的。
    9 plummeting [ˈplʌmɪtɪŋ] a560b06f9b99975167411b72966f5588   第9级
    v.垂直落下,骤然跌落( plummet的现在分词 )
    参考例句:
    • Prices are rising, falling, going up, going down, shooting up, plummeting, etc. 物价在上涨、下跌、上升、下落、猛然上涨、骤然下跌等。 来自辞典例句
    • The enemy plane went plummeting into the sea. 敌机直直掉进海里。 来自辞典例句
    10 collapsed [kə'læpzd] cwWzSG   第7级
    adj.倒塌的
    参考例句:
    • Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
    • The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。
    11 collapse [kəˈlæps] aWvyE   第7级
    vi.累倒;昏倒;倒塌;塌陷
    参考例句:
    • The country's economy is on the verge of collapse. 国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
    • The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse. 工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。
    12 reverberated [rɪˈvɜ:bəˌreɪtid] 3a97b3efd3d8e644bcdffd01038c6cdb   第9级
    回响,回荡( reverberate的过去式和过去分词 ); 使反响,使回荡,使反射
    参考例句:
    • Her voice reverberated around the hall. 她的声音在大厅里回荡。
    • The roar of guns reverberated in the valley. 炮声响彻山谷。
    13 prop [prɒp] qR2xi   第7级
    vt.支撑;n.支柱,支撑物;支持者,靠山
    参考例句:
    • A worker put a prop against the wall of the tunnel to keep it from falling. 一名工人用东西支撑住隧道壁好使它不会倒塌。
    • The government does not intend to prop up declining industries. 政府无意扶持不景气的企业。
    14 ERECTED [iˈrektid] ERECTED   第7级
    adj. 直立的,竖立的,笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立,建立
    参考例句:
    • A monument to him was erected in St Paul's Cathedral. 在圣保罗大教堂为他修了一座纪念碑。
    • A monument was erected to the memory of that great scientist. 树立了一块纪念碑纪念那位伟大的科学家。
    15 stagnant [ˈstægnənt] iGgzj   第8级
    adj.不流动的,停滞的,不景气的
    参考例句:
    • Due to low investment, industrial output has remained stagnant. 由于投资少,工业生产一直停滞不前。
    • Their national economy is stagnant. 他们的国家经济停滞不前。
    16 exacerbated [ɪgˈzæsəˌbeɪtid] 93c37be5dc6e60a8bbd0f2eab618d2eb   第9级
    v.使恶化,使加重( exacerbate的过去式和过去分词 )
    参考例句:
    • The symptoms may be exacerbated by certain drugs. 这些症状可能会因为某些药物而加重。
    • The drugs they gave her only exacerbated the pain. 他们给她吃的药只是加重了她的痛楚。 来自《简明英汉词典》

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