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经典名著:弗洛斯河上的磨坊31
添加时间:2024-05-11 14:02:12 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • The Torn Nest Is Pierced by the Thorns

    There is something sustaining in the very agitation1 that accompanies the first shocks of trouble, just as an acute pain is often a stimulus2, and produces an excitement which is transient strength. It is in the slow, changed life that follows; in the time when sorrow has become stale, and has no longer an emotive intensity3 that counteracts4 its pain; in the time when day follows day in dull, unexpectant sameness, and trial is a dreary5 routine,—it is then that despair threatens; it is then that the peremptory6 hunger of the soul is felt, and eye and ear are strained after some unlearned secret of our existence, which shall give to endurance the nature of satisfaction.

    This time of utmost need was come to Maggie, with her short span of thirteen years. To the usual precocity7 of the girl, she added that early experience of struggle, of conflict between the inward impulse and outward fact, which is the lot of every imaginative and passionate8 nature; and the years since she hammered the nails into her wooden Fetish among the worm-eaten shelves of the attic10 had been filled with so eager a life in the triple world of Reality, Books, and Waking Dreams, that Maggie was strangely old for her years in everything except in her entire want of that prudence11 and self-command which were the qualities that made Tom manly12 in the midst of his intellectual boyishness. And now her lot was beginning to have a still, sad monotony, which threw her more than ever on her inward self. Her father was able to attend to business again, his affairs were settled, and he was acting13 as Wakem’s manager on the old spot. Tom went to and fro every morning and evening, and became more and more silent in the short intervals14 at home; what was there to say? One day was like another; and Tom’s interest in life, driven back and crushed on every other side, was concentrating itself into the one channel of ambitious resistance to misfortune. The peculiarities15 of his father and mother were very irksome to him, now they were laid bare of all the softening16 accompaniments of an easy, prosperous home; for Tom had very clear, prosaic17 eyes, not apt to be dimmed by mists of feeling or imagination. Poor Mrs Tulliver, it seemed, would never recover her old self, her placid18 household activity; how could she? The objects among which her mind had moved complacently19 were all gone,—all the little hopes and schemes and speculations20, all the pleasant little cares about her treasures which had made the world quite comprehensible to her for a quarter of a century, since she had made her first purchase of the sugar-tongs, had been suddenly snatched away from her, and she remained bewildered in this empty life. Why that should have happened to her which had not happened to other women remained an insoluble question by which she expressed her perpetual ruminating21 comparison of the past with the present. It was piteous to see the comely22 woman getting thinner and more worn under a bodily as well as mental restlessness, which made her often wander about the empty house after her work was done, until Maggie, becoming alarmed about her, would seek her, and bring her down by telling her how it vexed23 Tom that she was injuring her health by never sitting down and resting herself. Yet amidst this helpless imbecility there was a touching trait of humble24, self-devoting maternity25, which made Maggie feel tenderly toward her poor mother amidst all the little wearing griefs caused by her mental feebleness. She would let Maggie do none of the work that was heaviest and most soiling to the hands, and was quite peevish26 when Maggie attempted to relieve her from her grate-brushing and scouring27: “Let it alone, my dear; your hands ’ull get as hard as hard,” she would say; “it’s your mother’s place to do that. I can’t do the sewing—my eyes fail me.” And she would still brush and carefully tend Maggie’s hair, which she had become reconciled to, in spite of its refusal to curl, now it was so long and massy. Maggie was not her pet child, and, in general, would have been much better if she had been quite different; yet the womanly heart, so bruised28 in its small personal desires, found a future to rest on in the life of this young thing, and the mother pleased herself with wearing out her own hands to save the hands that had so much more life in them.

    But the constant presence of her mother’s regretful bewilderment was less painful to Maggie than that of her father’s sullen29, incommunicative depression. As long as the paralysis30 was upon him, and it seemed as if he might always be in a childlike condition of dependence31,—as long as he was still only half awakened32 to his trouble,—Maggie had felt the strong tide of pitying love almost as an inspiration, a new power, that would make the most difficult life easy for his sake; but now, instead of childlike dependence, there had come a taciturn, hard concentration of purpose, in strange contrast with his old vehement33 communicativeness and high spirit; and this lasted from day to day, and from week to week, the dull eye never brightening with any eagerness or any joy. It is something cruelly incomprehensible to youthful natures, this sombre sameness in middle-aged34 and elderly people, whose life has resulted in disappointment and discontent, to whose faces a smile becomes so strange that the sad lines all about the lips and brow seem to take no notice of it, and it hurries away again for want of a welcome. “Why will they not kindle35 up and be glad sometimes?” thinks young elasticity36. “It would be so easy if they only liked to do it.” And these leaden clouds that never part are apt to create impatience37 even in the filial affection that streams forth38 in nothing but tenderness and pity in the time of more obvious affliction.

    Mr Tulliver lingered nowhere away from home; he hurried away from market, he refused all invitations to stay and chat, as in old times, in the houses where he called on business. He could not be reconciled with his lot. There was no attitude in which his pride did not feel its bruises39; and in all behaviour toward him, whether kind or cold, he detected an allusion40 to the change in his circumstances. Even the days on which Wakem came to ride round the land and inquire into the business were not so black to him as those market-days on which he had met several creditors41 who had accepted a composition from him. To save something toward the repayment42 of those creditors was the object toward which he was now bending all his thoughts and efforts; and under the influence of this all-compelling demand of his nature, the somewhat profuse43 man, who hated to be stinted45 or to stint44 any one else in his own house, was gradually metamorphosed into the keen-eyed grudger46 of morsels47. Mrs Tulliver could not economise enough to satisfy him, in their food and firing; and he would eat nothing himself but what was of the coarsest quality. Tom, though depressed48 and strongly repelled49 by his father’s sullenness50, and the dreariness51 of home, entered thoroughly52 into his father’s feelings about paying the creditors; and the poor lad brought his first quarter’s money, with a delicious sense of achievement, and gave it to his father to put into the tin box which held the savings53. The little store of sovereigns in the tin box seemed to be the only sight that brought a faint beam of pleasure into the miller’s eyes,—faint and transient, for it was soon dispelled54 by the thought that the time would be long—perhaps longer than his life,—before the narrow savings could remove the hateful incubus55 of debt. A deficit56 of more than five hundred pounds, with the accumulating interest, seemed a deep pit to fill with the savings from thirty shillings a-week, even when Tom’s probable savings were to be added. On this one point there was entire community of feeling in the four widely differing beings who sat round the dying fire of sticks, which made a cheap warmth for them on the verge57 of bedtime. Mrs Tulliver carried the proud integrity of the Dodsons in her blood, and had been brought up to think that to wrong people of their money, which was another phrase for debt, was a sort of moral pillory58; it would have been wickedness, to her mind, to have run counter to her husband’s desire to “do the right thing,” and retrieve59 his name. She had a confused, dreamy notion that, if the creditors were all paid, her plate and linen60 ought to come back to her; but she had an inbred perception that while people owed money they were unable to pay, they couldn’t rightly call anything their own. She murmured a little that Mr Tulliver so peremptorily61 refused to receive anything in repayment from Mr and Mrs Moss62; but to all his requirements of household economy she was submissive to the point of denying herself the cheapest indulgences of mere9 flavour; her only rebellion was to smuggle63 into the kitchen something that would make rather a better supper than usual for Tom.

    These narrow notions about debt, held by the old fashioned Tullivers, may perhaps excite a smile on the faces of many readers in these days of wide commercial views and wide philosophy, according to which everything rights itself without any trouble of ours. The fact that my tradesman is out of pocket by me is to be looked at through the serene64 certainty that somebody else’s tradesman is in pocket by somebody else; and since there must be bad debts in the world, why, it is mere egoism not to like that we in particular should make them instead of our fellow-citizens. I am telling the history of very simple people, who had never had any illuminating65 doubts as to personal integrity and honour.

    Under all this grim melancholy66 and narrowing concentration of desire, Mr Tulliver retained the feeling toward his “little wench” which made her presence a need to him, though it would not suffice to cheer him. She was still the desire of his eyes; but the sweet spring of fatherly love was now mingled67 with bitterness, like everything else. When Maggie laid down her work at night, it was her habit to get a low stool and sit by her father’s knee, leaning her cheek against it. How she wished he would stroke her head, or give some sign that he was soothed68 by the sense that he had a daughter who loved him! But now she got no answer to her little caresses69, either from her father or from Tom,—the two idols70 of her life. Tom was weary and abstracted in the short intervals when he was at home, and her father was bitterly preoccupied71 with the thought that the girl was growing up, was shooting up into a woman; and how was she to do well in life? She had a poor chance for marrying, down in the world as they were. And he hated the thought of her marrying poorly, as her aunt Gritty had done; that would be a thing to make him turn in his grave,—the little wench so pulled down by children and toil72, as her aunt Moss was. When uncultured minds, confined to a narrow range of personal experience, are under the pressure of continued misfortune, their inward life is apt to become a perpetually repeated round of sad and bitter thoughts; the same words, the same scenes, are revolved73 over and over again, the same mood accompanies them; the end of the year finds them as much what they were at the beginning as if they were machines set to a recurrent series of movements.

    The sameness of the days was broken by few visitors. Uncles and aunts paid only short visits now; of course, they could not stay to meals, and the constraint74 caused by Mr Tulliver’s savage75 silence, which seemed to add to the hollow resonance76 of the bare, uncarpeted room when the aunts were talking, heightened the unpleasantness of these family visits on all sides, and tended to make them rare. As for other acquaintances, there is a chill air surrounding those who are down in the world, and people are glad to get away from them, as from a cold room; human beings, mere men and women, without furniture, without anything to offer you, who have ceased to count as anybody, present an embarrassing negation77 of reasons for wishing to see them, or of subjects on which to converse78 with them. At that distant day, there was a dreary isolation79 in the civilised Christian80 society of these realms for families that had dropped below their original level, unless they belonged to a sectarian church, which gets some warmth of brotherhood81 by walling in the sacred fire.



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    1 agitation [ˌædʒɪˈteɪʃn] TN0zi   第9级
    n.搅动;搅拌;鼓动,煽动
    参考例句:
    • Small shopkeepers carried on a long agitation against the big department stores. 小店主们长期以来一直在煽动人们反对大型百货商店。
    • These materials require constant agitation to keep them in suspension. 这些药剂要经常搅动以保持悬浮状态。
    2 stimulus [ˈstɪmjələs] 3huyO   第8级
    n.刺激,刺激物,促进因素,引起兴奋的事物
    参考例句:
    • Regard each failure as a stimulus to further efforts. 把每次失利看成对进一步努力的激励。
    • Light is a stimulus to growth in plants. 光是促进植物生长的一个因素。
    3 intensity [ɪnˈtensəti] 45Ixd   第7级
    n.强烈,剧烈;强度;烈度
    参考例句:
    • I didn't realize the intensity of people's feelings on this issue. 我没有意识到这一问题能引起群情激奋。
    • The strike is growing in intensity. 罢工日益加剧。
    4 counteracts [ˌkauntəˈrækts] 63ce8aebfaf0be5708aafd06ca84b3c1   第9级
    对抗,抵消( counteract的第三人称单数 )
    参考例句:
    • The drug counteracts the effects of the poison. 这种药可抵消毒物的作用。
    • Offset Something that balances, counteracts, or compensates the effects of another thing. 弥补用来平衡、抵消或偿还另一财物的东西。
    5 dreary [ˈdrɪəri] sk1z6   第8级
    adj.令人沮丧的,沉闷的,单调乏味的
    参考例句:
    • They live such dreary lives. 他们的生活如此乏味。
    • She was tired of hearing the same dreary tale of drunkenness and violence. 她听够了那些关于酗酒和暴力的乏味故事。
    6 peremptory [pəˈremptəri] k3uz8   第11级
    adj.紧急的,专横的,断然的
    参考例句:
    • The officer issued peremptory commands. 军官发出了不容许辩驳的命令。
    • There was a peremptory note in his voice. 他说话的声音里有一种不容置辩的口气。
    7 precocity [prɪ'kɒsətɪ] 1a7e73a809d23ba577d92246c53f20a3   第11级
    n.早熟,早成
    参考例句:
    • The boy is remarkable for precocity. 这孩子早熟得惊人。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
    • He is remarkable for precocity. 他早熟得惊人。 来自辞典例句
    8 passionate [ˈpæʃənət] rLDxd   第8级
    adj.热情的,热烈的,激昂的,易动情的,易怒的,性情暴躁的
    参考例句:
    • He is said to be the most passionate man. 据说他是最有激情的人。
    • He is very passionate about the project. 他对那个项目非常热心。
    9 mere [mɪə(r)] rC1xE   第7级
    adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过
    参考例句:
    • That is a mere repetition of what you said before. 那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
    • It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer. 再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。
    10 attic [ˈætɪk] Hv4zZ   第7级
    n.顶楼,屋顶室
    参考例句:
    • Leakiness in the roof caused a damp attic. 屋漏使顶楼潮湿。
    • What's to be done with all this stuff in the attic? 顶楼上的材料怎么处理?
    11 prudence ['pru:dns] 9isyI   第11级
    n.谨慎,精明,节俭
    参考例句:
    • A lack of prudence may lead to financial problems. 不够谨慎可能会导致财政上出现问题。
    • The happy impute all their success to prudence or merit. 幸运者都把他们的成功归因于谨慎或功德。
    12 manly [ˈmænli] fBexr   第8级
    adj.有男子气概的;adv.男子般地,果断地
    参考例句:
    • The boy walked with a confident manly stride. 这男孩以自信的男人步伐行走。
    • He set himself manly tasks and expected others to follow his example. 他给自己定下了男子汉的任务,并希望别人效之。
    13 acting [ˈæktɪŋ] czRzoc   第7级
    n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
    参考例句:
    • Ignore her, she's just acting. 别理她,她只是假装的。
    • During the seventies, her acting career was in eclipse. 在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。
    14 intervals ['ɪntevl] f46c9d8b430e8c86dea610ec56b7cbef   第7级
    n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 );间隔时间;[数学]区间;(戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息
    参考例句:
    • The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers. 预报间晴,有阵雨。
    • Meetings take place at fortnightly intervals. 每两周开一次会。
    15 peculiarities [pɪˌkju:li:ˈærɪti:z] 84444218acb57e9321fbad3dc6b368be   第9级
    n. 特质, 特性, 怪癖, 古怪
    参考例句:
    • the cultural peculiarities of the English 英国人的文化特点
    • He used to mimic speech peculiarities of another. 他过去总是模仿别人讲话的特点。
    16 softening ['sɒfnɪŋ] f4d358268f6bd0b278eabb29f2ee5845   第7级
    变软,软化
    参考例句:
    • Her eyes, softening, caressed his face. 她的眼光变得很温柔了。它们不住地爱抚他的脸。 来自汉英文学 - 家(1-26) - 家(1-26)
    • He might think my brain was softening or something of the kind. 他也许会觉得我婆婆妈妈的,已经成了个软心肠的人了。
    17 prosaic [prəˈzeɪɪk] i0szo   第10级
    adj.单调的,无趣的
    参考例句:
    • The truth is more prosaic. 真相更加乏味。
    • It was a prosaic description of the scene. 这是对场景没有想象力的一个描述。
    18 placid [ˈplæsɪd] 7A1yV   第9级
    adj.安静的,平和的
    参考例句:
    • He had been leading a placid life for the past eight years. 八年来他一直过着平静的生活。
    • You should be in a placid mood and have a heart-to-heart talk with her. 你应该心平气和的好好和她谈谈心。
    19 complacently [kəm'pleɪsntlɪ] complacently   第9级
    adv. 满足地, 自满地, 沾沾自喜地
    参考例句:
    • He complacently lived out his life as a village school teacher. 他满足于一个乡村教师的生活。
    • "That was just something for evening wear," returned his wife complacently. “那套衣服是晚装,"他妻子心安理得地说道。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
    20 speculations [ˌspekjəˈleɪʃənz] da17a00acfa088f5ac0adab7a30990eb   第7级
    n.投机买卖( speculation的名词复数 );思考;投机活动;推断
    参考例句:
    • Your speculations were all quite close to the truth. 你的揣测都很接近于事实。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
    • This possibility gives rise to interesting speculations. 这种可能性引起了有趣的推测。 来自《用法词典》
    21 ruminating [ˈru:məˌneɪtɪŋ] 29b02bd23c266a224e13df488b3acca0   第10级
    v.沉思( ruminate的现在分词 );反复考虑;反刍;倒嚼
    参考例句:
    • He sat there ruminating and picking at the tablecloth. 他坐在那儿沉思,轻轻地抚弄着桌布。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • He is ruminating on what had happened the day before. 他在沉思前一天发生的事情。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    22 comely [ˈkʌmli] GWeyX   第11级
    adj.漂亮的,合宜的
    参考例句:
    • His wife is a comely young woman. 他的妻子是一个美丽的少妇。
    • A nervous, comely-dressed little girl stepped out. 一个紧张不安、衣着漂亮的小姑娘站了出来。
    23 vexed [vekst] fd1a5654154eed3c0a0820ab54fb90a7   第8级
    adj.争论不休的;(指问题等)棘手的;争论不休的问题;烦恼的v.使烦恼( vex的过去式和过去分词 );使苦恼;使生气;详细讨论
    参考例句:
    • The conference spent days discussing the vexed question of border controls. 会议花了几天的时间讨论边境关卡这个难题。
    • He was vexed at his failure. 他因失败而懊恼。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
    24 humble [ˈhʌmbl] ddjzU   第7级
    adj.谦卑的,恭顺的;地位低下的;vt.降低,贬低
    参考例句:
    • In my humble opinion, he will win the election. 依我拙见,他将在选举中获胜。
    • Defeat and failure make people humble. 挫折与失败会使人谦卑。
    25 maternity [məˈtɜ:nəti] kjbyx   第10级
    n.母性,母道,妇产科病房;adj.孕妇的,母性的
    参考例句:
    • Women workers are entitled to maternity leave with full pay. 女工产假期间工资照发。
    • Trainee nurses have to work for some weeks in maternity. 受训的护士必须在产科病房工作数周。
    26 peevish [ˈpi:vɪʃ] h35zj   第12级
    adj.易怒的,坏脾气的
    参考例句:
    • A peevish child is unhappy and makes others unhappy. 一个脾气暴躁的孩子自己不高兴也使别人不高兴。
    • She glared down at me with a peevish expression on her face. 她低头瞪着我,一脸怒气。
    27 scouring ['skaʊərɪŋ] 02d824effe8b78d21ec133da3651c677   第8级
    擦[洗]净,冲刷,洗涤
    参考例句:
    • The police are scouring the countryside for the escaped prisoners. 警察正在搜索整个乡村以捉拿逃犯。
    • This is called the scouring train in wool processing. 这被称为羊毛加工中的洗涤系列。
    28 bruised [bru:zd] 5xKz2P   第7级
    [医]青肿的,瘀紫的
    参考例句:
    • his bruised and bloodied nose 他沾满血的青肿的鼻子
    • She had slipped and badly bruised her face. 她滑了一跤,摔得鼻青脸肿。
    29 sullen [ˈsʌlən] kHGzl   第9级
    adj.愠怒的,闷闷不乐的,(天气等)阴沉的
    参考例句:
    • He looked up at the sullen sky. 他抬头看了一眼阴沉的天空。
    • Susan was sullen in the morning because she hadn't slept well. 苏珊今天早上郁闷不乐, 因为昨晚没睡好。
    30 paralysis [pəˈræləsɪs] pKMxY   第7级
    n.麻痹(症);瘫痪(症)
    参考例句:
    • The paralysis affects his right leg and he can only walk with difficulty. 他右腿瘫痪步履维艰。
    • An attack of paralysis seized him. 他突然瘫痪了。
    31 dependence [dɪˈpendəns] 3wsx9   第8级
    n.依靠,依赖;信任,信赖;隶属
    参考例句:
    • Doctors keep trying to break her dependence of the drug. 医生们尽力使她戒除毒瘾。
    • He was freed from financial dependence on his parents. 他在经济上摆脱了对父母的依赖。
    32 awakened [əˈweɪkənd] de71059d0b3cd8a1de21151c9166f9f0   第8级
    v.(使)醒( awaken的过去式和过去分词 );(使)觉醒;弄醒;(使)意识到
    参考例句:
    • She awakened to the sound of birds singing. 她醒来听到鸟的叫声。
    • The public has been awakened to the full horror of the situation. 公众完全意识到了这一状况的可怕程度。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    33 vehement [ˈvi:əmənt] EL4zy   第9级
    adj.感情强烈的;热烈的;(人)有强烈感情的
    参考例句:
    • She made a vehement attack on the government's policies. 她强烈谴责政府的政策。
    • His proposal met with vehement opposition. 他的倡导遭到了激烈的反对。
    34 middle-aged ['mɪdl eɪdʒd] UopzSS   第8级
    adj.中年的
    参考例句:
    • I noticed two middle-aged passengers. 我注意到两个中年乘客。
    • The new skin balm was welcome by middle-aged women. 这种新护肤香膏受到了中年妇女的欢迎。
    35 kindle [ˈkɪndl] n2Gxu   第9级
    vt.点燃,着火;vi.发亮;着火;激动起来
    参考例句:
    • This wood is too wet to kindle. 这木柴太湿点不着。
    • A small spark was enough to kindle Lily's imagination. 一星光花足以点燃莉丽的全部想象力。
    36 elasticity [ˌi:læˈstɪsəti] 8jlzp   第8级
    n.弹性,伸缩力
    参考例句:
    • The skin eventually loses its elasticity. 皮肤最终会失去弹性。
    • Every sort of spring has a definite elasticity. 每一种弹簧都有一定的弹性。
    37 impatience [ɪm'peɪʃns] OaOxC   第8级
    n.不耐烦,急躁
    参考例句:
    • He expressed impatience at the slow rate of progress. 进展缓慢,他显得不耐烦。
    • He gave a stamp of impatience. 他不耐烦地跺脚。
    38 forth [fɔ:θ] Hzdz2   第7级
    adv.向前;向外,往外
    参考例句:
    • The wind moved the trees gently back and forth. 风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
    • He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession. 他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。
    39 bruises [bru:ziz] bruises   第7级
    n.瘀伤,伤痕,擦伤( bruise的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • He was covered with bruises after falling off his bicycle. 他从自行车上摔了下来,摔得浑身伤痕。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • The pear had bruises of dark spots. 这个梨子有碰伤的黑斑。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    40 allusion [əˈlu:ʒn] CfnyW   第9级
    n.暗示,间接提示
    参考例句:
    • He made an allusion to a secret plan in his speech. 在讲话中他暗示有一项秘密计划。
    • She made no allusion to the incident. 她没有提及那个事件。
    41 creditors [k'redɪtəz] 6cb54c34971e9a505f7a0572f600684b   第8级
    n.债权人,债主( creditor的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • They agreed to repay their creditors over a period of three years. 他们同意3年内向债主还清欠款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    42 repayment [rɪˈpeɪmənt] repayment   第8级
    n.偿还,偿还款;报酬
    参考例句:
    • I am entitled to a repayment for the damaged goods. 我有权利索取货物损坏赔偿金。
    • The tax authorities have been harrying her for repayment. 税务局一直在催她补交税款。
    43 profuse [prəˈfju:s] R1jzV   第9级
    adj.很多的,大量的,极其丰富的
    参考例句:
    • The hostess is profuse in her hospitality. 女主人招待得十分周到。
    • There was a profuse crop of hair impending over the top of his face. 一大绺头发垂在他额头上。
    44 stint [stɪnt] 9GAzB   第10级
    n. 节约;定额,定量 vt. 节省;限制 vi. 紧缩,节省
    参考例句:
    • He lavished money on his children without stint. 他在孩子们身上花钱毫不吝惜。
    • We hope that you will not stint your criticism. 我们希望您不吝指教。
    45 stinted [] 3194dab02629af8c171df281829fe4cb   第10级
    v.限制,节省(stint的过去式与过去分词形式)
    参考例句:
    • Penny-pinching landlords stinted their tenants on heat and hot water. 小气的房东在房客的取暖和热水供应上进行克扣。 来自互联网
    • She stinted herself of food in order to let the children have enough. 她自己省着吃,好让孩子们吃饱。 来自互联网
    46 grudger [ɡrʌdʒ] 4df789fb9cf9ac6e0d09e1fc2c918853   第8级
    不满; 怨恨; 恶意; 妒忌
    参考例句:
    • I bear him no grudge . 我对他不怀任何积怨。
    • I grudge paying so much for such inferior goods. 我不愿花这么多钱买次品。
    47 morsels [ˈmɔ:səlz] ed5ad10d588acb33c8b839328ca6c41c   第11级
    n.一口( morsel的名词复数 );(尤指食物)小块,碎屑
    参考例句:
    • They are the most delicate morsels. 这些确是最好吃的部分。 来自辞典例句
    • Foxes will scratch up grass to find tasty bug and beetle morsels. 狐狸会挖草地,寻找美味的虫子和甲壳虫。 来自互联网
    48 depressed [dɪˈprest] xu8zp9   第8级
    adj.沮丧的,抑郁的,不景气的,萧条的
    参考例句:
    • When he was depressed, he felt utterly divorced from reality. 他心情沮丧时就感到完全脱离了现实。
    • His mother was depressed by the sad news. 这个坏消息使他的母亲意志消沉。
    49 repelled [rɪ'peld] 1f6f5c5c87abe7bd26a5c5deddd88c92   第7级
    v.击退( repel的过去式和过去分词 );使厌恶;排斥;推开
    参考例句:
    • They repelled the enemy. 他们击退了敌军。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • The minister tremulously, but decidedly, repelled the old man's arm. 而丁梅斯代尔牧师却哆里哆嗦地断然推开了那老人的胳臂。 来自英汉文学 - 红字
    50 sullenness ['sʌlənnis] 22d786707c82440912ef6d2c00489b1e   第9级
    n. 愠怒, 沉闷, 情绪消沉
    参考例句:
    • His bluster sank to sullenness under her look. 在她目光逼视下,他蛮横的表情稍加收敛,显出一副阴沉的样子。
    • Marked by anger or sullenness. 怒气冲冲的,忿恨的。
    51 dreariness ['drɪərɪnəs] 464937dd8fc386c3c60823bdfabcc30c   第8级
    沉寂,可怕,凄凉
    参考例句:
    • The park wore an aspect of utter dreariness and ruin. 园地上好久没人收拾,一片荒凉。
    • There in the melancholy, in the dreariness, Bertha found a bitter fascination. 在这里,在阴郁、倦怠之中,伯莎发现了一种刺痛人心的魅力。
    52 thoroughly [ˈθʌrəli] sgmz0J   第8级
    adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地
    参考例句:
    • The soil must be thoroughly turned over before planting. 一定要先把土地深翻一遍再下种。
    • The soldiers have been thoroughly instructed in the care of their weapons. 士兵们都系统地接受过保护武器的训练。
    53 savings ['seɪvɪŋz] ZjbzGu   第8级
    n.存款,储蓄
    参考例句:
    • I can't afford the vacation, for it would eat up my savings. 我度不起假,那样会把我的积蓄用光的。
    • By this time he had used up all his savings. 到这时,他的存款已全部用完。
    54 dispelled [dɪ'speld] 7e96c70e1d822dbda8e7a89ae71a8e9a   第8级
    v.驱散,赶跑( dispel的过去式和过去分词 )
    参考例句:
    • His speech dispelled any fears about his health. 他的发言消除了人们对他身体健康的担心。
    • The sun soon dispelled the thick fog. 太阳很快驱散了浓雾。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    55 incubus [ˈɪŋkjʊbəs] AxXyt   第12级
    n.负担;恶梦
    参考例句:
    • Joyce regarded his US citizenship as a moral and political incubus. 乔伊斯把他的美国公民身份当做是一个道德和政治上的负担。Like the sumerian wind demon and its later babylonian counterpart, Lilith was regarded as a succubus, or female version of the incubus. 像风妖苏美尔和后来的巴比伦妖怪,莉莉丝被视为一个女妖或女版梦魇。
    56 deficit [ˈdefɪsɪt] tmAzu   第7级
    n.亏空,亏损;赤字,逆差
    参考例句:
    • The directors have reported a deficit of 2. 5 million dollars. 董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
    • We have a great deficit this year. 我们今年有很大亏损。
    57 verge [vɜ:dʒ] gUtzQ   第7级
    n.边,边缘;vi.接近,濒临
    参考例句:
    • The country's economy is on the verge of collapse. 国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
    • She was on the verge of bursting into tears. 她快要哭出来了。
    58 pillory [ˈpɪləri] J2xze   第12级
    n.嘲弄;v.使受公众嘲笑;将…示众
    参考例句:
    • A man has been forced to resign as a result of being pilloried by some of the press. 一人因为受到一些媒体的抨击已被迫辞职。
    • He was pilloried, but she escaped without blemish. 他受到公众的批评,她却名声未损地得以逃脱。
    59 retrieve [rɪˈtri:v] ZsYyp   第7级
    vt.重新得到,收回;挽回,补救;检索
    参考例句:
    • He was determined to retrieve his honor. 他决心恢复名誉。
    • The men were trying to retrieve weapons left when the army abandoned the island. 士兵们正试图找回军队从该岛撤退时留下的武器。
    60 linen [ˈlɪnɪn] W3LyK   第7级
    n.亚麻布,亚麻线,亚麻制品;adj.亚麻布制的,亚麻的
    参考例句:
    • The worker is starching the linen. 这名工人正在给亚麻布上浆。
    • Fine linen and cotton fabrics were known as well as wool. 精细的亚麻织品和棉织品像羊毛一样闻名遐迩。
    61 peremptorily [pəˈremptrəli] dbf9fb7e6236647e2b3396fe01f8d47a   第11级
    adv.紧急地,不容分说地,专横地
    参考例句:
    • She peremptorily rejected the request. 她断然拒绝了请求。
    • Their propaganda was peremptorily switched to an anti-Western line. 他们的宣传断然地转而持反对西方的路线。 来自辞典例句
    62 moss [mɒs] X6QzA   第7级
    n.苔,藓,地衣
    参考例句:
    • Moss grows on a rock. 苔藓生在石头上。
    • He was found asleep on a pillow of leaves and moss. 有人看见他枕着树叶和苔藓睡着了。
    63 smuggle [ˈsmʌgl] 5FNzy   第7级
    vt.私运;vi.走私
    参考例句:
    • Friends managed to smuggle him secretly out of the country. 朋友们想方设法将他秘密送出国了。
    • She has managed to smuggle out the antiques without getting caught. 她成功将古董走私出境,没有被逮捕。
    64 serene [səˈri:n] PD2zZ   第8级
    adj. 安详的,宁静的,平静的
    参考例句:
    • He has entered the serene autumn of his life. 他已进入了美好的中年时期。
    • He didn't speak much, he just smiled with that serene smile of his. 他话不多,只是脸上露出他招牌式的淡定的微笑。
    65 illuminating [i'lu:mineitiŋ] IqWzgS   第7级
    a.富于启发性的,有助阐明的
    参考例句:
    • We didn't find the examples he used particularly illuminating. 我们觉得他采用的那些例证启发性不是特别大。
    • I found his talk most illuminating. 我觉得他的话很有启发性。
    66 melancholy [ˈmelənkəli] t7rz8   第8级
    n.忧郁,愁思;adj.令人感伤(沮丧)的,忧郁的
    参考例句:
    • All at once he fell into a state of profound melancholy. 他立即陷入无尽的忧思之中。
    • He felt melancholy after he failed the exam. 这次考试没通过,他感到很郁闷。
    67 mingled [ˈmiŋɡld] fdf34efd22095ed7e00f43ccc823abdf   第7级
    混合,混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 ); 混进,与…交往[联系]
    参考例句:
    • The sounds of laughter and singing mingled in the evening air. 笑声和歌声交织在夜空中。
    • The man and the woman mingled as everyone started to relax. 当大家开始放松的时候,这一男一女就开始交往了。
    68 soothed [su:ðd] 509169542d21da19b0b0bd232848b963   第7级
    v.安慰( soothe的过去式和过去分词 );抚慰;使舒服;减轻痛苦
    参考例句:
    • The music soothed her for a while. 音乐让她稍微安静了一会儿。
    • The soft modulation of her voice soothed the infant. 她柔和的声调使婴儿安静了。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
    69 caresses [kə'resɪs] 300460a787072f68f3ae582060ed388a   第7级
    爱抚,抚摸( caress的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • A breeze caresses the cheeks. 微风拂面。
    • Hetty was not sufficiently familiar with caresses or outward demonstrations of fondness. 海蒂不习惯于拥抱之类过于外露地表现自己的感情。
    70 idols ['aɪdlz] 7c4d4984658a95fbb8bbc091e42b97b9   第8级
    偶像( idol的名词复数 ); 受崇拜的人或物; 受到热爱和崇拜的人或物; 神像
    参考例句:
    • The genii will give evidence against those who have worshipped idols. 魔怪将提供证据来反对那些崇拜偶像的人。 来自英汉非文学 - 文明史
    • Teenagers are very sequacious and they often emulate the behavior of their idols. 青少年非常盲从,经常模仿他们的偶像的行为。
    71 preoccupied [priˈɒkjupaɪd] TPBxZ   第10级
    adj.全神贯注的,入神的;被抢先占有的;心事重重的v.占据(某人)思想,使对…全神贯注,使专心于( preoccupy的过去式)
    参考例句:
    • He was too preoccupied with his own thoughts to notice anything wrong. 他只顾想着心事,没注意到有什么不对。
    • The question of going to the Mount Tai preoccupied his mind. 去游泰山的问题盘踞在他心头。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    72 toil [tɔɪl] WJezp   第8级
    vi.辛劳工作,艰难地行动;n.苦工,难事
    参考例句:
    • The wealth comes from the toil of the masses. 财富来自大众的辛勤劳动。
    • Every single grain is the result of toil. 每一粒粮食都来之不易。
    73 revolved [riˈvɔlvd] b63ebb9b9e407e169395c5fc58399fe6   第7级
    v.(使)旋转( revolve的过去式和过去分词 );细想
    参考例句:
    • The fan revolved slowly. 电扇缓慢地转动着。
    • The wheel revolved on its centre. 轮子绕中心转动。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    74 constraint [kənˈstreɪnt] rYnzo   第7级
    n.(on)约束,限制;限制(或约束)性的事物
    参考例句:
    • The boy felt constraint in her presence. 那男孩在她面前感到局促不安。
    • The lack of capital is a major constraint on activities in the informal sector. 资本短缺也是影响非正规部门生产经营的一个重要制约因素。
    75 savage [ˈsævɪdʒ] ECxzR   第7级
    adj.野蛮的;凶恶的,残暴的;n.未开化的人
    参考例句:
    • The poor man received a savage beating from the thugs. 那可怜的人遭到暴徒的痛打。
    • He has a savage temper. 他脾气粗暴。
    76 resonance [ˈrezənəns] hBazC   第7级
    n.洪亮;共鸣;共振
    参考例句:
    • Playing the piano sets up resonance in those glass ornaments. 一弹钢琴那些玻璃饰物就会产生共振。
    • The areas under the two resonance envelopes are unequal. 两个共振峰下面的面积是不相等的。
    77 negation [nɪˈgeɪʃn] q50zu   第10级
    n.否定;否认
    参考例句:
    • No reasonable negation can be offered. 没有合理的反对意见可以提出。
    • The author boxed the compass of negation in his article. 该作者在文章中依次探讨了各种反面的意见。
    78 converse [kənˈvɜ:s] 7ZwyI   第7级
    vi.谈话,谈天,闲聊;adv.相反的,相反
    参考例句:
    • He can converse in three languages. 他可以用3种语言谈话。
    • I wanted to appear friendly and approachable but I think I gave the converse impression. 我想显得友好、平易近人些,却发觉给人的印象恰恰相反。
    79 isolation [ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃn] 7qMzTS   第8级
    n.隔离,孤立,分解,分离
    参考例句:
    • The millionaire lived in complete isolation from the outside world. 这位富翁过着与世隔绝的生活。
    • He retired and lived in relative isolation. 他退休后,生活比较孤寂。
    80 Christian [ˈkrɪstʃən] KVByl   第7级
    adj.基督教徒的;n.基督教徒
    参考例句:
    • They always addressed each other by their Christian name. 他们总是以教名互相称呼。
    • His mother is a sincere Christian. 他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。
    81 brotherhood [ˈbrʌðəhʊd] 1xfz3o   第8级
    n.兄弟般的关系,手中情谊
    参考例句:
    • They broke up the brotherhood. 他们断绝了兄弟关系。
    • They live and work together in complete equality and brotherhood. 他们完全平等和兄弟般地在一起生活和工作。

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