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当前位置:首页 -> 12级英语阅读 - > 经典名著:弗洛斯河上的磨坊15
经典名著:弗洛斯河上的磨坊15
添加时间:2024-05-07 15:30:55 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • The Christmas Holidays

    Fine old Christmas, with the snowy hair and ruddy face, had done his duty that year in the noblest fashion, and had set off his rich gifts of warmth and colour with all the heightening contrast of frost and snow.

    Snow lay on the croft and river-bank in undulations softer than the limbs of infancy1; it lay with the neatliest finished border on every sloping roof, making the dark-red gables stand out with a new depth of colour; it weighed heavily on the laurels2 and fir-trees, till it fell from them with a shuddering3 sound; it clothed the rough turnip-field with whiteness, and made the sheep look like dark blotches4; the gates were all blocked up with the sloping drifts, and here and there a disregarded four-footed beast stood as if petrified5 “in unrecumbent sadness”; there was no gleam, no shadow, for the heavens, too, were one still, pale cloud; no sound or motion in anything but the dark river that flowed and moaned like an unresting sorrow. But old Christmas smiled as he laid this cruel-seeming spell on the outdoor world, for he meant to light up home with new brightness, to deepen all the richness of indoor colour, and give a keener edge of delight to the warm fragrance7 of food; he meant to prepare a sweet imprisonment8 that would strengthen the primitive9 fellowship of kindred, and make the sunshine of familiar human faces as welcome as the hidden day-star. His kindness fell but hardly on the homeless,—fell but hardly on the homes where the hearth10 was not very warm, and where the food had little fragrance; where the human faces had had no sunshine in them, but rather the leaden, blank-eyed gaze of unexpectant want. But the fine old season meant well; and if he has not learned the secret how to bless men impartially12, it is because his father Time, with ever-unrelenting purpose, still hides that secret in his own mighty13, slow-beating heart.

    And yet this Christmas day, in spite of Tom’s fresh delight in home, was not, he thought, somehow or other, quite so happy as it had always been before. The red berries were just as abundant on the holly14, and he and Maggie had dressed all the windows and mantlepieces and picture-frames on Christmas eve with as much taste as ever, wedding the thick-set scarlet15 clusters with branches of the black-berried ivy16. There had been singing under the windows after midnight,—supernatural singing, Maggie always felt, in spite of Tom’s contemptuous insistence17 that the singers were old Patch, the parish clerk, and the rest of the church choir18; she trembled with awe19 when their carolling broke in upon her dreams, and the image of men in fustian20 clothes was always thrust away by the vision of angels resting on the parted cloud. The midnight chant had helped as usual to lift the morning above the level of common days; and then there were the smell of hot toast and ale from the kitchen, at the breakfast hour; the favourite anthem21, the green boughs22, and the short sermon gave the appropriate festal character to the church-going; and aunt and uncle Moss23, with all their seven children, were looking like so many reflectors of the bright parlour-fire, when the church-goers came back, stamping the snow from their feet. The plum-pudding was of the same handsome roundness as ever, and came in with the symbolic24 blue flames around it, as if it had been heroically snatched from the nether25 fires, into which it had been thrown by dyspeptic Puritans; the dessert was as splendid as ever, with its golden oranges, brown nuts, and the crystalline light and dark of apple-jelly and damson cheese; in all these things Christmas was as it had always been since Tom could remember; it was only distinguished26, if by anything, by superior sliding and snowballs.

    Christmas was cheery, but not so Mr Tulliver. He was irate27 and defiant28; and Tom, though he espoused29 his father’s quarrels and shared his father’s sense of injury, was not without some of the feeling that oppressed Maggie when Mr Tulliver got louder and more angry in narration30 and assertion with the increased leisure of dessert. The attention that Tom might have concentrated on his nuts and wine was distracted by a sense that there were rascally31 enemies in the world, and that the business of grown-up life could hardly be conducted without a good deal of quarrelling. Now, Tom was not fond of quarrelling, unless it could soon be put an end to by a fair stand-up fight with an adversary32 whom he had every chance of thrashing; and his father’s irritable33 talk made him uncomfortable, though he never accounted to himself for the feeling, or conceived the notion that his father was faulty in this respect.

    The particular embodiment of the evil principle now exciting Mr Tulliver’s determined34 resistance was Mr Pivart, who, having lands higher up the Ripple35, was taking measures for their irrigation, which either were, or would be, or were bound to be (on the principle that water was water), an infringement36 on Mr Tulliver’s legitimate37 share of water-power. Dix, who had a mill on the stream, was a feeble auxiliary38 of Old Harry39 compared with Pivart. Dix had been brought to his senses by arbitration40, and Wakem’s advice had not carried him far. No; Dix, Mr Tulliver considered, had been as good as nowhere in point of law; and in the intensity41 of his indignation against Pivart, his contempt for a baffled adversary like Dix began to wear the air of a friendly attachment42. He had no male audience to-day except Mr Moss, who knew nothing, as he said, of the “natur’ o’ mills,” and could only assent43 to Mr Tulliver’s arguments on the a priori ground of family relationship and monetary44 obligation; but Mr Tulliver did not talk with the futile45 intention of convincing his audience, he talked to relieve himself; while good Mr Moss made strong efforts to keep his eyes wide open, in spite of the sleepiness which an unusually good dinner produced in his hard-worked frame. Mrs Moss, more alive to the subject, and interested in everything that affected46 her brother, listened and put in a word as often as maternal47 preoccupations allowed.

    “Why, Pivart’s a new name hereabout, brother, isn’t it?” she said; “he didn’t own the land in father’s time, nor yours either, before I was married.”

    “New name? Yes, I should think it is a new name,” said Mr Tulliver, with angry emphasis. “Dorlcote Mill’s been in our family a hundred year and better, and nobody ever heard of a Pivart meddling48 with the river, till this fellow came and bought Bincome’s farm out of hand, before anybody else could so much as say ‘snap.’ But I’ll Pivart him!” added Mr Tulliver, lifting his glass with a sense that he had defined his resolution in an unmistakable manner.

    “You won’t be forced to go to law with him, I hope, brother?” said Mrs Moss, with some anxiety.

    “I don’t know what I shall be forced to; but I know what I shall force him to, with his dikes and erigations, if there’s any law to be brought to bear o’ the right side. I know well enough who’s at the bottom of it; he’s got Wakem to back him and egg him on. I know Wakem tells him the law can’t touch him for it, but there’s folks can handle the law besides Wakem. It takes a big raskil to beat him; but there’s bigger to be found, as know more o’ th’ ins and outs o’ the law, else how came Wakem to lose Brumley’s suit for him?”

    Mr Tulliver was a strictly49 honest man, and proud of being honest, but he considered that in law the ends of justice could only be achieved by employing a stronger knave50 to frustrate51 a weaker. Law was a sort of cock-fight, in which it was the business of injured honesty to get a game bird with the best pluck and the strongest spurs.

    Gore52’s no fool; you needn’t tell me that,” he observed presently, in a pugnacious53 tone, as if poor Gritty had been urging that lawyer’s capabilities54; “but, you see, he isn’t up to the law as Wakem is. And water’s a very particular thing; you can’t pick it up with a pitchfork. That’s why it’s been nuts to Old Harry and the lawyers. It’s plain enough what’s the rights and the wrongs of water, if you look at it straight-forrard; for a river’s a river, and if you’ve got a mill, you must have water to turn it; and it’s no use telling me Pivart’s erigation and nonsense won’t stop my wheel; I know what belongs to water better than that. Talk to me o’ what th’ engineers say! I say it’s common sense, as Pivart’s dikes must do me an injury. But if that’s their engineering, I’ll put Tom to it by-and-by, and he shall see if he can’t find a bit more sense in th’ engineering business than what that comes to.”

    Tom, looking round with some anxiety at this announcement of his prospects56, unthinkingly withdrew a small rattle57 he was amusing baby Moss with, whereupon she, being a baby that knew her own mind with remarkable58 clearness, instantaneously expressed her sentiments in a piercing yell, and was not to be appeased59 even by the restoration of the rattle, feeling apparently60 that the original wrong of having it taken from her remained in all its force. Mrs Moss hurried away with her into another room, and expressed to Mrs Tulliver, who accompanied her, the conviction that the dear child had good reasons for crying; implying that if it was supposed to be the rattle that baby clamored for, she was a misunderstood baby. The thoroughly61 justifiable62 yell being quieted, Mrs Moss looked at her sister-in-law and said,—

    “I’m sorry to see brother so put out about this water work.”

    “It’s your brother’s way, Mrs Moss; I’d never anything o’ that sort before I was married,” said Mrs Tulliver, with a half-implied reproach. She always spoke63 of her husband as “your brother” to Mrs Moss in any case when his line of conduct was not matter of pure admiration64. Amiable65 Mrs Tulliver, who was never angry in her life, had yet her mild share of that spirit without which she could hardly have been at once a Dodson and a woman. Being always on the defensive66 toward her own sisters, it was natural that she should be keenly conscious of her superiority, even as the weakest Dodson, over a husband’s sister, who, besides being poorly off, and inclined to “hang on” her brother, had the good-natured submissiveness of a large, easy-tempered, untidy, prolific67 woman, with affection enough in her not only for her own husband and abundant children, but for any number of collateral68 relations.

    “I hope and pray he won’t go to law,” said Mrs Moss, “for there’s never any knowing where that’ll end. And the right doesn’t allays69 win. This Mr Pivart’s a rich man, by what I can make out, and the rich mostly get things their own way.”

    “As to that,” said Mrs Tulliver, stroking her dress down, “I’ve seen what riches are in my own family; for my sisters have got husbands as can afford to do pretty much what they like. But I think sometimes I shall be drove off my head with the talk about this law and erigation; and my sisters lay all the fault to me, for they don’t know what it is to marry a man like your brother; how should they? Sister Pullet has her own way from morning till night.”

    “Well,” said Mrs Moss, “I don’t think I should like my husband if he hadn’t got any wits of his own, and I had to find head-piece for him. It’s a deal easier to do what pleases one’s husband, than to be puzzling what else one should do.”

    “If people come to talk o’ doing what pleases their husbands,” said Mrs Tulliver, with a faint imitation of her sister Glegg, “I’m sure your brother might have waited a long while before he’d have found a wife that ’ud have let him have his say in everything, as I do. It’s nothing but law and erigation now, from when we first get up in the morning till we go to bed at night; and I never contradict him; I only say, ‘Well, Mr Tulliver, do as you like; but whativer you do, don’t go to law.”

    Mrs Tulliver, as we have seen, was not without influence over her husband. No woman is; she can always incline him to do either what she wishes, or the reverse; and on the composite impulses that were threatening to hurry Mr Tulliver into “law,” Mrs Tulliver’s monotonous70 pleading had doubtless its share of force; it might even be comparable to that proverbial feather which has the credit or discredit71 of breaking the camel’s back; though, on a strictly impartial11 view, the blame ought rather to lie with the previous weight of feathers which had already placed the back in such imminent72 peril73 that an otherwise innocent feather could not settle on it without mischief74. Not that Mrs Tulliver’s feeble beseeching75 could have had this feather’s weight in virtue76 of her single personality; but whenever she departed from entire assent to her husband, he saw in her the representative of the Dodson family; and it was a guiding principle with Mr Tulliver to let the Dodsons know that they were not to domineer over him, or—more specifically—that a male Tulliver was far more than equal to four female Dodsons, even though one of them was Mrs Glegg.

    But not even a direct argument from that typical Dodson female herself against his going to law could have heightened his disposition77 toward it so much as the mere78 thought of Wakem, continually freshened by the sight of the too able attorney on market-days. Wakem, to his certain knowledge, was (metaphorically speaking) at the bottom of Pivart’s irrigation; Wakem had tried to make Dix stand out, and go to law about the dam; it was unquestionably Wakem who had caused Mr Tulliver to lose the suit about the right of road and the bridge that made a thoroughfare of his land for every vagabond who preferred an opportunity of damaging private property to walking like an honest man along the highroad; all lawyers were more or less rascals79, but Wakem’s rascality80 was of that peculiarly aggravated81 kind which placed itself in opposition82 to that form of right embodied83 in Mr Tulliver’s interests and opinions. And as an extra touch of bitterness, the injured miller84 had recently, in borrowing the five hundred pounds, been obliged to carry a little business to Wakem’s office on his own account. A hook-nosed glib85 fellow! as cool as a cucumber,—always looking so sure of his game! And it was vexatious that Lawyer Gore was not more like him, but was a bald, round-featured man, with bland86 manners and fat hands; a game-cock that you would be rash to bet upon against Wakem. Gore was a sly fellow. His weakness did not lie on the side of scrupulosity87; but the largest amount of winking88, however significant, is not equivalent to seeing through a stone wall; and confident as Mr Tulliver was in his principle that water was water, and in the direct inference that Pivart had not a leg to stand on in this affair of irrigation, he had an uncomfortable suspicion that Wakem had more law to show against this (rationally) irrefragable inference than Gore could show for it. But then, if they went to law, there was a chance for Mr Tulliver to employ Counsellor Wylde on his side, instead of having that admirable bully89 against him; and the prospect55 of seeing a witness of Wakem’s made to perspire90 and become confounded, as Mr Tulliver’s witness had once been, was alluring91 to the love of retributive justice.

    Much rumination92 had Mr Tulliver on these puzzling subjects during his rides on the gray horse; much turning of the head from side to side, as the scales dipped alternately; but the probable result was still out of sight, only to be reached through much hot argument and iteration in domestic and social life. That initial stage of the dispute which consisted in the narration of the case and the enforcement of Mr Tulliver’s views concerning it throughout the entire circle of his connections would necessarily take time; and at the beginning of February, when Tom was going to school again, there were scarcely any new items to be detected in his father’s statement of the case against Pivart, or any more specific indication of the measures he was bent6 on taking against that rash contravener93 of the principle that water was water. Iteration, like friction94, is likely to generate heat instead of progress, and Mr Tulliver’s heat was certainly more and more palpable. If there had been no new evidence on any other point, there had been new evidence that Pivart was as “thick as mud” with Wakem.

    “Father,” said Tom, one evening near the end of the holidays, “uncle Glegg says Lawyer Wakem is going to send his son to Mr Stelling. It isn’t true, what they said about his going to be sent to France. You won’t like me to go to school with Wakem’s son, shall you?”

    “It’s no matter for that, my boy,” said Mr Tulliver; “don’t you learn anything bad of him, that’s all. The lad’s a poor deformed95 creatur, and takes after his mother in the face; I think there isn’t much of his father in him. It’s a sign Wakem thinks high o’ Mr Sterling96, as he sends his son to him, and Wakem knows meal from bran.”

    Mr Tulliver in his heart was rather proud of the fact that his son was to have the same advantages as Wakem’s; but Tom was not at all easy on the point. It would have been much clearer if the lawyer’s son had not been deformed, for then Tom would have had the prospect of pitching into him with all that freedom which is derived97 from a high moral sanction.



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    1 infancy [ˈɪnfənsi] F4Ey0   第9级
    n.婴儿期;幼年期;初期
    参考例句:
    • He came to England in his infancy. 他幼年时期来到英国。
    • Their research is only in its infancy. 他们的研究处于初级阶段。
    2 laurels ['lɒrəlz] 0pSzBr   第12级
    n.桂冠,荣誉
    参考例句:
    • The path was lined with laurels. 小路两旁都种有月桂树。
    • He reaped the laurels in the finals. 他在决赛中荣膺冠军。
    3 shuddering ['ʃʌdərɪŋ] 7cc81262357e0332a505af2c19a03b06   第8级
    v.战栗( shudder的现在分词 );发抖;(机器、车辆等)突然震动;颤动
    参考例句:
    • 'I am afraid of it,'she answered, shuddering. “我害怕,”她发着抖,说。 来自英汉文学 - 双城记
    • She drew a deep shuddering breath. 她不由得打了个寒噤,深深吸了口气。 来自飘(部分)
    4 blotches [blɔtʃiz] 8774b940cca40b77d41e782c6a462e49   第12级
    n.(皮肤上的)红斑,疹块( blotch的名词复数 );大滴 [大片](墨水或颜色的)污渍
    参考例句:
    • His skin was covered with unsightly blotches. 他的皮肤上长满了难看的疹块。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • His face was covered in red blotches, seemingly a nasty case of acne. 他满脸红斑,像是起了很严重的粉刺。 来自辞典例句
    5 petrified [ˈpetrɪfaɪd] 2e51222789ae4ecee6134eb89ed9998d   第10级
    adj.惊呆的;目瞪口呆的v.使吓呆,使惊呆;变僵硬;使石化(petrify的过去式和过去分词)
    参考例句:
    • I'm petrified of snakes. 我特别怕蛇。
    • The poor child was petrified with fear. 这可怜的孩子被吓呆了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    6 bent [bent] QQ8yD   第7级
    n.爱好,癖好;adj.弯的;决心的,一心的;v.(使)弯曲,屈身(bend的过去式和过去分词)
    参考例句:
    • He was fully bent upon the project. 他一心扑在这项计划上。
    • We bent over backward to help them. 我们尽了最大努力帮助他们。
    7 fragrance [ˈfreɪgrəns] 66ryn   第8级
    n.芬芳,香味,香气
    参考例句:
    • The apple blossoms filled the air with their fragrance. 苹果花使空气充满香味。
    • The fragrance of lavender filled the room. 房间里充满了薰衣草的香味。
    8 imprisonment [ɪm'prɪznmənt] I9Uxk   第8级
    n.关押,监禁,坐牢
    参考例句:
    • His sentence was commuted from death to life imprisonment. 他的判决由死刑减为无期徒刑。
    • He was sentenced to one year's imprisonment for committing bigamy. 他因为犯重婚罪被判入狱一年。
    9 primitive [ˈprɪmətɪv] vSwz0   第7级
    adj.原始的;简单的;n.原(始)人,原始事物
    参考例句:
    • It is a primitive instinct to flee a place of danger. 逃离危险的地方是一种原始本能。
    • His book describes the march of the civilization of a primitive society. 他的著作描述了一个原始社会的开化过程。
    10 hearth [hɑ:θ] n5by9   第9级
    n.壁炉炉床,壁炉地面
    参考例句:
    • She came and sat in a chair before the hearth. 她走过来,在炉子前面的椅子上坐下。
    • She comes to the hearth, and switches on the electric light there. 她走到壁炉那里,打开电灯。
    11 impartial [ɪmˈpɑ:ʃl] eykyR   第7级
    adj.(in,to)公正的,无偏见的
    参考例句:
    • He gave an impartial view of the state of affairs in Ireland. 他对爱尔兰的事态发表了公正的看法。
    • Careers officers offer impartial advice to all pupils. 就业指导员向所有学生提供公正无私的建议。
    12 impartially [im'pɑ:ʃəli] lqbzdy   第7级
    adv.公平地,无私地
    参考例句:
    • Employers must consider all candidates impartially and without bias. 雇主必须公平而毫无成见地考虑所有求职者。
    • We hope that they're going to administer justice impartially. 我们希望他们能主持正义,不偏不倚。
    13 mighty [ˈmaɪti] YDWxl   第7级
    adj.强有力的;巨大的
    参考例句:
    • A mighty force was about to break loose. 一股巨大的力量即将迸发而出。
    • The mighty iceberg came into view. 巨大的冰山出现在眼前。
    14 holly [ˈhɒli] hrdzTt   第10级
    n.[植]冬青属灌木
    参考例句:
    • I recently acquired some wood from a holly tree. 最近我从一棵冬青树上弄了些木料。
    • People often decorate their houses with holly at Christmas. 人们总是在圣诞节时用冬青来装饰房屋。
    15 scarlet [ˈskɑ:lət] zD8zv   第9级
    n.深红色,绯红色,红衣;adj.绯红色的
    参考例句:
    • The scarlet leaves of the maples contrast well with the dark green of the pines. 深红的枫叶和暗绿的松树形成了明显的对比。
    • The glowing clouds are growing slowly pale, scarlet, bright red, and then light red. 天空的霞光渐渐地淡下去了,深红的颜色变成了绯红,绯红又变为浅红。
    16 ivy [ˈaɪvi] x31ys   第10级
    n.常青藤,常春藤
    参考例句:
    • Her wedding bouquet consisted of roses and ivy. 她的婚礼花篮包括玫瑰和长春藤。
    • The wall is covered all over with ivy. 墙上爬满了常春藤。
    17 insistence [ɪnˈsɪstəns] A6qxB   第10级
    n.坚持;强调;坚决主张
    参考例句:
    • They were united in their insistence that she should go to college. 他们一致坚持她应上大学。
    • His insistence upon strict obedience is correct. 他坚持绝对服从是对的。
    18 choir [ˈkwaɪə(r)] sX0z5   第8级
    n.唱诗班,唱诗班的席位,合唱团,舞蹈团;v.合唱
    参考例句:
    • The choir sang the words out with great vigor. 合唱团以极大的热情唱出了歌词。
    • The church choir is singing tonight. 今晚教堂歌唱队要唱诗。
    19 awe [ɔ:] WNqzC   第7级
    n.敬畏,惊惧;vt.使敬畏,使惊惧
    参考例句:
    • The sight filled us with awe. 这景色使我们大为惊叹。
    • The approaching tornado struck awe in our hearts. 正在逼近的龙卷风使我们惊恐万分。
    20 fustian [ˈfʌstiən] Zhnx2   第12级
    n.浮夸的;厚粗棉布
    参考例句:
    • Fustian can't disguise the author's meager plot. 浮夸的文章掩饰不住这个作者的贫乏情节。
    • His fustian shirt, sanguine flowered, trembles its Spanish tassels at his secrets. 他身上穿的是件印有血红色大花的粗斜纹布衬衫,每当他吐露秘密时,西班牙式的流苏就颤悠。
    21 anthem [ˈænθəm] vMRyj   第9级
    n.圣歌,赞美诗,颂歌
    参考例句:
    • All those present were standing solemnly when the national anthem was played. 奏国歌时全场肃立。
    • As he stood on the winner's rostrum, he sang the words of the national anthem. 他站在冠军领奖台上,唱起了国歌。
    22 boughs [baʊz] 95e9deca9a2fb4bbbe66832caa8e63e0   第9级
    大树枝( bough的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • The green boughs glittered with all their pearls of dew. 绿枝上闪烁着露珠的光彩。
    • A breeze sighed in the higher boughs. 微风在高高的树枝上叹息着。
    23 moss [mɒs] X6QzA   第7级
    n.苔,藓,地衣
    参考例句:
    • Moss grows on a rock. 苔藓生在石头上。
    • He was found asleep on a pillow of leaves and moss. 有人看见他枕着树叶和苔藓睡着了。
    24 symbolic [sɪmˈbɒlɪk] ErgwS   第8级
    adj.象征性的,符号的,象征主义的
    参考例句:
    • It is symbolic of the fighting spirit of modern womanhood. 它象征着现代妇女的战斗精神。
    • The Christian ceremony of baptism is a symbolic act. 基督教的洗礼仪式是一种象征性的做法。
    25 nether [ˈneðə(r)] P1pyY   第12级
    adj.下部的,下面的;n.阴间;下层社会
    参考例句:
    • This terracotta army well represents his ambition yet to be realized in the nether-world. 这一批兵马俑很可能代表他死后也要去实现的雄心。
    • He was escorted back to the nether regions of Main Street. 他被护送回中央大道南面的地方。
    26 distinguished [dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt] wu9z3v   第8级
    adj.卓越的,杰出的,著名的
    参考例句:
    • Elephants are distinguished from other animals by their long noses. 大象以其长长的鼻子显示出与其他动物的不同。
    • A banquet was given in honor of the distinguished guests. 宴会是为了向贵宾们致敬而举行的。
    27 irate [aɪˈreɪt] na2zo   第12级
    adj.发怒的,生气
    参考例句:
    • The irate animal made for us, coming at a full jump. 那头发怒的动物以最快的速度向我们冲过来。
    • We have received some irate phone calls from customers. 我们接到顾客打来的一些愤怒的电话
    28 defiant [dɪˈfaɪənt] 6muzw   第10级
    adj.无礼的,挑战的
    参考例句:
    • With a last defiant gesture, they sang a revolutionary song as they were led away to prison. 他们被带走投入监狱时,仍以最后的反抗姿态唱起了一支革命歌曲。
    • He assumed a defiant attitude toward his employer. 他对雇主采取挑衅的态度。
    29 espoused [ɪˈspaʊzd] e4bb92cfc0056652a51fe54370e2951b   第10级
    v.(决定)支持,拥护(目标、主张等)( espouse的过去式和过去分词 )
    参考例句:
    • They espoused the notion of equal opportunity for all in education. 他们赞同在教育方面人人机会均等的观念。
    • The ideas she espoused were incomprehensible to me. 她所支持的意见令我难以理解。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    30 narration [nəˈreɪʃn] tFvxS   第9级
    n.讲述,叙述;故事;记叙体
    参考例句:
    • The richness of his novel comes from his narration of it. 他小说的丰富多采得益于他的叙述。
    • Narration should become a basic approach to preschool education. 叙事应是幼儿教育的基本途径。
    31 rascally ['rɑ:sklɪ] rascally   第9级
    adj. 无赖的,恶棍的 adv. 无赖地,卑鄙地
    参考例句:
    • They said Kelso got some rascally adventurer, some Belgian brute, to insult his son-in-law in public. 他们说是凯尔索指使某个下贱的冒险家,一个比利时恶棍,来当众侮辱他的女婿。
    • Ms Taiwan: Can't work at all, but still brag and quibble rascally. 台湾小姐:明明不行,还要硬拗、赖皮逞强。
    32 adversary [ˈædvəsəri] mxrzt   第9级
    adj.敌手,对手
    参考例句:
    • He saw her as his main adversary within the company. 他将她视为公司中主要的对手。
    • They will do anything to undermine their adversary's reputation. 他们会不择手段地去损害对手的名誉。
    33 irritable [ˈɪrɪtəbl] LRuzn   第9级
    adj.急躁的;过敏的;易怒的
    参考例句:
    • He gets irritable when he's got toothache. 他牙一疼就很容易发脾气。
    • Our teacher is an irritable old lady. She gets angry easily. 我们的老师是位脾气急躁的老太太。她很容易生气。
    34 determined [dɪˈtɜ:mɪnd] duszmP   第7级
    adj.坚定的;有决心的;v.决定;断定(determine的过去分词)
    参考例句:
    • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation. 我已决定毕业后去西藏。
    • He determined to view the rooms behind the office. 他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
    35 ripple [ˈrɪpl] isLyh   第7级
    n.涟波,涟漪,波纹,粗钢梳;vt.使...起涟漪,使起波纹; vi.呈波浪状,起伏前进
    参考例句:
    • The pebble made a ripple on the surface of the lake. 石子在湖面上激起一个涟漪。
    • The small ripple split upon the beach. 小小的涟漪卷来,碎在沙滩上。
    36 infringement [ɪn'frɪndʒmənt] nbvz3   第12级
    n.违反;侵权
    参考例句:
    • Infringement of this regulation would automatically rule you out of the championship. 违背这一规则会被自动取消参加锦标赛的资格。
    • The committee ruled that the US ban constituted an infringement of free trade. 委员会裁定美国的禁令对自由贸易构成了侵犯
    37 legitimate [lɪˈdʒɪtɪmət] L9ZzJ   第8级
    adj.合法的,合理的,合乎逻辑的;v.使合法
    参考例句:
    • Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave. 生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
    • That's a perfectly legitimate fear. 怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。
    38 auxiliary [ɔ:gˈzɪliəri] RuKzm   第7级
    adj.辅助的,备用的
    参考例句:
    • I work in an auxiliary unit. 我在一家附属单位工作。
    • The hospital has an auxiliary power system in case of blackout. 这家医院装有备用发电系统以防灯火管制。
    39 harry [ˈhæri] heBxS   第8级
    vt.掠夺,蹂躏,使苦恼
    参考例句:
    • Today, people feel more hurried and harried. 今天,人们感到更加忙碌和苦恼。
    • Obama harried business by Healthcare Reform plan. 奥巴马用医改掠夺了商界。
    40 arbitration [ˌɑ:bɪˈtreɪʃn] hNgyh   第10级
    n.调停,仲裁
    参考例句:
    • The wage disagreement is under arbitration. 工资纠纷正在仲裁中。
    • Both sides have agreed that the arbitration will be binding. 双方都赞同仲裁具有约束力。
    41 intensity [ɪnˈtensəti] 45Ixd   第7级
    n.强烈,剧烈;强度;烈度
    参考例句:
    • I didn't realize the intensity of people's feelings on this issue. 我没有意识到这一问题能引起群情激奋。
    • The strike is growing in intensity. 罢工日益加剧。
    42 attachment [əˈtætʃmənt] POpy1   第7级
    n.附属物,附件;依恋;依附
    参考例句:
    • She has a great attachment to her sister. 她十分依恋她的姐姐。
    • She's on attachment to the Ministry of Defense. 她现在隶属于国防部。
    43 assent [əˈsent] Hv6zL   第9级
    vi.批准,认可;n.批准,认可
    参考例句:
    • I cannot assent to what you ask. 我不能应允你的要求。
    • The new bill passed by Parliament has received Royal Assent. 议会所通过的新方案已获国王批准。
    44 monetary [ˈmʌnɪtri] pEkxb   第7级
    adj.货币的,钱的;通货的;金融的;财政的
    参考例句:
    • The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold. 过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
    • Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. 荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。
    45 futile [ˈfju:taɪl] vfTz2   第8级
    adj.无效的,无用的,无希望的
    参考例句:
    • They were killed, to the last man, in a futile attack. 因为进攻失败,他们全部被杀,无一幸免。
    • Their efforts to revive him were futile. 他们对他抢救无效。
    46 affected [əˈfektɪd] TzUzg0   第9级
    adj.不自然的,假装的
    参考例句:
    • She showed an affected interest in our subject. 她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
    • His manners are affected. 他的态度不自然。
    47 maternal [məˈtɜ:nl] 57Azi   第8级
    adj.母亲的,母亲般的,母系的,母方的
    参考例句:
    • He is my maternal uncle. 他是我舅舅。
    • The sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal instincts. 那个绝望的小男孩的模样唤起了她的母性。
    48 meddling [ˈmedlɪŋ] meddling   第8级
    v.干涉,干预(他人事务)( meddle的现在分词 )
    参考例句:
    • He denounced all "meddling" attempts to promote a negotiation. 他斥责了一切“干预”促成谈判的企图。 来自辞典例句
    • They liked this field because it was never visited by meddling strangers. 她们喜欢这块田野,因为好事的陌生人从来不到那里去。 来自辞典例句
    49 strictly [ˈstrɪktli] GtNwe   第7级
    adv.严厉地,严格地;严密地
    参考例句:
    • His doctor is dieting him strictly. 他的医生严格规定他的饮食。
    • The guests were seated strictly in order of precedence. 客人严格按照地位高低就座。
    50 knave [neɪv] oxsy2   第11级
    n.流氓;(纸牌中的)杰克
    参考例句:
    • Better be a fool than a knave. 宁做傻瓜,不做无赖。
    • Once a knave, ever a knave. 一次成无赖,永远是无赖。
    51 frustrate [frʌˈstreɪt] yh9xj   第7级
    vt.使失望;使沮丧;使厌烦;vi.失败;受挫
    参考例句:
    • But this didn't frustrate Einstein. He was content to go as far as he could. 但这并没有使爱因斯坦灰心,他对能够更深入地研究而感到满意。
    • They made their preparations to frustrate the conspiracy. 他们作好准备挫败这个阴谋。
    52 gore [gɔ:(r)] gevzd   第12级
    n.凝血,血污;v.(动物)用角撞伤,用牙刺破;缝以补裆;顶
    参考例句:
    • The fox lay dying in a pool of gore. 狐狸倒在血泊中奄奄一息。
    • Carruthers had been gored by a rhinoceros. 卡拉瑟斯被犀牛顶伤了。
    53 pugnacious [pʌgˈneɪʃəs] fSKxs   第11级
    adj.好斗的
    参考例句:
    • He is a pugnacious fighter. 他是个好斗的战士。
    • When he was a child, he was pugnacious and fought with everyone. 他小时候很好斗,跟每个人都打过架。
    54 capabilities [ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlɪti:z] f7b11037f2050959293aafb493b7653c   第7级
    n.能力( capability的名词复数 );可能;容量;[复数]潜在能力
    参考例句:
    • He was somewhat pompous and had a high opinion of his own capabilities. 他有点自大,自视甚高。 来自辞典例句
    • Some programmers use tabs to break complex product capabilities into smaller chunks. 一些程序员认为,标签可以将复杂的功能分为每个窗格一组简单的功能。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
    55 prospect [ˈprɒspekt] P01zn   第7级
    n.前景,前途;景色,视野
    参考例句:
    • This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect. 事态呈现出可喜的前景。
    • The prospect became more evident. 前景变得更加明朗了。
    56 prospects ['prɔspekts] fkVzpY   第7级
    n.希望,前途(恒为复数)
    参考例句:
    • There is a mood of pessimism in the company about future job prospects. 公司中有一种对工作前景悲观的情绪。
    • They are less sanguine about the company's long-term prospects. 他们对公司的远景不那么乐观。
    57 rattle [ˈrætl] 5Alzb   第7级
    vt.&vi.飞奔,碰响;激怒;n.碰撞声;拨浪鼓
    参考例句:
    • The baby only shook the rattle and laughed and crowed. 孩子只是摇着拨浪鼓,笑着叫着。
    • She could hear the rattle of the teacups. 她听见茶具叮当响。
    58 remarkable [rɪˈmɑ:kəbl] 8Vbx6   第7级
    adj.显著的,异常的,非凡的,值得注意的
    参考例句:
    • She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills. 她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。
    • These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines. 这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响。
    59 appeased [əˈpi:zd] ef7dfbbdb157a2a29b5b2f039a3b80d6   第9级
    安抚,抚慰( appease的过去式和过去分词 ); 绥靖(满足另一国的要求以避免战争)
    参考例句:
    • His hunger could only be appeased by his wife. 他的欲望只有他的妻子能满足。
    • They are the more readily appeased. 他们比较容易和解。
    60 apparently [əˈpærəntli] tMmyQ   第7级
    adv.显然地;表面上,似乎
    参考例句:
    • An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space. 山穷水尽,豁然开朗。
    • He was apparently much surprised at the news. 他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。
    61 thoroughly [ˈθʌrəli] sgmz0J   第8级
    adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地
    参考例句:
    • The soil must be thoroughly turned over before planting. 一定要先把土地深翻一遍再下种。
    • The soldiers have been thoroughly instructed in the care of their weapons. 士兵们都系统地接受过保护武器的训练。
    62 justifiable [ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪəbl] a3ExP   第11级
    adj.有理由的,无可非议的
    参考例句:
    • What he has done is hardly justifiable. 他的所作所为说不过去。
    • Justifiable defense is the act being exempted from crimes. 正当防卫不属于犯罪行为。
    63 spoke [spəʊk] XryyC   第11级
    n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
    参考例句:
    • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company. 他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
    • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre. 辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
    64 admiration [ˌædməˈreɪʃn] afpyA   第8级
    n.钦佩,赞美,羡慕
    参考例句:
    • He was lost in admiration of the beauty of the scene. 他对风景之美赞不绝口。
    • We have a great admiration for the gold medalists. 我们对金牌获得者极为敬佩。
    65 amiable [ˈeɪmiəbl] hxAzZ   第7级
    adj.和蔼可亲的,友善的,亲切的
    参考例句:
    • She was a very kind and amiable old woman. 她是个善良和气的老太太。
    • We have a very amiable companionship. 我们之间存在一种友好的关系。
    66 defensive [dɪˈfensɪv] buszxy   第9级
    adj.防御的;防卫的;防守的
    参考例句:
    • Their questions about the money put her on the defensive. 他们问到钱的问题,使她警觉起来。
    • The Government hastily organized defensive measures against the raids. 政府急忙布置了防卫措施抵御空袭。
    67 prolific [prəˈlɪfɪk] fiUyF   第9级
    adj.丰富的,大量的;多产的,富有创造力的
    参考例句:
    • She is a prolific writer of novels and short stories. 她是一位多产的作家,写了很多小说和短篇故事。
    • The last few pages of the document are prolific of mistakes. 这个文件的最后几页错误很多。
    68 collateral [kəˈlætərəl] wqhzH   第8级
    adj.平行的;旁系的;n.担保品
    参考例句:
    • Many people use personal assets as collateral for small business loans. 很多人把个人财产用作小额商业贷款的抵押品。
    • Most people here cannot borrow from banks because they lack collateral. 由于拿不出东西作为抵押,这里大部分人无法从银行贷款。
    69 allays [əˈleɪz] f45fdd769a96a81776867dc31c85398d   第10级
    v.减轻,缓和( allay的第三人称单数 )
    参考例句:
    • This leads to better leak integrity and allays contamination concerns. 这导致了更好的泄露完整性,减少了对污染的担心。 来自互联网
    • And from a security standpoint the act raises as many fears as allays. 而从安全角度来说,该法案消除恐惧的同时也增加了担忧。 来自互联网
    70 monotonous [məˈnɒtənəs] FwQyJ   第8级
    adj.单调的,一成不变的,使人厌倦的
    参考例句:
    • She thought life in the small town was monotonous. 她觉得小镇上的生活单调而乏味。
    • His articles are fixed in form and monotonous in content. 他的文章千篇一律,一个调调儿。
    71 discredit [dɪsˈkredɪt] fu3xX   第9级
    vt.使不可置信;n.丧失信义;不信,怀疑
    参考例句:
    • Their behaviour has bought discredit on English football. 他们的行为败坏了英国足球运动的声誉。
    • They no longer try to discredit the technology itself. 他们不再试图怀疑这种技术本身。
    72 imminent [ˈɪmɪnənt] zc9z2   第8级
    adj.即将发生的,临近的,逼近的
    参考例句:
    • The black clouds show that a storm is imminent. 乌云预示暴风雨即将来临。
    • The country is in imminent danger. 国难当头。
    73 peril [ˈperəl] l3Dz6   第9级
    n.(严重的)危险;危险的事物;vt.危及;置…于险境
    参考例句:
    • The refugees were in peril of death from hunger. 难民有饿死的危险。
    • The embankment is in great peril. 河堤岌岌可危。
    74 mischief [ˈmɪstʃɪf] jDgxH   第7级
    n.损害,伤害,危害;恶作剧,捣蛋,胡闹
    参考例句:
    • Nobody took notice of the mischief of the matter. 没有人注意到这件事情所带来的危害。
    • He seems to intend mischief. 看来他想捣蛋。
    75 beseeching [bɪˈsi:tʃɪŋ] 67f0362f7eb28291ad2968044eb2a985   第11级
    adj.恳求似的v.恳求,乞求(某事物)( beseech的现在分词 )
    参考例句:
    • She clung to her father, beseeching him for consent. 她紧紧挨着父亲,恳求他答应。 来自辞典例句
    • He casts a beseeching glance at his son. 他用恳求的眼光望着儿子。 来自辞典例句
    76 virtue [ˈvɜ:tʃu:] BpqyH   第7级
    n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力
    参考例句:
    • He was considered to be a paragon of virtue. 他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
    • You need to decorate your mind with virtue. 你应该用德行美化心灵。
    77 disposition [ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃn] GljzO   第7级
    n.性情,性格;意向,倾向;排列,部署
    参考例句:
    • He has made a good disposition of his property. 他已对财产作了妥善处理。
    • He has a cheerful disposition. 他性情开朗。
    78 mere [mɪə(r)] rC1xE   第7级
    adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过
    参考例句:
    • That is a mere repetition of what you said before. 那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
    • It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer. 再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。
    79 rascals [ˈræskəlz] 5ab37438604a153e085caf5811049ebb   第9级
    流氓( rascal的名词复数 ); 无赖; (开玩笑说法)淘气的人(尤指小孩); 恶作剧的人
    参考例句:
    • "Oh, but I like rascals. "唔,不过我喜欢流氓。
    • "They're all second-raters, black sheep, rascals. "他们都是二流人物,是流氓,是恶棍。
    80 rascality [ræs'kælɪtɪ] d42e2a118789a8817fa597e13ed4f92d   第9级
    流氓性,流氓集团
    参考例句:
    81 aggravated [ˈægrəveɪtɪd] d0aec1b8bb810b0e260cb2aa0ff9c2ed   第7级
    使恶化( aggravate的过去式和过去分词 ); 使更严重; 激怒; 使恼火
    参考例句:
    • If he aggravated me any more I shall hit him. 假如他再激怒我,我就要揍他。
    • Far from relieving my cough, the medicine aggravated it. 这药非但不镇咳,反而使我咳嗽得更厉害。
    82 opposition [ˌɒpəˈzɪʃn] eIUxU   第8级
    n.反对,敌对
    参考例句:
    • The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard. 该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
    • The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition. 警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。
    83 embodied [imˈbɔdid] 12aaccf12ed540b26a8c02d23d463865   第7级
    v.表现( embody的过去式和过去分词 );象征;包括;包含
    参考例句:
    • a politician who embodied the hopes of black youth 代表黑人青年希望的政治家
    • The heroic deeds of him embodied the glorious tradition of the troops. 他的英雄事迹体现了军队的光荣传统。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    84 miller [ˈmɪlə(r)] ZD6xf   第8级
    n.磨坊主
    参考例句:
    • Every miller draws water to his own mill. 磨坊主都往自己磨里注水。
    • The skilful miller killed millions of lions with his ski. 技术娴熟的磨坊主用雪橇杀死了上百万头狮子。
    85 glib [glɪb] DeNzs   第10级
    adj.圆滑的,油嘴滑舌的
    参考例句:
    • His glib talk sounds as sweet as a song. 他说的比唱的还好听。
    • The fellow has a very glib tongue. 这家伙嘴油得很。
    86 bland [blænd] dW1zi   第8级
    adj.淡而无味的,温和的,无刺激性的
    参考例句:
    • He eats bland food because of his stomach trouble. 他因胃病而吃清淡的食物。
    • This soup is too bland for me. 这汤我喝起来偏淡。
    87 scrupulosity [ˌskru:pjʊ'lɒsɪtɪ] 320bad05cd91e52759d3b8df5f503732   第8级
    n.顾虑
    参考例句:
    88 winking ['wɪŋkɪŋ] b599b2f7a74d5974507152324c7b8979   第7级
    n.瞬眼,目语v.使眼色( wink的现在分词 );递眼色(表示友好或高兴等);(指光)闪烁;闪亮
    参考例句:
    • Anyone can do it; it's as easy as winking. 这谁都办得到,简直易如反掌。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
    • The stars were winking in the clear sky. 星星在明亮的天空中闪烁。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    89 bully [ˈbʊli] bully   第8级
    n.恃强欺弱者,小流氓;vt.威胁,欺侮
    参考例句:
    • A bully is always a coward. 暴汉常是懦夫。
    • The boy gave the bully a pelt on the back with a pebble. 那男孩用石子掷击小流氓的背脊。
    90 perspire [pəˈspaɪə(r)] V3KzD   第10级
    vi.出汗,流汗
    参考例句:
    • He began to perspire heavily. 他开始大量出汗。
    • You perspire a lot when you are eating. 你在吃饭的时候流汗很多。
    91 alluring [ə'ljuəriŋ] zzUz1U   第9级
    adj.吸引人的,迷人的
    参考例句:
    • The life in a big city is alluring for the young people. 大都市的生活对年轻人颇具诱惑力。
    • Lisette's large red mouth broke into a most alluring smile. 莉莎特的鲜红的大嘴露出了一副极为诱人的微笑。
    92 rumination [ˌru:mɪ'neɪʃn] 24f6e2f9ef911fa311fa96206523fde1   第10级
    n.反刍,沉思
    参考例句:
    • EA is the theory of rumination about human EA conception. 生态美学是对人类生态审美观念反思的理论。 来自互联网
    • The rumination and distress catalyze the growth process, Dr. 这种反复思考和哀伤反而促进了成长的过程。 来自互联网
    93 contravener [ˌkɒntrə'vi:n] b00a901acd55b33a35392b088dd48d89   第10级
    vt.抵触,与…不相容;违反,违背;否定,反驳
    参考例句:
    • The moves contravene the peace plan agreed by both sides. 这些举措违反了双方同意的和平方案。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • He said the article did not contravene the industry's code of conduct. 他说这一条款并未违反行业的行为准则。 来自辞典例句
    94 friction [ˈfrɪkʃn] JQMzr   第7级
    n.摩擦,摩擦力
    参考例句:
    • When Joan returned to work, the friction between them increased. 琼回来工作后,他们之间的摩擦加剧了。
    • Friction acts on moving bodies and brings them to a stop. 摩擦力作用于运动着的物体,并使其停止。
    95 deformed [dɪˈfɔ:md] iutzwV   第12级
    adj.畸形的;变形的;丑的,破相了的
    参考例句:
    • He was born with a deformed right leg. 他出生时右腿畸形。
    • His body was deformed by leprosy. 他的身体因为麻风病变形了。
    96 sterling [ˈstɜ:lɪŋ] yG8z6   第9级
    adj.英币的(纯粹的,货真价实的);n.英国货币(英镑)
    参考例句:
    • Could you tell me the current rate for sterling, please? 能否请您告诉我现行英国货币的兑换率?
    • Sterling has recently been strong, which will help to abate inflationary pressures. 英国货币最近非常坚挺,这有助于减轻通胀压力。
    97 derived [dɪ'raɪvd] 6cddb7353e699051a384686b6b3ff1e2   第7级
    vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取
    参考例句:
    • Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。 来自《简明英汉词典》

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