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男性的十大健康问题
添加时间:2018-01-14 19:34:10 浏览次数: 作者:未知
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  • If you take better care of your car or favorite gadget1 than your body, you aren’t alone. According to the Men’s Health Network, a lack of awareness2, weak health education, and unhealthy work and personal lifestyles have caused a steady deterioration3 of the well-being4 of American men.

    大多数人都会很好的照顾自己的车和其他喜欢的小玩意,而忽略了自己的身体也需要照顾。根据男性健康网络所述,缺乏健康意识、健康教育薄弱、不健康的工作和个人生活方式导致了美国男性健康状况的持续恶化。

    Visit your medical provider to learn how you can reduce your risk of common conditions facing men, such as cancer, depression, heart disease, and respiratory diseases.

    你可以去医疗公司或者医院进行检查和咨询,进而了解如何减少你正在面临的风险,如癌症、抑郁、心脏病和呼吸系统疾病。

    HEART HEALTH

    心脏健康

    Heart disease comes in many forms. All of its forms can lead to serious, fatal complications if undetected. The American Heart Association states that more than one in three adult men have some form of cardiovascular disease. African-American men account for 100,000 more cardiovascular disease deaths than Caucasian men.

    心脏病有多种形式,如果不及时发现,它的所有形式都可能导致严重的致命的并发症。美国心脏协会表示,超过三分之一的成年人患有某种心血管疾病。非裔美国人的心血管疾病死亡人数比白人男性多10万人。

    COPD and other respiratory diseases

    慢性阻塞性肺病和其他呼吸系统疾病。

    Many respiratory diseases start with an innocent “smoker’s cough.” Over time, that cough can lead to life-threatening conditions, such as lung cancer, emphysema, or COPD. All of these conditions interfere5 with your ability to breathe.

    许多呼吸系统疾病都是从看似无辜的“吸烟者的咳嗽”开始的。随着时间的推移,这种咳嗽会导致危及生命的疾病,如肺癌、肺气肿或慢性阻塞性肺病。所有这些情况都会影响你的呼吸能力。

    If you have smoked for more than 30 years, a low-dose CT scan maybe prudent6 to screen for lung cancer.

    如果你吸烟超过30年,低剂量的CT扫描可能会对肺癌筛查有帮助。

    Alcohol: Friend or foe7?

    酒精:朋友还是敌人?

    According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), men face higher rates of alcohol-related deaths and hospitalizations than women do. Men binge drink twice as much as women. They are also prone8 to increased aggression9 and sexual assault against women.

    根据美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)的数据,男性与酒精相关的死亡和住院的比率要高于女性。男人酗酒的程度是女人的两倍。同时喝酒的男子还容易对妇女进行施暴和性侵犯。

    Alcohol consumption increases your risk for cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus, liver, and colon10. Alcohol also interferes11 with testicular function and hormone12 production. This can result in impotence and infertility13. According to the CDC, men are more likely than women to commit suicide. They also are more likely to have been drinking prior14 to doing so.

    饮酒会增加你患口腔、咽喉、食道、肝脏和结肠癌症的风险。酒精还会干扰睾丸功能和激素分泌。这可能导致阳痿和不育。根据疾病预防控制中心的数据,男性比女性更容易自杀。他们在这样做之前也更有可能喝酒。

    Depression and suicide

    抑郁症和自杀

    Researchers at The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) estimate that at least 6 million men suffer from depressive disorders15, including suicidal thoughts, annually16.

    美国国家心理健康研究所(NIMH)的研究人员估计,每年至少有600万人患有抑郁症,包括萌生自杀想法。

    Unintentional injuries and accidents

    意外伤害和事故

    The CDC lists unintentional injury as a leading cause of death for men in 2006. This includes drowning, traumatic brain injuries, and fireworks-related mishaps17.

    美国疾病控制和预防中心将意外伤害列为2006年男性死亡的主要原因。这包括溺水、脑外伤和与火灾有关的事故。

    Motor vehicle death rates for male drivers and passengers ages 15 to 19 were almost twice that of females in 2006. Male workers incurred18 92 percent of the 5,524 total reported fatal occupational injuries. Remember, safety first.

    2006年,年龄在15岁至19岁之间的男性司机和乘客的机动车死亡率几乎是女性的两倍。在5524份报告中,男性员工中有92%是致命的职业伤害。记住,安全第一。

    Liver disease

    肝脏疾病

    Your liver is the size of a football. It helps you digest food and absorb nutrients19. It also rids your body of toxic20 substances. Liver disease includes conditions such as: cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, autoimmune or genetic21 liver diseases

    你的肝脏和足球差不多大。它能帮助你消化食物和吸收营养。它还会消除你体内的有毒物质。肝脏疾病包括:肝硬化、病毒性肝炎、自身免疫性或遗传性肝病。

    According to the American Cancer Society, alcohol and tobacco use increases your chance of developing liver disease.

    根据美国癌症协会,酒精和烟草的使用会增加你患肝病的几率。

    Diabetes22

    糖尿病

    If left untreated, diabetes can lead to nerve and kidney damage, heart disease and stroke, and even vision problems or blindness. Men with diabetes face a risk of lower testosterone levels and sexual impotence. This can lead to increased depression or anxiety.

    如果不及时治疗,糖尿病会导致神经和肾脏损害、心脏病和中风,甚至出现视力问题,包括失明。患有糖尿病的男性还有睾丸激素水平降低以及性无能的风险,这也会导致抑郁或焦虑。

    The American Diabetes Association (ADA) celebrates today’s “modern man” as someone who is more aware of his blood sugar health. The ADA recommends that men “get out, get active, and get informed.” The best way to control your diabetes is to eat healthy and exercise. If you have a family history of diabetes, it is important to see your doctor to have periodic screenings for diabetes.

    美国糖尿病协会因“现代人”更了解自己的血糖健康状况而感到欣慰。《美国残疾人法》建议男性“外出、积极活动、并获得相关讯息。”“控制糖尿病最好的方法就是健康的饮食并适当的运动。”如果你有糖尿病家族史,重要的是要让你的医生定期检查糖尿病。

    Influenza23 and pneumonia24

    流感和肺炎

    Influenza and pneumococcal infectionare two leading health risks for men. Men who have compromised immune systems due to COPD, diabetes, congestive heart failure, sickle25 cell anemia26, AIDS, or cancer are more susceptible27 to these illnesses.

    流感和肺炎球菌感染是男性的两大健康风险。那些患有慢性阻塞性肺病、糖尿病、充血性心力衰竭、镰状细胞性贫血、艾滋病或癌症的免疫系统受损的男性更容易患上这些疾病。

    Men are about 25 percent more likely to die from these diseases than women, according to the American Lung Association. To prevent against influenza and pneumonia, the American Lung Association recommends vaccination28.

    根据美国肺脏协会的数据,男性死于这些疾病的可能性比女性高25%。为了预防流感和肺炎,美国肺协会推荐接种疫苗。

    Skin cancer

    皮肤癌

    According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, two-thirds of melanoma deaths in 2013 were men. This is more than twice the rate of women. Sixty percent of all melanoma deaths were white men over the age of 50.

    根据皮肤癌基金会的数据,2013年有三分之二的黑色素瘤患者是男性。这是女性的两倍多。60%的黑素瘤死亡是50岁以上的白人男性。

    You can help protect against skin cancer by wearing long sleeves and pants, hats with wide brims, sunglasses, and sunscreen when outdoors. You can also lower your risk of skin cancer by avoiding exposure to UV light sources.

    在户外,你可以穿长袖和长裤、宽边帽、太阳镜并涂抹防晒霜来预防皮肤癌。你也可以避免暴露在紫外线光源下来降低患皮肤癌的风险。

    HIV and AIDS

    艾滋病

    Men who are infected with HIV may not realize it, as initial symptoms may mimic29 a cold or flu. As of 2010, men account for 76 percent of people infected with HIV, according to the CDC.

    感染了艾滋病毒的男性可能并不会马上意识到,因为最初的症状类似感冒或流感。根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的数据,截至2010年,感染艾滋病毒的人数中其中76%是男性。

    The CDC goes on to state that men who have sex with men account for most new and existing HIV infections. African-American men have the highest rate of new HIV infection among all men.

    疾病预防控制中心继续指出,与男性发生性行为的男性更多的感染了新的和现有的艾滋病毒。在所有男性中,非洲裔美国人的艾滋病毒感染率最高。

     12级    双语 


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    1 gadget [ˈgædʒɪt] Hffz0   第8级
    n.小巧的机械,精巧的装置,小玩意儿
    参考例句:
    • This gadget isn't much good. 这小机械没什么用处。
    • She has invented a nifty little gadget for undoing stubborn nuts and bolts. 她发明了一种灵巧的小工具用来松开紧固的螺母和螺栓。
    2 awareness [əˈweənəs] 4yWzdW   第8级
    n.意识,觉悟,懂事,明智
    参考例句:
    • There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful. 人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
    • Environmental awareness has increased over the years. 这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。
    3 deterioration [diˌtiəriə'reiʃən] yvvxj   第7级
    n.退化;恶化;变坏
    参考例句:
    • Mental and physical deterioration both occur naturally with age. 随着年龄的增长,心智和体力自然衰退。
    • The car's bodywork was already showing signs of deterioration. 这辆车的车身已经显示出了劣化迹象。
    4 well-being [wel 'bi:ɪŋ] Fe3zbn   第8级
    n.安康,安乐,幸福
    参考例句:
    • He always has the well-being of the masses at heart. 他总是把群众的疾苦挂在心上。
    • My concern for their well-being was misunderstood as interference. 我关心他们的幸福,却被误解为多管闲事。
    5 interfere [ˌɪntəˈfɪə(r)] b5lx0   第7级
    vi.(in)干涉,干预;(with)妨碍,打扰;vt.冲突;介入
    参考例句:
    • If we interfere, it may do more harm than good. 如果我们干预的话,可能弊多利少。
    • When others interfere in the affair, it always makes troubles. 别人一卷入这一事件,棘手的事情就来了。
    6 prudent [ˈpru:dnt] M0Yzg   第7级
    adj.谨慎的,有远见的,精打细算的
    参考例句:
    • A prudent traveller never disparages his own country. 聪明的旅行者从不贬低自己的国家。
    • You must school yourself to be modest and prudent. 你要学会谦虚谨慎。
    7 foe [fəʊ] ygczK   第8级
    n.敌人,仇敌
    参考例句:
    • He knew that Karl could be an implacable foe. 他明白卡尔可能会成为他的死敌。
    • A friend is a friend, a foe is a foe. One must be clearly distinguished from the other. 敌是敌,友是友,必须分清界限。
    8 prone [prəʊn] 50bzu   第7级
    adj.(to)易于…的,很可能…的;俯卧的
    参考例句:
    • Some people are prone to jump to hasty conclusions. 有些人往往作出轻率的结论。
    • He is prone to lose his temper when people disagree with him. 人家一不同意他的意见,他就发脾气。
    9 aggression [əˈgreʃn] WKjyF   第8级
    n.进攻,侵略,侵犯,侵害
    参考例句:
    • So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression. 只要我们紧密地团结,就不必惧怕外来侵略。
    • Her view is that aggression is part of human nature. 她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。
    10 colon [ˈkəʊlən] jqfzJ   第8级
    n.冒号,结肠,直肠
    参考例句:
    • Here, too, the colon must be followed by a dash. 这里也是一样,应当在冒号后加破折号。
    • The colon is the locus of a large concentration of bacteria. 结肠是大浓度的细菌所在地。
    11 interferes [ˌɪntəˈfiəz] ab8163b252fe52454ada963fa857f890   第7级
    vi. 妨碍,冲突,干涉
    参考例句:
    • The noise interferes with my work. 这噪音妨碍我的工作。
    • That interferes with my plan. 那干扰了我的计划。
    12 hormone [ˈhɔ:məʊn] uyky3   第8级
    n.荷尔蒙,激素,内分泌
    参考例句:
    • Hormone implants are used as growth boosters. 激素植入物被用作生长辅助剂。
    • This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body. 这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
    13 infertility [ˌɪnfɜ:'tɪlətɪ] 37ExE   第9级
    n.不肥沃,不毛;不育
    参考例句:
    • It is the Geneva, Switzerland-based Biotech Company's second recombinant infertility drug. 它是瑞士生物技术公司在日内瓦的公司生产的第二种重组治疗不孕症的药。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术制药疫苗
    • Endometritis is a cause of infertility. 子宫内膜炎是不育的原子。 来自辞典例句
    14 prior [ˈpraɪə(r)] kQGxA   第7级
    adj.更重要的,较早的,在先的;adv.居先;n.小修道院院长;大修道院副院长
    参考例句:
    • The duty to protect my sister is prior to all others. 保护我的妹妹是我最重要的责任。
    • I took up one-year prior course in German in this college. 我在这所大学读了一年的德语预科。
    15 disorders [disˈɔ:dəz] 6e49dcafe3638183c823d3aa5b12b010   第7级
    n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 );凌乱;骚乱;(身心、机能)失调
    参考例句:
    • Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告,厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    • The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    16 annually [ˈænjuəli] VzYzNO   第9级
    adv.一年一次,每年
    参考例句:
    • Many migratory birds visit this lake annually. 许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
    • They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually. 他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。
    17 mishaps [ˈmɪsˌhæps] 4cecebd66139cdbc2f0e50a83b5d60c5   第10级
    n.轻微的事故,小的意外( mishap的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • a series of mishaps 一连串的倒霉事
    • In spite of one or two minor mishaps everything was going swimmingly. 尽管遇到了一两件小小的不幸,一切都进行得很顺利。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
    18 incurred [ɪn'kɜ:d] a782097e79bccb0f289640bab05f0f6c   第7级
    [医]招致的,遭受的; incur的过去式
    参考例句:
    • She had incurred the wrath of her father by marrying without his consent 她未经父亲同意就结婚,使父亲震怒。
    • We will reimburse any expenses incurred. 我们将付还所有相关费用。
    19 nutrients ['nju:trɪənts] 6a1e1ed248a3ac49744c39cc962fb607   第8级
    n.(食品或化学品)营养物,营养品( nutrient的名词复数 )
    参考例句:
    • a lack of essential nutrients 基本营养的缺乏
    • Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. 营养素被吸收进血液。 来自《简明英汉词典》
    20 toxic [ˈtɒksɪk] inSwc   第7级
    adj.有毒的,因中毒引起的
    参考例句:
    • The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea. 这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。
    • There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere. 爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。
    21 genetic [dʒəˈnetɪk] PgIxp   第7级
    adj.遗传的,遗传学的
    参考例句:
    • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases. 遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
    • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information. 每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
    22 diabetes [ˌdaɪəˈbi:ti:z] uPnzu   第9级
    n.糖尿病
    参考例句:
    • In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar. 对于糖尿病患者,医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
    • Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body. 糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。
    23 influenza [ˌɪnfluˈenzə] J4NyD   第8级
    n.流行性感冒,流感
    参考例句:
    • They took steps to prevent the spread of influenza. 他们采取措施阻止病毒的扩散。
    • Influenza is an infectious disease. 流感是一种传染病。
    24 pneumonia [nju:ˈməʊniə] s2HzQ   第8级
    n.肺炎
    参考例句:
    • Cage was struck with pneumonia in her youth. 凯奇年轻时得过肺炎。
    • Pneumonia carried him off last week. 肺炎上星期夺去了他的生命。
    25 sickle [ˈsɪkl] eETzb   第9级
    n.镰刀
    参考例句:
    • The gardener was swishing off the tops of weeds with a sickle. 园丁正在用镰刀嗖嗖地割掉杂草的顶端。
    • There is a picture of the sickle on the flag. 旗帜上有镰刀的图案。
    26 anemia [ə'ni:mi:ə] joGy3   第10级
    n.贫血,贫血症
    参考例句:
    • The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。
    • I was put on iron tablets for my anemia. 我曾因贫血吃补铁药片。
    27 susceptible [səˈseptəbl] 4rrw7   第7级
    adj.过敏的,敏感的;易动感情的,易受感动的
    参考例句:
    • Children are more susceptible than adults. 孩子比成人易受感动。
    • We are all susceptible to advertising. 我们都易受广告的影响。
    28 vaccination [ˌvæksɪ'neɪʃn] bKGzM   第9级
    n.接种疫苗,种痘
    参考例句:
    • Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox. 种痘是预防天花的方法。
    • Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years. 医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。
    29 mimic [ˈmɪmɪk] PD2xc   第9级
    vt.模仿,戏弄;n.模仿他人言行的人
    参考例句:
    • A parrot can mimic a person's voice. 鹦鹉能学人的声音。
    • He used to mimic speech peculiarities of another. 他过去总是模仿别人讲话的特点。

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