In addition to expanding knowledge of stellar physics, the information is expected to help engineers design better instruments and techniques for predicting solar storms and other events that can cripple satellites, disrupt power grids and affect aircraft travel on Earth.
Such outbursts disrupt radio and satellite communications, electricity grids and a variety of electronic equipment, so the pattern of solar activity is of more than academic interest.
The proposals all involve better energy efficiency, through smart buildings, power grids and transport.
" "We will replace the metal grids to the north and south with glass panels which will allow Parisians and visitors a very pleasant view of the monument.
Copper has suddenly burst into life, surging 14 per cent this month to above $5,500 a tonne as investors pick apart widely held assumptions about the underlying dynamic for a metal used in everything from wiring to power grids.
As the pictures show, each page of the book is divided into 12 grids, and each grid contains three sentences: a Chinese sentence on top, an English sentence in the middle and a pinyin transliteration at the bottom.
Imagine a place where driverless cars roam the streets, intelligent electricity grids regulate the power and everything is built from the ground up to the specifications of the ideal "smart" city.
Global time-keeping is important, because 'the second' - as defined by the International System of Units (SI) - is what our GPS devices, electrical power grids, and financial networks all rely on.
On the first, by far the most likely next step is the integration of storage mechanisms into existing grids and other distribution systems in ways that manage peak loads and thus contribute to reducing the necessary generating capacity.
" The authors suggest that to do this, research should focus on electricity generation, storage and smart grids.
Just as western regulators have occasionally forced operators of telecoms networks and electricity grids to share their "essential facilities" with competitors, the SAIC could compel "dominant" companies to share intellectual property when it constitutes "an essential facility of manufacturing and business operations".
Many poor countries, once intent on building coal-fired power plants to bring electricity to their people, are discussing whether they might leapfrog the fossil age and build clean grids from the outset.
